Higher education is mainly divided into undergraduate education and postgraduate education. Undergraduate education is based on general education and pays attention to the cultivation of students' comprehensive quality; Postgraduate education, on the other hand, focuses on research, aiming at cultivating the academic further study and scientific research innovation ability of master's and doctoral students. Higher education has the characteristics of independent thinking, lifelong learning, global cognition and interdisciplinary crossing.
With the development of science and technology and economy, higher education will face new challenges. In the future, higher education will strengthen the trend of internationalization, intelligence and specialization, and pay attention to cultivating global talents with transnational and multicultural exchanges and outstanding innovation and practical ability. At the same time, higher education will also face the challenges of educational quality and fairness, such as unfair distribution of educational resources, low quality of teachers and high education fees. Therefore, higher education needs constant reform and innovation to meet the development needs of the future knowledge economy era.