Mainly manifested in the diversification of higher education structure, school-running system and quality standards.

Structural diversification refers to the connection mode, proportional relationship and interaction mode between various components in the higher education system, as well as the input and output mode and proportional relationship of information and energy between the higher education system and the external environment.

Diversification of school-running system: the development process of higher education in all countries has a common feature, that is, the diversification trend of education. In the past half century, countries have established new higher education institutions, including state-owned and private universities, research universities and teaching universities. Community colleges, open universities, radio and TV universities, continuing education colleges for adults, cross-border joint schools and other educational institutions have infiltrated each other at home and abroad, providing people with more opportunities to receive higher education and meeting various complex needs such as the labor market and equal educational opportunities.

The answer to the second question (on the role of practical teaching reform in cultivating innovative talents);

2. People's quality is a collection of many factors, among which acquired education plays a major role. Colleges and universities should set training objectives according to their own orientation and social needs, and establish the structural framework of students' overall quality training according to this objective. Theoretical teaching plan and practical teaching plan should be an important guarantee to realize students' quality structure. For a long time, under the influence of traditional ideas and school conditions, there is a tendency to despise practical teaching to varying degrees, which is manifested in the reduction of practical teaching hours and the easy passing of practical teaching exams. It is believed that as long as students firmly master the basic theoretical knowledge during their school days, they can complete the cultivation of practical ability in their future work, ignoring the importance of cultivating students' ability to integrate theory with practice and basic practice. The knowledge imparted by teachers in class is often just a kind of spirit in students' minds, and it can only be transformed into material after a "brewing process". In a sense, practical teaching plays the role of "brewing process" and transforms knowledge into ability. This does not mean to weaken theoretical teaching, but to strengthen practical teaching on the basis of ensuring theoretical teaching according to the actual situation. Theoretical teaching and practical teaching complement each other and promote each other. As far as China's national conditions are concerned, economic development urgently needs a group of talents who can transform science and technology into productive forces. These people should not only have a solid theoretical foundation, but also have innovative ideas and abilities. Such talents are also needed in the era of knowledge economy. Practice has proved that practical teaching plays a very important and irreplaceable role in cultivating students' practical ability and innovative ability.

Diversification of quality standards: first, diversification of quality standards at the national level, that is, according to the overall requirements of the state for higher education and the nature and tasks of universities at different levels, types, regions and forms, different standards are put forward for the training quality of senior professionals at all levels. Second, the diversity of quality standards at the professional level is the quality standards that must be achieved for different majors, disciplines and courses according to the requirements of various industries and departments for the training specifications of different levels and types of senior professionals. Thirdly, the diversity of quality standards at the individual level is different regulations on the adaptability of different forms of higher education according to the different conditions and wishes of social members.

3. The direction and conception of curriculum reform in China University.

In research universities, cultivating top-notch innovative talents is the primary goal, and students need to have a reasonable knowledge structure, strong innovation ability and good non-intellectual factors. In teaching and research universities with graduate schools but few national key disciplines and doctoral programs, the main goal is to train senior professionals and top-notch innovative talents, and the curriculum should follow the principle of "graded guidance and classified management". The same is true of the courses in learning universities. Skilled universities aim at cultivating senior professionals, and students need to have certain professional knowledge and strong practical ability.

(B) schools, colleges, teachers and students jointly manage the curriculum.

In basic education, it is necessary to change the state's separate management of courses and implement national, local and school three-level curriculum management; In higher education, it is necessary to change the current situation of monopoly management of courses in schools, delegate management authority to colleges and teachers and students, and schools, colleges, teachers and students perform their respective duties to jointly manage courses. The school mainly manages public courses and some basic courses, and teachers and students are mainly responsible for curriculum design and expansion.

(C) Optimize curriculum and promote curriculum integration

The integration of content, one is to break down the barriers of disciplines and integrate the isolated and closely related knowledge scattered in different disciplines to form a comprehensive course. The second is to break the dominant position of subject courses and combine them with activity courses, comprehensive courses and core courses.

The integration of curriculum structure requires changing the situation and hierarchical structure of public courses, basic courses and professional courses.

4. System construction to promote teachers' professional development

First, improve the evaluation system and teaching quality guarantee system of teachers' teaching, and highlight the academic connotation of teachers' teaching. Under the new academic view of teaching, teachers' teaching is an important part of academic activities, and teaching quality is also an important symbol of their academic level.

Second, establish a new system of teachers' rewards and punishments and promotion to show the significance and value of teaching. The reward and promotion of teachers should not only depend on teachers' scientific research achievements, but also be judged completely and comprehensively from the perspective of combining teaching with scientific research.

Third, implement the system of teachers' professional development to improve teachers' academic life. The system construction of teachers' professional development should be routine, that is, teachers should be encouraged to update their professional academic knowledge in time, master the frontier trends of disciplines, improve their understanding of professional knowledge, and make full professional preparations for generating high-quality teaching. Second, it should be practical, that is, teachers' classroom teaching practice itself should become an important position for teachers to sharpen their academic literacy, improve their teaching level and cultivate practical wisdom. Teachers can learn, communicate and exchange teaching objects, contents, methods and teaching management in various ways, resulting in communication results, which are internalized into personal effective action plans and teaching models. Third, to strengthen research, we should not only encourage teachers to carry out personalized teaching research on their teaching practice, but also create an overall academic culture that attaches importance to teaching and research teaching by establishing institutions such as "teacher development center" and "teaching research center" within universities.