Destiny is sex, sex is Tao and cultivation is teaching.

Tao can't be separated for a moment, and non-Tao can be separated. So a gentleman is wary of what he can't see, and fear is almost unheard of. Don't be invisible, don't be insignificant. Therefore, a gentleman is cautious and independent.

Emotions and sorrows are not sent, which means that they are in the middle; All the hair is in the middle section, called and. If you are in the middle, you are the biggest in the world; He who is harmonious achieves the way of the world. Neutrality, the position of heaven, the education of all things.

(Interpretation)

Man's natural endowment is called "nature", acting according to nature is called "Tao", and practicing according to the principle of "Tao" is called "teaching".

Tao can't leave for a moment. Walking is not the way. Therefore, people with high moral character are cautious where no one sees them and afraid where no one hears them. The more hidden the place, the more obvious it is, and the more hidden it is. Therefore, virtuous people are also cautious when they are alone.

When emotions are not expressed, it is called "middle"; In line with the festival, it is called "harmony". "Zhong" is everyone's nature; "Harmony" is the principle that everyone follows. In the realm of "neutralization", heaven and earth are in their proper places, and everything grows and multiplies.

(Understanding, feeling, awakening, experiencing, experiencing)

This is the first chapter of The Doctrine of the Mean, and the introduction is an inseparable topic for a moment. The problem of "cautious independence" was also expounded in the previous study "University", which requires people to strengthen their consciousness, act in good faith according to the nature of talent, don't deceive themselves, and cultivate themselves according to the principles of Tao. I use "don't deceive yourself-get rid of jealousy" to explain the chapter "University".

After solving the above ideological problems, this chapter puts forward the category of "neutralization" (that is, the golden mean) and enters the whole theme.

As one of the important categories of Confucianism, the "golden mean" has always had various understandings. This chapter gives a positive and basic explanation of "zhong" and "he" from the emotional point of view. "Zhong" means that when a person does not show emotions of joys and sorrows, his heart is calm and indifferent; But joys and sorrows are inevitable for everyone and must be shown. It is "harmony" to show it reasonably and appropriately. Both of them are external and internal, and complement each other to achieve a harmonious state, which is "neutralization". Everyone has reached the realm of "neutralization", everyone is calm, the social order is orderly, and the world will be peaceful.

Dong Zhongshu and Dong Shi believe that "the golden mean" is the law and degree, and "harmony" is the realm and purpose; Without the realm of "harmony", "zhong" will lose its meaning, and without the scale of "zhong", "he" will not be achieved.

Zou in the Warring States Period wrote Mencius on Li Lou: "If you leave Lou Ziming, you will lose your son. If you don't obey the rules, it is not Fiona Fang. " Mencius urged those in power to advocate and appeal for benevolent governance. It is implemented in two aspects: first, "the law is supreme"; The second is to select talents. As the saying goes, Fiona Fang can't be achieved without rules. It is often emphasized that everything must have certain rules, rules and practices, otherwise it can't be successful.

In today's study, I found Cheng Yi's words, emphasizing that The Doctrine of the Mean is the work of Confucius who teaches the heart, and that "release is harmonious, roll is hidden, and it is hidden", which is full of taste and practical knowledge. People who are good at reading can enjoy life as long as they ponder carefully.

It suddenly occurred to me that I often have a headache for educating my children for a long time. I have read many books on children's education, and now I find that the golden mean is "Confucius teaches the heart." I wonder if it is feasible to apply it to children's education?

Actually, I had this idea a few days ago. Long-term study of the Four Books and Five Classics, there must be ways to educate children. I found it today, and I am very excited. So I studied hard and it became one thing.

First of all, according to what I learned today, my understanding of "neutralization" is: first of all, there must be rules and methods to do everything. If the rules and methods are learned correctly, they will be successful if they are thoroughly studied and implemented correctly.

First of all, let's look at the requirements of educating children: to have good habits, good personality, good health and good academic performance. And from the demand, seek methods and laws. Today is the first chapter of The Doctrine of the Mean. It is the opening statement of The Doctrine of the Mean, and it is also the starting point for me to find a way to educate my children-to learn the rules and methods thoroughly and make it possible.

The phrase "No rules, no Fiona Fang" often emphasizes that everything must have certain rules, rules and practices, otherwise it will not succeed. It originally came from the carpenter's term, and "gauge" refers to compass. When carpenters work, they will encounter the work of making round windows, doors, round tables and stools. , and ancient craftsmen already know to draw a circle with "rules"; "Moment" is also a woodworking tool, which refers to a curved ruler. The so-called bending ruler is not a bending ruler, but a right-angled ruler. It is a necessary ruler for carpenters to make square doors, windows, tables and stools. Without rules and moments, of course, you can't make things square or round, which is why you have this saying.