Traditional educational theory emphasizes the authoritative role of teachers in students, and its representative is German educator Herbart, who believes that students' mental development depends entirely on teachers. Therefore, the role of teachers is emphasized. Modern teaching theory advocates designing teaching based on students' needs and interests, and teachers should not interfere with students. His representative figures are Rousseau and Dewey. The development of students is regarded as a natural process, and teachers can't dominate it, so they can only adapt to it. ?
(2) The unity of teachers' leading role and students' dominant position. Teachers play a leading role in the teaching process. Affirming the leading role of teachers does not deny the subjectivity of students in the teaching process. The initiative of students in learning is an important symbol to measure the leading role of teachers.