The existence of teachers is of great significance. At the beginning of the book of learning, there is "a gentleman must learn if he wants to turn the people into customs!"
"Can be a teacher, and then can be long; Can be long, and then can be a gentleman. " "To be a leader" and "to be a monarch", we must first be "a teacher" and have the personality cultivation and learning ability to be a teacher. This fundamentally defines the lofty status of teachers. "Drums don't deserve five tones, and five tones are not harmonious; Water doesn't deserve five colors, and five colors don't deserve a chapter (through Zhang, it is of great significance); Learning is not suitable for the five senses, and the five senses are incurable; Teachers don't deserve five clothes (referring to Cui Zi, Dagong, Hong Xiao, Kenma and other five kinds of mourning clothes used to express kinship), and they don't kiss each other (teachers are not among the human relations, but they will not be familiar with human relations without the education of teachers). " This shows the great role of teachers in society. Therefore, teachers should not be chosen carelessly.
So, what is the ideal teacher image in Xue Ji?
As an excellent teacher, you must have profound knowledge. It can be seen from the content of "Examining Schools" in Xueji that teachers' teaching content is very extensive, including knowledge of Confucian classics, life knowledge, attitude towards life and values. The book of learning also clearly points out that "the study of antithesis is not enough to be a teacher." It can be seen that Xue Ji opposes being a "bookkeeper" teacher and advocates teachers with profound knowledge.
Teachers should have the basic knowledge of teaching and master the "method of university", including the principles of prevention, timeliness, step by step and Si Qi. At the same time, teachers should understand the truth of the University Law: "If it is issued and then banned, it will be unstoppable; If you study outside your time, you will work hard and it will be difficult to achieve anything; Miscellaneous giving without grandchildren, bad and chaotic without repair; Learning alone without friends is an ignorant person. " Teachers should also be aware of some negative factors in students' study, such as "Yan Peng" and "Yan Bi".
"Xue Ji" puts forward: "A teacher must know four mistakes. People learn too much, or lose too little, or lose too easily, or stop. " It is pointed out that teachers should "know what they mean before saving their losses" and "be good at saving their losses" should start from students' personality, understand their psychological quality and treat them in a targeted manner. This learning process is reasonable and good.
"Learning from each other" means that after teachers perceive their own "difficulties" in teaching, they constantly improve themselves through reflection, so as to achieve Xue Ji's "strong" requirement, that is, teachers should have the ability to reflect.
Teachers should have the ability to be good at teaching and metaphor. "A good singer makes people follow his voice, and a good teacher makes people follow his ambition", so that students can study hard and strengthen their interest under the guidance of the teacher. "Therefore, the teaching of a gentleman is also a metaphor", and "metaphor" means inspiration and guidance. The specific method is "Tao is painting, strength is restraint, and openness is expressiveness". Instead of imparting the original knowledge to students, we should leave room for students to think, let them think actively, maintain a positive learning attitude, let them become the main body of learning, and finally achieve "harmony, calmness and thinking"
The most important thing is to effectively realize the function and goal of education, that is, to respect teachers and emphasize Taoism: "Teachers are strict and then respect Taoism, while people know and respect learning".
Only when the public image of teachers' profession is consistent with their inner spirit and explicit behavior and at a high level can a good image appear, and its greatest value lies in guiding teachers to construct teachers' self-image reasonably and effectively, that is, having a public image of teachers' profession as a theoretical guide and realizing it as a professional ideal. The public image of teachers' profession in Xue Ji still has its rationality at present. Of course, facing the challenge of economic and social development, scientific and technological development and ecological changes in education development, the "personalized design" of teachers' professional public image is bound to be given new content in the new era. (19.0438+0.25 "Education")