: 1. Mencius regards "the theory of good nature" as the theoretical basis for people to cultivate their self-cultivation and implement benevolent policies. He pointed out that "everyone has compassion; Everyone has a heart of shame and evil; Everyone has a respectful heart; Everyone has a right and wrong heart. Compassion, benevolence; Shame and nausea, righteousness also; Respect and courtesy; The heart of right and wrong is also wise. Benevolence, righteousness, courtesy and wisdom are not foreign, but inherent to me. " He believes that these people's "conscience" and "goodness" are inherent in people and are not obtained from the external world that exists objectively. However, these "happy endings" are not enough, and they must be expanded to achieve a perfect situation. Therefore, the role of education is to preserve and carry forward people's goodness, and it is also the decisive force to form a noble personality.

2. The educational purpose of Ren Ming Lun

Mencius believed that the purpose of education was to "understand human relations". For the first time, Mencius clearly summarized the purpose of China's ancient school education-"Ren Ming Theory", and explained that education served politics by realizing "Ren Ming Theory". In his view, "human relations" is the essential expression of human beings and also shows their life characteristics. Specifically, "human relations" are five pairs of relationships: "father and son are related, the monarch and the minister are righteous, the couple are different, the young and the old are orderly, and the friends have faith." Later it was called "Five Lun". Mencius imagined that the patriarchal clan relationship between father and son would affect and restrict the political and social relations between monarch, people and subjects, and constantly realize social improvement and long-term stability. On the other hand, education plays an important role by making people understand and implement all this.