First, pay attention to the cultivation of children's healthy psychological behavior.
In science education activities, we often see: smart and capable children face completely surmountable difficulties, but easily give up the chance of success; Children who are usually confident and strong burst into tears after trying to fail, and even take it out on their peers who are engaged in activities together or on the materials of activities. From this, we get the enlightenment that a person with high IQ may not be successful. On the contrary, an ordinary person with a stable and lasting mood and a lively and cheerful personality can also be successful. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of children's healthy psychology in scientific enlightenment education.
1, cultivate children's initiative to participate. The enthusiasm of children to participate in scientific exploration activities generally depends on children's interest in activities and teachers' encouragement and help. Therefore, in practical work, teachers should pay attention to arrange more interesting activities for children, especially operational experimental activities, such as: understanding the ups and downs of objects, providing various materials at the beginning of activities, allowing children to play freely in the water to see what will float and what will sink, thus stimulating children's interest in activities; On the basis of interest, encourage children to find ways to let the floating things sink and the heavy things float, further mobilizing their desire for exploration; When necessary, the teacher gives the child the necessary guidance, and the child is more motivated because of success, forming a virtuous circle.
2. Cultivate children's persistence. Nowadays, children have few opportunities to encounter setbacks, and many children give up halfway when they encounter difficulties and failures. Therefore, we should artificially set some obstacles for them in scientific and technological activities, enhance their psychological endurance to setbacks, and thus enhance their persistence. For example, in the activities of knowing "all kinds of cars", children can be provided with square wheels so that their cars can't walk; In the activity of exploring the charging principle of electric beads, children are provided with expired batteries so that their houses can't be electrified, and then when they want to give up the experiment, they are educated that they need to think more ways to do things well. If they give up halfway, they will not learn, and then encourage them to find ways to persist in finishing the experiment and cultivate their perseverance.
In addition, through long-term systematic observation, let children understand the growth process of things and discover the changes of things and the relationship between things, which is also conducive to cultivating children's perseverance in observing things. For example, let children grow onions, peanuts, goldfish and so on. Through regular observation, children will record the observation results in their own observation books by drawing, which not only allows children to understand the growth process of animals and plants, but also cultivates their persistence.
3. Cultivate children's cooperative spirit. In the future society, only those who can cooperate with others can get living space; Only those who are good at cooperation can win development, and cooperation is the performance of children's mental health. In the activities of children's science and technology education, there are many activities that require children and their peers to cooperate and explore together, which requires learning the ways of communication and cooperation in the activities. We can provide opportunities for children to cooperate. For example, in the "moving objects" in scientific and technological activities, children can cooperate to move heavier objects; In the "sound propagation", let the children speak softly at one end of the paper stick and listen to the sound at the other end of the hollow paper stick at the other end, so as to experience the success of cooperation. In the process of cooperation with others, children gradually get rid of self-centeredness and know how to adjust their emotions and behaviors to meet the requirements of the group.
4. Let children form a sense of transcendence. We know that the scientific enlightenment education activity itself is a kind of transcendence activity, and children have achieved the goal of transcendence while completing the activity. For example, in the activity of "transporting sand", the teacher provided children with a method of transporting sand in barrels: bagging, boxing, filling cups, etc., and encouraged children to obtain more methods through practice. Then through observation and comparison, they denied the time-consuming and laborious method, and some children put forward the method of transporting sand by car over a long distance, which has gone far beyond the simple purpose of this activity. Therefore, in scientific exploration activities, teachers should pay attention to inspiring children to find ways to let them decide the steps and methods of operation themselves; Allow children to ask questions and requirements, encourage children to understand things in a different way from the routine, and support their creation, so as to stimulate their spirit of exploration and re-creation and let children form a sense of transcendence.
Second, pay attention to creating a good environment for scientific enlightenment education.
