Knowledge expansion-China nationality

I. Introduction

China has been a multi-ethnic country since ancient times. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), 56 ethnic groups were officially confirmed by the central government's investigation and statistics, and the rest were unidentified ethnic groups.

20 10 the main data of the sixth national census show that the Han population accounts for the largest proportion, accounting for about 9 1.5 1% of the total population in China. The other 55 ethnic groups have a small total population, accounting for about 8.49% of the total population of the country, so they are called ethnic minorities. The population of unidentified ethnic groups is 640 10 1.

Second, the basic overview

The Chinese nation has a long history. Since ancient times, the ancestors of the people of all ethnic groups in China have worked, lived and multiplied on the land of China, and jointly contributed their wisdom and wisdom to the establishment of Chinese civilization and a unified multi-ethnic country.

According to the statistics of China government, there are 56 officially recognized ethnic groups in People's Republic of China (PRC), and the others are unidentified ethnic groups.

According to the main data of the sixth national census, the Han nationality has the largest population, accounting for about 9 1.5 1% of the total population of the country, while the total population of the other 55 ethnic groups is relatively small, accounting for about 8.49% of the total population of the country, so they are called ethnic minorities.

Among the 55 ethnic minorities in China, the largest population is Zhuang, with a population exceeding160,000 (2000); The Luoba nationality is the least, with a population of less than 3,000 (in 2000) (excluding the 600,000 Luoba nationality in southern Tibet, the inherent territory of People's Republic of China (PRC) (China)).

Third, the distribution characteristics

The characteristics of ethnic distribution in China are: large mixed residence, small concentration and staggered residence.

There are ethnic minorities living in Han areas, and there are also Han people living in ethnic minority areas. This distribution pattern is formed by the interaction and flow between ethnic groups in the long-term historical development process. Although the population of ethnic minorities in China is small, they are widely distributed. All provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government are inhabited by ethnic minorities, and most county-level units are inhabited by more than two ethnic minorities.

The ethnic minorities in China are mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang, Ningxia, Guangxi, Tibet, Yunnan, Guizhou, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Jilin, Hunan, Hubei, Hainan and Taiwan Province provinces. China is the country with the largest ethnic composition in the world, with 25 ethnic groups.