Compared with daily oral English, oral English in education requires fluency, concise and standardized sentences and strong logic; Compared with TV broadcast (news report), oral education requires obvious emotional color, light and heavy tone, high and low tone; Compared with oral art performances (such as poetry recitation), oral education requires mild emotional expression and not too strong tone change. Therefore, from the formal point of view, oral education has the following main characteristics: (1) the language flow is relatively clear and smooth; (2) accurate, concise and standardized words; (3) strong logic; (4) The timbre changes well and the mood is full and rich, but it is generally not exaggerated.
Oral education includes not only form but also content. From the content point of view, oral education refers to the working language used by teachers to educate students, and its characteristics and requirements mainly include the following points: (1) pertinence. That is, in the process of education, teachers should speak for people, things, times and places. (2) Inducibility. That is to say, teachers are required to master certain thinking methods, from the outside to the inside, from the superficial to the deep, to analyze and solve problems realistically, which is both pleasant and satisfactory. (3) Say rationality. That is, putting facts, reasoning and convincing. (4) infectivity. That is to say, to be emotional, with fiery emotional contagion students. (5) educational. That is to say, it should be of educational significance to students.
Let's briefly talk about the basic requirements of persuasion, encouragement, praise, criticism, oral group education, language skills in handling accidents, home visits and conversation skills.
1, persuasive language
The characteristics and requirements of persuasion are mainly manifested in three aspects: first, the purpose of persuasion should be clear; The second is to combine persuasion with persuasion; Third, don't talk big, rhetoric, empty talk, don't overwhelm students with the power of teachers, be rational and emotional. The way of persuasion varies from person to person, from thing to thing, and there is no fixed model. The more effective ways are: (1) positive persuasion. That is, present the facts, tell the truth, point out the harm, make demands, and understand the righteousness. (2) persuasion. That is to discourage behavior, channel emotions, and then reason. (3) moving people with emotion. Combining emotion with reason, reason moves people with emotion.
2. Motivation language
When students lack confidence and courage, or cringe, or are pessimistic and disappointed because of setbacks, or are depressed because of difficulties, teachers need to use inspiring language to glow their positive emotions and spirits. Inspirational language is very inspiring. The basic requirements of inspirational language are: (1) being good at seeing problems in two ways. We should see the positive from the negative, the essence from the phenomenon, and the positive affirmation and encouragement. (2) Be passionate. Inspire students from Australia's depressed, pessimistic and sad emotions with passion. (3) Don't exaggerate.
Step 3 greet
Praise words are words that praise or affirm students' good thoughts, behaviors, achievements and some progress. Its basic requirements are: objectivity, fairness, timeliness and sincerity. Praise generally appears in two forms: praise and praise. Praise is usually based on telling the facts and giving appropriate positive comments in the process of telling. Praise is subjective. Of course, subjective judgment is not arbitrary or infinite, but a rational sublimation based on facts, full of praise.
Step 4 criticize
Comment on writing is a language that negatively evaluates students' shortcomings and mistakes. Treat students, not only dare to criticize, but also be good at criticizing. The basic requirements of criticism are: (1) Adhere to positive education, encourage students to make progress, supplemented by criticism and punishment. (2) adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts, without prejudice, prejudice, infinite supremacy or "second guessed". (3) Be kind to others, without hurting students' self-esteem and insulting personal dignity. (4) pay attention to the method. Sometimes we have to talk individually, and sometimes we have to criticize openly; Sometimes you can only hint, sometimes you must point out; Sometimes we should stick to hard words and soft words, and sometimes we should stick to soft words and strict words. Everything varies from person to person, from thing to thing and from time to place.
There are various ways of criticism, mainly direct criticism and indirect criticism. The former refers to unambiguously pointing out the shortcomings and mistakes of students, including facts, roots, results, treatments and requirements, and telling them all. For those with bad circumstances and serious nature, they even gave severe condemnation. The latter refers to not criticizing the parties directly, but speaking in a euphemistic and implicit language form, that is, there is something in the words, and there is a sound outside the words, so that students can understand and comprehend it themselves.
5. Oral English group education
Oral collective education refers to the language form of collective education for all students. Its main features are: (1) clear purpose. Mainly to organize education for students' needs or problems. (2) For all students. (3) Simple and rigorous, with little randomness. Oral group education includes reports, speeches (or speeches) and presiding over meetings.
6. Language skills in handling accidents
Accidental events refer to accidents and emergencies that occur in educational and teaching activities. Generally speaking, there are two kinds of such incidents, one is non-cognitive factors, such as sudden interference outside the venue and a student's prank. Second, there are cognitive factors in teaching, such as students suddenly asking difficult questions, strange questions and embarrassing questions in class. Either way, it will affect the normal education and teaching order. However, if handled properly and skillfully, it can not only ensure the normal operation of education and teaching activities, but also provide teachers with an excellent opportunity to show their educational wit, thus gaining the admiration of students, and students can also receive education and enlightenment from it.
A general principle in handling accidents is that we should not simplify, let alone be rude or even angry, but analyze specific problems, be flexible and change passivity into initiative. The specific requirements are: (1) control emotions and keep calm. (2) Keep a good "mouth". Don't abuse, don't hurt people, especially don't hurt students' personal dignity, speak in a gentle tone and be tolerant of students. (3) Seeking truth from facts and giving priority to persuasion. Every accident happens for a reason. If we make full use of the situation, bad things may turn into good things. (4) Be a "general" and don't be petty, or you will be laughed at by students.
Dealing with accidents requires teachers to have the ability and skills to express themselves orally in an emergency. The common methods and techniques are as follows: (1) dilution. That is, cold treatment to dilute the tension. (2) Shunhua. That is to say, speak according to the students' situation. This is not only a strategy of retreating for progress, but also a working method of taking advantage of the situation. (3) Interesting solutions. That is, to make humorous or humorous explanations for students' sudden behavior or words.
7, home visit conversation skills
Home visits are an indispensable part of school education. Parents of students are distributed in all walks of life, with different educational level, social occupation and personality. Whether they can make home visits effectively depends largely on the teachers' conversation skills. The dialogue between teachers and parents can be roughly divided into four stages. In the first stage, teachers greet parents, show their sincerity to parents, narrow the emotional distance, eliminate possible misunderstandings, and make psychological preparations for the next conversation; In the second stage, the teacher introduced the school education and students' performance to Shen Chang, basically in the form of teacher monologues; In the third stage, the teacher asked the parents about the students' situation at home, including the basic situation of the parents, the education of the family and the situation of the students outside the school. , basically in the form of teachers' questions; In the fourth stage, teachers and parents jointly study measures and strategies to educate students, basically in the form of talks between the two sides. Of course, this is just a basic procedure. Because the purpose of each home visit is different, the focus of the conversation is different, the interviewees are different, and the procedures and methods of the conversation are flexible.
There are many strategies and techniques in home visit conversation. The first is to analyze the characteristics of parents and find common topics; Secondly, start with positive affirmation and create a good conversation situation; The third is to take the initiative to strike up a conversation; The fourth is to be humble and maintain the dignity of teachers. In the face of individual unreasonable troublemakers who don't respect teachers, teachers should give full play to their educational wit and language wit and safeguard their dignity and legal rights.
In a word, teachers' oral English is an art. As long as we pay attention to developing teachers' own wisdom, we will be able to use it properly and achieve good goals. Finally, three sentences are used as the conclusion: education is a career, and career is dedication; Education is scientific, scientific; Education is art, and the life of art lies in innovation.