Scientific enlightenment education attaches importance to children's discovery learning of scientific knowledge, fully embodies children's subjectivity in learning, and encourages children to discover and solve problems through their own exploration activities. It is really done for children to learn science. Therefore, attention should be paid to creating a good environment for children's scientific exploration activities in the scientific enlightenment education, so that children can acquire scientific knowledge, master the methods of learning science and cultivate the spirit of scientific exploration in the interaction with the environment.
1, create a science laboratory. Science laboratory is an important position for children to explore and learn science and technology. It is often more meaningful to create a science laboratory for children and provide them with exploration materials than to provide them with knowledge. Therefore, kindergartens should pay attention to building a science laboratory for their children. Multiple experimental areas can be created for children in the laboratory. Such as: animal and plant specimen area, electromagnetic area, play area, power supply area, etc. Let children freely enter the area to participate in operational experimental activities, improve their enthusiasm and reduce the mutual interference of experimental activities. Secondly, it is necessary to provide rich operational experimental materials in various regions. Because the laboratory is designed for children in the whole park, the materials provided should be suitable for the development level and needs of children of all ages. Therefore, in addition to buying compasses, thermometers, cadaver specimens, animal specimens and other materials, kindergartens need to provide a large number of self-made materials with different difficulties. Such as tumbler, fun animal balancer, magnetic toy frog jump, dancing rabbit, etc. Meet the needs of children to participate in experimental activities. At the same time, we should also provide children with more semi-finished products to help them find, ask and solve problems themselves in experimental activities. For example, provide children with cartons, bottle caps and so on. Let the children make their favorite cars by themselves, and then push them with their companions after they are done, and initially explore the principle that round wheels roll fast and square wheels roll hard.
2. Create a good activity room environment. The activity room is the main place for children's daily life. Creating an environment with a scientific atmosphere in the activity room can subtly cultivate children's love for science and interest in participating in scientific exploration, and also lay the foundation for scientific teaching activities. Teachers can create natural and scientific corners for children in the activity room, and then constantly update and enrich them according to seasonal changes and regular scientific activities every week. For example, in combination with spring theme activities, onions and peanuts are planted in the natural corner, "fruit dolls" are made from various fruits, and various mirrors are placed in the popular science corner for children to play "mirror games" and so on. Children should also be involved in the layout of the environment of the activity room, such as "household appliances". Teachers can collect pictures of various household appliances and micro-small appliances with their children and arrange them in the popular science corner for them to see.
In addition, kindergartens should also pay attention to planting more trees, planting flowers, opening up vegetable gardens, setting feeding corners, building pools and sand pools, and setting up "ecological waters" to create a large number of other scientific and technological environments, so that children can rediscover, re-recognize and re-create while playing, and constantly gain superficial scientific knowledge.
Third, make full use of social natural resources for scientific enlightenment education.
Social natural resources refer to all the manpower, material resources, natural environment and social organizations available for scientific education in the kindergarten area and its adjacent areas. Using social natural resources can provide children with opportunities to learn science, broaden their horizons, enrich their scientific experience and life, and let them learn what they can't learn in kindergarten and feel the joy of learning. Using social natural resources can also arouse children's curiosity and stimulate their interest in learning. Therefore, children's scientific enlightenment education activities must be integrated into society and nature. For example, when children receive modern science and technology education, they can be taken to visit high-tech development units; Understand natural phenomena such as wind, and take children outdoors or in nearby mountains to feel; Knowing water can organize children to visit waterworks on the spot, and watch how water is introduced into waterworks from far away. After disinfection and filtration, it is sent to thousands of households, so that children can realize that tap water is hard to come by, and many people pay sweat for it, and they have a concrete perception of the role of modern technology, the greatness of scientific and technological workers and the truth of saving water. Then take the children to visit the polluted river and let them know the harm that river pollution brings to people's lives and animals and plants.
If the scientific enlightenment education in kindergarten can get out of the classroom, kindergarten, nature and society, it can accomplish the task of scientific enlightenment for children more effectively. Using social and natural resources to carry out scientific enlightenment education for young children can make up for the shortcomings of formal and informal scientific activities and infiltrate the scientific education concept of combining science, technology and society.