September 18 can never be forgotten.
First, from marginalization to the backbone of the revolution.
Due to the large number of China people going south in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Chinese community in Nanyang has been ignored by the imperial court, and it can be said that it is a marginal figure. During the Qianlong period, there was a massacre of Chinese in Southeast Asia, but Emperor Qianlong scoffed at it and thought it was "abandoning the people in China".
It was not until Sun Yat-sen formed a revolutionary party and made many overseas activities that overseas Chinese in Nanyang were officially regarded as potential revolutionary support forces. Sun Yat-sen made many speeches to Chinese groups in Southeast Asia and carried out revolutionary activities such as recruiting revolutionaries and raising funds for activities. Overseas Chinese in Nanyang also demonstrated their strong patriotic strength with practical actions, which greatly promoted the success of the later revolution.
Dr. Sun Yat-sen is in Nanyang
By the Revolution of 1911 in 19 1 1, hundreds of overseas Chinese schools had been established in vast areas of Southeast Asia. In view of the weak position of overseas Chinese, people think it is necessary to set up new schools in Chinese-inhabited areas to enlighten the people and study science in order to improve the status of overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia. The success of Sun Yat-sen and other revolutionaries' propaganda speeches in Nanyang has a lot to do with the establishment of hundreds of overseas Chinese schools. Under the propaganda of Sun Yat-sen, a large number of smart young people and comrades who are willing to "throw caution to the wind" to support the revolution have emerged in the Chinese society in Nanyang.
Second, overseas Chinese education in Nanyang in 1960s +0920- 1930
After the Revolution of 1911, overseas Chinese schools were established like snowflakes. By the 1960s, there were about 654.38+million students in overseas Chinese schools in Malaysia and Singapore, and nearly 50,000 students in Indonesia, and the number of students increased explosively. A large increase in the number also means the expansion of the scope of education, which is in line with the original intention of overseas Chinese schools, that is, to popularize China culture through the establishment of schools, so that students can know where their "roots" are, and then pay more attention to the crisis-ridden motherland and master the skills of serving the country through learning.
Huazhong college today.
The important educational content of overseas Chinese schools is to promote Putonghua teaching. We should know that language is the most important way of national self-identity, and learning and speaking Mandarin boldly is the most straightforward embodiment of overseas Chinese's recognition of Chinese national identity. Many overseas Chinese schools not only teach Mandarin, but also focus on the propaganda of national crisis, especially at this time when China is already under the strong threat of Japanese. The school hopes to make students realize that Japan will be China's biggest enemy through education. When the all-out war broke out, under the influence of patriotic education in overseas Chinese schools, countless young people actively participated in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and made outstanding contributions to national independence and national prosperity.
Today's Overseas Chinese Middle School
By 1935, after decades of development, there have been more than 2,500 overseas Chinese schools in Nanyang, and the number of students has remained above100000. The establishment of a large number of overseas Chinese schools in Nanyang has enabled young people who have grown up in the past 20 or 30 years to form a strong sense of national identity. They will find that although they are overseas, they are real China people, and they have the obligation to make due contributions to the progress and development of China. At that time, people once said in newspapers and periodicals: "It is death to give up the master education of one's own country and be educated by slaves of other countries!" Overseas Chinese who want to go to China must be educated by overseas Chinese, be familiar with Chinese, know Chinese and establish their own overseas Chinese identity. This sentence can be used to summarize the necessity of overseas Chinese education.
Third, the national government and overseas Chinese education.
Seeing that the overseas Chinese schools in Nanyang are in full swing, the national government, which started as a revolutionary party, once again realized the strength of overseas Chinese in Nanyang, and if these forces are properly used, they are likely to have great effects. To this end, the National Government has formulated four major overseas Chinese policies: immigration, colonization, protection and education, among which "education" is overseas Chinese education.
Since then, the National Government has successively promulgated 2 1 laws and regulations on overseas Chinese education, such as the Regulations on the Filing of Overseas Chinese Schools, clearly stipulating that the establishment of overseas Chinese schools in China needs to be reported to the government, and the government will give strong support as long as it is conducive to the development of the country. At the same time, the government also decided to send domestic teachers to teach in Nanyang Overseas Chinese School, and encouraged them to hold educational training courses overseas and compile their own educational materials and books for overseas Chinese schools. However, overseas China students they teach who want to return to China will be treated like domestic students without any unfair treatment.
Statue of Nanyang Overseas Chinese Machinist Anti-Japanese Memorial Hall (Ruili)
The national government very much hoped to participate in the education of overseas Chinese schools in Nanyang and cultivate the patriotic spirit of local overseas Chinese, but it was too hasty. 193 1 year, the national government hoped that teachers who went to overseas Chinese schools could preach domestic political current affairs to students more, and hoped to spread the Three People's Principles thought pursued by the national government through education, but this obviously had a strong government-led will and was bound to violate the original intention of education.
Indeed, when the ideas spread by the government were added to textbooks, they quickly aroused the dissatisfaction of the local colonial government. They regard the Overseas Chinese School as a place for the National Government to publicize the Three People's Principles, and even some schools closed down in the storm, which obviously runs counter to the purpose of the Overseas Chinese School, and the final effect will not be too good. Under pressure, the national government was forced to give up these practices, and overseas Chinese schools still blossomed everywhere in Nanyang, promoting patriotic education.