There are no relatively new research points in pedagogy, but all of them are research results.

1, observation method

A widely used method in educational science research. According to a certain purpose and plan, researchers systematically and continuously observe the research object under natural conditions, and make accurate, specific and detailed records, so as to comprehensively and correctly grasp the situation to be studied. The observation method is not limited to naked eye observation and listening to notes, but also audio-visual tools, such as tape recorders, video recorders and movie machines.

2. Literary methods

By reading relevant books, materials and documents, we can fully and correctly grasp the situation to be studied. The documents to be consulted should be first-hand information. If it is a second-hand material, you must identify the authenticity before you can choose.

3. Investigation methods

Through personal contact and planned extensive understanding (including oral or written, direct or indirect), researchers can fully grasp the history, present situation and development trend of relevant educational practice, and on the basis of mastering a large number of first-hand materials, analyze and synthesize them to find scientific conclusions to guide future educational practice activities.

4. Statistical methods

Through observation, testing, investigation and experiment, a large number of data materials are statistically classified in order to obtain the results of quantitative analysis of the educational phenomena studied. This is the application of mathematical statistics in education. Statistics can be used to test the administrative efficiency of education, rationally allocate educational funds, determine the weight of courses, and scientifically compare students' achievements.

5. Code of conduct

Comprehensive research methods. It is mainly used for observing and visiting, understanding children's behaviors, conducting analysis and research, and exploring the laws of children's behaviors, so as to take concrete measures to help children correct their behaviors, so it is also called behavior modification method.

6. Historical laws

Through the analysis and research on the rich educational practice and thoughts in human history, we can understand the regularity of educational development and guide today's educational work. Historical research needs extensive reference to literature, which is related to literary laws, but it cannot be equated with literary laws. The literature method does not necessarily study the whole process of a phenomenon, and the historical research method is not limited to only consulting literature.

7. Comparative method

Comparative method is a comparative study of different manifestations of an educational phenomenon in different periods, different social systems, different places and different situations, in order to reveal the universal law of education and its special manifestations. Using comparative method, we should consider the social and economic system, political system, historical tradition, scientific and technological development and cultural development level, educational theory and its reflection in educational practice of various countries, and make clear comparable indicators.

8, analysis method

Or logical analysis, that is, the method of analyzing and studying the collected materials. This method itself includes specific methods such as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, generalization, induction and deduction.

9. Experimental method

Under the condition of artificially controlling educational phenomena, we should observe the changes and results of educational phenomena purposefully and in a planned way. It can make observation and recording more accurate, facilitate understanding the influence of various conditions and ensure the accuracy of research work. Experimental methods can be divided into laboratory experimental methods and natural experimental methods.

10, case law

Conduct in-depth and specific research on a single person or thing. The person or thing studied may or may not be representative. We can find out the regular things through the research and comparison of several cases, so as to guide our work.

1 1, hypothesis deduction method

It refers to asking questions on the basis of observation and analysis, deducing according to the hypothesis put forward, and then verifying the conclusion of deductive reasoning through experiments. If the experimental results are consistent with expectations, the hypothesis is proved to be correct, otherwise, the hypothesis is wrong.

The historical research method of educational science refers to the method of sorting out, explaining, evaluating and predicting tasks by collecting historical facts about the development and evolution of an educational phenomenon and systematically analyzing them.