The geological structure of changji city is as follows:

There are various exposed strata in changji city. From the southernmost Santun River to the north of Bingdaban in Urumqi, it is the Proterozoic. The upper Paleozoic strata are well developed and constitute the main strata in alpine areas, which are distributed from east to west. Paleozoic-Mesozoic exposed in Changji River and other places. Mesozoic Permian is only exposed on the left bank of Changji River, belonging to Manas Strata Group.

Jurassic is mainly distributed in Changji River, Santun River and Toutun River. Cretaceous is distributed in Santunhe area. Cenozoic is widely distributed in Changji, mainly in piedmont, southern margin of Junggar basin and Junggar basin.

Changji city's first-level tectonic unit is Tianshan-Xing 'an geosyncline system, and the second-level tectonic unit is North Tianshan geosyncline system, which can be divided into three sub-second-level tectonic units: North Tianshan geosyncline fold belt and junggar block and Middle Tianshan uplift. There is no structural unit of Grade III in the uplift belt of the Middle Tianshan Mountains.

The North Tianshan geosyncline fold belt can be divided into two tertiary structural units, namely, Ga anticlinorium in Khabir and Boluohuoluo anticline. Junggar block can be divided into two tertiary structural units: Urumqi piedmont depression and Cenozoic belt coverage area in Junggar basin.

The landform of changji city is as follows:

The landform types of changji city can be roughly divided into three parts: mountains, plains and deserts. The whole terrain is high in the south and low in the north, which is stepped, with a height difference of more than 4000 meters between north and south. In the southern mountainous area, there are 55 peaks over 400 meters above sea level, such as Tianshan Mountain and Tiangeer Mountain, stretching across the sky. The central part is alluvial plain, and the northern desert is a part of Gurbantunggut desert. Sand dunes are fixed and semi-fixed, and the terrain between hills is flat.