1. The Balfour Education Act is the first stage of the development of modern education system in Britain from the beginning of the 20th century to the decades before World War II. Focusing on the development of general education, a series of important educational decrees have been promulgated, gradually forming a relatively systematic national education system, and the government has also strengthened the management of local education. 1902, Britain promulgated the Balfour Education Act. This law was proposed by British Conservative Prime Minister Balfour. The main contents of the decree are as follows: 1. In the educational leadership system, the previous method of managing primary schools by school boards in school districts was abolished, and county councils and county independent cities were instructed to set up local education bureaus to manage school education. Since then, the education leaders of local institutions have been regarded as the main body of education administration, thus forming a new education system based on the education department established in Britain from 1899, including Congress, education departments and local governments. This is a national education leadership system with both central unified leadership and local decentralization. The basic form of becoming a British education leader has not changed much so far. 2. With the rapid development of industry, the requirements of industry for workers' cultural level are higher and higher. In order to meet this demand and alleviate the people's strong demand for secondary education, the Balfour Decree granted local education authorities the right to set up public grammar schools and secondary technical schools. It also requires local educational institutions to subsidize private and church-run secondary schools. On the one hand, this law greatly increases the number of middle schools, on the other hand, it also strengthens the control of educational institutions over middle schools. However, most working people's children still can't receive secondary education. They can only learn reading, writing and arithmetic courses in primary schools, while the senior high school entrance examination students in grammar schools should have knowledge of Latin, algebra and geometry. Therefore, primary education and secondary education are an unrelated dual-track education system, which is an important feature of British national education system in the early 20th century. The Balfour Education Act is the first important education law in Britain after its transition to the modern capitalist stage. It promoted the combination of British government education committee and local education committee, and formed an education management system with local education authorities as the main body, which had a great and far-reaching impact on the later education leadership system and the development of British secondary education. Second, "Fisher Education Law" After the First World War, the British economy began to decline, which intensified the domestic class contradictions and the struggle of working people for the right to education in the field of education intensified. During the war, the British rulers learned more about the achievements of Germany's extensive implementation of national education, so they considered reforming British national education. 19 18 the national assembly promulgated the primary education law named after minister of culture and education fisher. Its main content is: 1. Strengthen the right of local authorities to develop education and the power of the State Education Commission to restrict local authorities. 2. With regard to primary education, child labor before the age of 65,438+02 is prohibited, and the period of compulsory education is extended to the age of 5-65,438+04. The teaching content emphasizes the principle of "children-centered", with activity classes and art classes as the main ones. 3. Local education authorities should establish and maintain continuing education schools and provide free appropriate courses for young people aged 14- 16. 4. Local authorities set up preschool classes for children aged 2-5, and local governments must independently set up preschool classes to form preschool classes, which is conducive to children's physical and intellectual development from childhood. Fisher Education Law has played an important role in establishing a complete national education system. 3. Butler Education Law 1944 The British government passed the bill proposed by Butler, Chairman of the Education Committee, and named it the Butler Education Law, also known as the Education Law 1944. The central content of the bill is still to adjust the educational leadership system and seek the connection between primary education and secondary education. The former aims to strengthen the state's leadership and control over education; The purpose of the latter is to further realize the slogan of equal opportunities in secondary education that has not been realized for many years. Its main contents are as follows: 1. Strengthen the state's control and leadership over education, and rename the Education Committee, which has only been responsible for supervision since the establishment of 1899, as the Ministry of Education to lead the national education work in a unified way. The Ministry of Education has the Minister of Education, who is responsible for promoting national education and developing educational institutions for the purpose of national education, and is also responsible for supervising and leading educational undertakings in various places. All important matters, such as the formulation of regional education plans, the appointment and removal of the heads of local education authorities, and the issuance of local education orders, are approved by the minister. 2. In order to change the two-track system in which primary education and secondary education were not connected with each other in the past, the Education Law 1944 stipulated that the general education system in Britain should be changed into three stages of continuous development, namely, primary education, secondary education and continuing education. 1 1 Teenagers over the age of 0 receive secondary education, which is connected with primary education. This is a major improvement on the previously independent primary and secondary education. 3.5-/kloc-Compulsory education is implemented at the age of 0/5. At the same time, the local education authorities should provide full-time education and part-time education for over-age people in compulsory education. 4. The law also clearly stipulates the terms of religious education in schools. Public and private schools hold group prayers every day and have religious education courses. The decree also puts forward some requirements for the reform of normal education and higher education. Source: (/s/blog _ 58cc4a870100cyjd.html)-Random Talk on Education 38: British Modern Education System _pplong_ Sina Blog The Butler Education Act is an extremely important law in the history of the development of British education system, and it is the general guiding document and legal basis for the post-war education reform in Britain. Its main purpose is to inherit and integrate the educational reform requirements put forward by the important British education laws since the end of 19, and combine them with the actual needs of post-war education to form the educational reform law which plays the most important role in the history of British education development, creating a precedent for the world capitalist countries to formulate and promulgate the post-war educational reform law, and at the same time having a great influence on the basic principles and language policy of post-war British education development.