The most controversial point of the bill is that it clearly stipulates that in-service teachers are not allowed to engage in paid tutoring and part-time activities, which has aroused heated discussion among the education sector, students and parents.
Teachers deliberately set up small stoves, and parents spend money to buy "fairness"
"It's time to reflect! Teachers usually don't teach well in class, and even the most basic content requires children to go home to listen to paid counseling, which violates the compulsory education law! " Yang Yang (pseudonym) raised his voice when he mentioned making up lessons.
Children in Yang Yang are in the third grade of primary school, and more than half of the students in the class go to the teacher's house for classes on weekends. "In fact, I really want my children to have a good rest on weekends, but other children have gone, and I can't help it. I can't fall behind others! " Yang Yang's wife said.
China Youth Daily reporter asked the children around her: "What courses do you go to the teacher's house to study?"
"When the teacher is in class, let's read by ourselves first, then talk about half a class, and go to the teacher's house on the rest of the weekend." The little boy pulled his mother around the corner and muttered something to himself.
"This harmony, a class break in half, half at school at ordinary times, half at the teacher's house on weekends, isn't this for children? This is really' get twice the result with half the effort'! It is difficult for children to cope with school homework. Now, there is no rest on weekends. Making more money on weekends is nothing more than the teacher's money. " Yang Yang said.
Jiang Wen's (pseudonym) children get good grades. She didn't think it was necessary to go to the teacher's house to make up lessons. Later, she found that the child often lowered his head when he came back from school and asked him why he was unhappy. "The child said that the teacher rarely asked him to speak in class. Many interesting things were discussed in class, and they were also talked about at the teacher's house on weekends. Other students can laugh when they say it, but our children can't understand it and can't laugh. "
China Youth Daily reporter learned from many parents of the same school that some class teachers only give the students who make up lessons on weekends the opportunity to speak when asking questions in class, and only let the children who make up lessons show their faces when there are group activities and performances.
"If children feel isolated among their classmates, they will be very sad when they come back from school, and they will always cry with us. Later, we had no choice but to follow the crowd and let the children go to the teacher's house on weekends, even if it was' spending money to buy happiness'! " Jiang Wen said helplessly.
"This is a problem with teachers' morality and unfair to other children!" Yang Yang said.
When the ban came out, it triggered a hot discussion among netizens, and some teachers complained.
"I have been working 17 years. Last year, I asked for a house of less than 90 square meters, spent all my savings and owed nearly 200,000 yuan. Let's see, my salary is high now, and it will take seven years to pay it off. Poor thing! Can't you make full use of your own resources to earn some extra money? We don't make up classes, and students' money is earned by others. " A teacher said.
A friend of Zhongxin.com said: "Pay according to work, other occupations can work part-time, why can't teachers?"
A netizen whose husband and wife are teachers objected: "Compulsory education can't be started. You can't expect all teachers to have high professional quality and high moral standards. A considerable number of class teachers will use his authority to ask students to eat in their own small stoves, and even suppress and isolate students who don't eat small stoves-this kind of thing has never happened. "
"I am also a high school teacher. There are indeed some students who need to make up lessons. Otherwise, I really can't! I suggest that there should be a norm that teachers had better not make up lessons for students in their own classes. Because I really can't tell whether you deliberately left your hand in class or you didn't speak seriously in class ... "A Tianya netizen suggested.
A netizen protested for the children, saying, "Why are there things that children didn't talk about in class during the exam, and children who attend the remedial class can basically answer questions?" It may be difficult to be a teacher, but we must never allow teachers to stink ... otherwise, is there any hope for our children? "
Paid tutoring: existence is reasonable?
At present, it is almost an open secret that in-service teachers in primary and secondary schools are engaged in paid tutoring and part-time jobs. In 2008, a telephone survey conducted by China Social Research Institute in six major cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Harbin, showed that most of the teachers interviewed chose to make up lessons for their students during the summer vacation. Among them, 40% choose to make up lessons for students; 16.7% people choose to open remedial classes by themselves. According to the comprehensive analysis data, about 60% teachers are still teaching during the summer vacation.
In-service teachers engage in tutoring, and some people support it and some people oppose it. Does it make sense to exist if someone supports it? China Youth Daily reporter interviewed relevant scholars and educators.
Wang, a professor of administrative law and doctoral supervisor at Southwest University of Political Science and Law, believes that at present, paid tutoring is booming in society and there is no room for survival. "In this way, paid tutoring caters to the needs of the market to a certain extent."
From the legal point of view, Wang believes that the problem of teachers' off-campus teaching is firstly the boundary problem of teachers' rights and obligations as laborers, and secondly the problem of credit and teachers' morality.
"If teachers do their job well and use their spare time to engage in some extracurricular tutoring activities with reasonable fees, why not! From another standpoint, for parents and students, through the guidance and guidance of teachers, their grades have been improved and everyone is very happy. "
However, an old headmaster surnamed Jiang who has worked in the field of education for more than 30 years and is now retired told reporters: "What do you mean by' doing your job well'? Teachers should make full use of the 45 minutes in class, and carry out teaching from shallow to deep according to the requirements of the syllabus. If students don't understand, it's because the teacher didn't understand the textbook well before class, or there is a problem with the teaching method, which should not be solved by extracurricular tutoring. "
The old headmaster thinks that if the teacher doesn't spend time paying attention to the class and making money after class, it will inevitably distract the energy of classroom teaching, and will also make students lose their concentration in class and give extracurricular tutoring, which will not only waste educational resources, but also increase the burden on parents.
