2. The revival process of Roman law.
(1) annotation school of law and the revival of Roman law. In A.D. 1 135, the manuscript of Justinian Theory was discovered in northern Italy, which started the revival of Roman law. The University of Bologna in Italy first began to study Roman law. Scholars used the annotation method popular in medieval western Europe to study Roman law, hence the name "Annotation Law School". The school of annotation law played a pioneering role in the movement of reviving Roman law. They made the study of the National Law Conference a science, helped people to understand and be familiar with Roman law, and laid the foundation for the application of Roman law.
(2) Comment on the new development of law school and the research and application of Roman law. /kloc-In the 4th century, Italy formed a "critical school of law" to study Roman law. The purpose of this school is to combine Roman law with the judicial practice in medieval western Europe, so as to transform the backward feudal local customary law and make the research and application of Roman law have new development. After the revival of Roman law in Italy, it soon spread to major countries in Western Europe.
3. The significance of the revival of Roman law.
First, the application of Roman law has enabled the commodity economy to develop smoothly, and the power of the citizen hierarchy has been continuously strengthened, which has also promoted the strengthening and expansion of kingship and is conducive to the formation of a country with national unity.
Secondly, after the revival of Roman law, with the study of the complete works of national law as the breakthrough and center, jurisprudence flourished, forming a secular class of jurists, changing the situation that the church monks mastered legal knowledge, preparing the conditions for applying Roman law to practice, thus providing a ready-made legal form for the growing capitalist relationship.
Thirdly, the modern natural law theory and the slogan of "everyone is equal before the law" are the main ideological weapons of the anti-feudal struggle of the emerging bourgeoisie in the 17 and 18 centuries. The ideological source of the modern natural law theory is the natural law thought in Roman times and the principle of equal status of free people in private law relations.
(2) The influence of Roman law on later laws (3326)
Question: 2
Roman law has a great influence on the development of legal system in later generations, especially in continental Europe. It is on the basis of fully inheriting Roman law that the civil law system, one of the two major legal systems in the world today, is formed, also known as Roman law system or civil law system.
The relevant private law system of Roman law has been successfully used for reference and developed by bourgeois civil legislation in western Europe.
Many principles and systems in Roman law have also been adopted by the legal system since modern times.
The legislative technology of Roman law has reached a considerable level, with precise concepts, terms and wording, rigorous structure, clear arguments, concise words and profound theories.