1, the school conditions are backward.

The conditions for running a school are closely related to hardware facilities such as campus culture. According to the data, there are obvious problems in rural primary schools, such as insufficient funds, aging facilities and lack of teachers. The aging of campus hardware facilities will directly limit teaching activities. Due to the lack of funds, compared with urban education, many teaching quality is not satisfactory, such as the lack of multimedia classrooms and computer rooms on campus, and teachers' training will also have problems.

It is true that the professional quality of teachers is closely related to their educational level. If the school lacks a formal teacher training plan, the teaching quality and concept will gradually fall behind. According to the survey, most rural primary school teachers don't understand the knowledge and operation of computer network, and a single teaching model can't guide students' all-round development, which greatly limits the development of teaching level.

2. The number of teachers is insufficient.

The shortage of teachers is the most common situation in rural education at present, but there are many substitute teachers in rural primary schools, and the teaching staff lacks stability. Moreover, there is a problem that one teacher teaches multiple schools in rural primary schools; Rural conditions are difficult and teachers' pay is not very high. Although there are high-quality teachers, it is difficult to work with peace of mind, which leads to the loss of teachers and the increase of substitute teachers.

3. The school teaching concept is backward.

Limited by the rural teaching environment, the teaching staff is obviously aging, with low academic qualifications and lack of professional teachers. At present, rural primary school teachers rely on ordinary theories and educational models for teaching, lacking systematic teaching methods and relying only on what they have learned and shallow experience. Their teaching ideas are not avant-garde and have limitations. In recent years, although primary school teachers are above junior college, they have not reached the professional quality that teachers should have, which restricts the all-round development of students.

4. Lack of campus culture.

At present, rural primary education obviously lacks campus culture construction. Due to the limitations of school conditions, it is impossible to provide students with extracurricular reading materials and there is almost no expansion of extracurricular activities. They just blindly take exams and practice questions mechanically, which seriously restricts the rich teaching life on campus.

Second, the improvement of rural primary education countermeasures

1, increase investment in education.

The conditions of running a school directly affect the educational level of the school. In the urban teaching environment, students have better teaching resources and conditions, while the rural education environment is obviously flawed. Most rural primary schools lack independent libraries, playgrounds and computer rooms. Governments at all levels should give priority to the construction of rural education, strengthen inspection and understand the actual situation of running schools in rural areas.

Solve the problems in rural education in a targeted manner. But once the funds are insufficient, it will lead to the backwardness of teaching environment, hardware environment and price construction. Therefore, governments at all levels should transform the school environment of rural primary schools, provide sufficient funds for rural primary schools to beautify the campus environment, enrich books and materials and necessary instruments for class, reasonably improve the management of funds, and ensure the educational needs of schools.

2. Improve the education system and improve the quality of teachers.

Teachers should constantly update and adapt to the new educational model, which must be paid attention to. Because education affects the future of the country to a great extent, and primary education is its foundation, this goal is particularly important in order to realize the integration of rural primary education and urban education and keep pace with each other.

Teachers' professional quality is also an important factor affecting the improvement of education level, which can not be ignored. Rural primary schools should strictly implement the rules and regulations of primary school teachers' qualifications, actively attract outstanding professional primary school teachers to teach, and strengthen teacher training at the same time; Secondly, improving the treatment level of rural primary school teachers is also a feasible measure to stabilize the teaching staff.

In addition, it is suggested that teachers from urban schools and rural primary schools visit each other regularly to strengthen their cooperation and exchanges, so that rural teachers can learn a brand-new teaching model and make them complement each other.

3. Carry forward campus culture and accelerate education reform.

Campus culture should start from the aspects of school philosophy, school motto, school conditions, school spirit and discipline, and the construction of spiritual culture also affects the development of education level to a certain extent. School construction should have its own characteristics while constantly innovating, and material construction and spiritual construction should go hand in hand. And the reform of teaching curriculum.

At present, the basic knowledge of rural primary school students needs to be improved, and scattered courses are not conducive to students' understanding of knowledge, so comprehensive courses should be set up throughout them. In addition, rural primary schools should make rational use of their own environmental conditions, such as combining education with rural natural scenery or ethnic customs.

Let students practice while learning theoretical knowledge. Reform the teaching curriculum reasonably and scientifically, implement the national education policy, follow the educational development route, and use the advantages to find the teaching curriculum suitable for rural primary schools.