Professor Kang Liying, deputy dean of the School of Education Science of Capital Normal University, believes that support means demand. "Some students need to find a tutor to improve their grades when they have difficulties in learning. This is a normal demand and should be met. " However, she also pointed out that this demand has also induced some classroom teachers to engage in fee-based counseling.
Is there a problem with part-time teachers' morality?
Professor Wang believes that the uneven distribution of educational resources and exam-oriented education are two major reasons for teachers' paid tutoring and part-time jobs.
He analyzed: "In the West, teachers, doctors and lawyers are the three major occupations with high social status and high income. In China, especially in the western region, the treatment of teachers has not been improved. Although the state has recently increased its investment in educational resources in the western region, it is an unavoidable fact that teachers' income is generally not high. "
"As the saying goes,' there is perseverance and perseverance'. If teachers are poorly paid, how can they concentrate on classroom teaching when they encounter a crisis of survival? " He said.
However, President Jiang believes that this problem is not caused by teachers' low income, but by teachers' morality. "I think the income of teachers is not low. Now the treatment of teachers is many times better than before, and the state has been increasing investment in educational resources. "
She said: "Compared with before, there are some gaps and problems in teachers' behavior. Some teachers take their parents as gifts for granted, and some even ask their parents for benefits in disguise. I think paid tutoring after class is one of them. "
She believes that these "benefits" may make some teachers arrange some children's seats in front, or pay more attention to them in class, or correct their homework more seriously, so that children with good families can "eat" at school, which will have a bad influence on students.
Wang pointed out that exam-oriented education is another important reason for the existence of paid tutoring. "Under the pressure of entering a higher school and the baton of the college entrance examination, it is not surprising that the tutor market is hot. One is willing to fight, the other is willing to scold, and the ban is almost useless. Parents will always find other ways. "
"Every year in the college entrance examination, the media will announce the top candidates of the college entrance examination in all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), and the municipal level will follow suit. Candidates line up from the first place to the last place in the city and enroll students in turn. " A teacher in Zhejiang province wrote in his blog.
He also wrote: "The school secretly opened an improvement class. Carefully plan the echelon of key high schools; The system of mid-term examination and monthly examination is firm, queuing according to scores, parents signing papers and meeting parents according to scores have become a magic weapon to urge students to improve their grades. Score recognition and incentives of various names came into being. "
At the same time, the teacher also pointed out that the only child accounts for the vast majority, and the child's education is at the top of the family. Paying for a tutor is a helpless move under the high expectations of parents.
Is legislation the only way to solve the problem?
"Whether it is organized by schools or teachers themselves, or by participating in education and training institutions, paid tutoring increases students' academic burden, damages students' physical and mental health development, and violates the basic principles of education." Professor Lao Kaisheng, director of the Institute of Education Policy and Law of Beijing Normal University and doctoral supervisor, said.
"At the same time, this kind of behavior makes schools or teachers profit from it, which is a typical profit-making behavior and is prohibited by the Education Law." He said.
But in his view, there is a difference between paid tutoring and part-time work. Part-time job means that teachers take part-time jobs in other educational institutions in their spare time, or accept the entrustment of parents to provide learning guidance for their children. Although this kind of make-up lessons will also be charged, it obviously should not belong to the category of paid tutoring.
As Article 3 of the Teachers Law stipulates that the legal status of teachers is "professionals who perform educational and teaching duties", according to the general management requirements for professionals, it is not illegal to take part-time jobs in their spare time as long as they complete their own work in accordance with the regulations.
According to Lao Kaisheng, different countries have different regulations. In countries that define teachers as civil servants, the management of teachers is strict, and teachers are generally not allowed to take part-time jobs. On the contrary, teachers are allowed to take part-time jobs appropriately on the premise of ensuring the completion of their jobs.
However, he stressed: "Generally speaking, part-time jobs for university teachers are less controversial, but for primary and secondary school teachers, part-time jobs are generally not advocated because of their nature of work."
Now, using policies to suppress teachers' part-time jobs, local education departments have begun to try. But is the legal prohibition really effective?
President Jiang believes that Shandong's approach is feasible. "Although it is the legalization of professional ethics, it can reduce the behavior of teachers' paid tutoring after class to a certain extent. Education is not a business, not a temporary business. In the long run, such regulations are conducive to the development of children. "
At the same time, President Jiang believes that such problems are inseparable from the current teacher education and selection system. "Now the selection of teachers, compared to conduct, we pay more attention to education. This is not only a question of teacher style, but also a question of world style. " In her view, education is not only a question of one plus one equals two, but also a subtle influence of teachers' conduct on children.
Professor Wang holds another view. He believes that it is not advisable to deny the rights of teachers as ordinary workers in the market economy just because some teachers do not work hard and violate professional ethics.
Professor Wang suggested that legislators should have a broader vision and broader ideas. "On the one hand, we should respect the rights of in-service teachers as ordinary workers, recognize them as tutors in reasonable extracurricular time, and improve teachers' income and status; On the other hand, we should pay attention to the construction of teachers' morality. For teachers who affect their teaching work because of tutoring, they should be restrained from the moral level and discipline level, and it is not appropriate to completely ban them through legislation. "
Professor Kang Liying believes that blind prohibition is also problematic if a "one size fits all" approach is adopted. "Because the demand for remedial classes itself is objective, if in-service primary and secondary school teachers are restricted from participating in after-school counseling, others will do it, and the effect is still unknown. In this case, restrictions may not be the best choice. "
"My personal opinion is whether the education administrative department can organize the establishment of extracurricular learning counseling stations in the school district to help some children with learning difficulties, which can be charged appropriately, but not for profit. This will not only solve the needs of students, but also cause teachers to delay the main business of teaching and educating people for personal gain. " Kang Liying said.