The theme I want to talk about today is: the core of family education is to cultivate children's good study habits. The formation of good study habits can make children learn more effectively and absorb knowledge more effectively, which is not only an important habit to cooperate with school education, but also an important habit to benefit children for life.

We say that family is a school of habit and parents are teachers of habit. Good study habits should be developed mainly in the family, and the main educational responsibility lies with our parents. In terms of time, preschool classes and lower grades of primary schools are the best time to develop good study habits.

Today I want to talk about five issues:

1, what are your study habits;

2. Why should we develop good study habits?

3. How to develop good study habits (common law);

4. What study habits and specific measures should be developed;

5. Problems that parents should pay attention to in cultivating study habits;

These five questions are progressive, mainly for parents to understand and accept.

1. What are study habits?

Explaining the habit in the dictionary is a kind of behavior that is gradually developed and difficult to change, that is, a way of behavior.

Learning habits, in short, are formed and developed through repeated practice in the learning process, and become a behavior pattern that individuals need and learn automatically. So, what is the automatic behavior in the sense of learning?

For example, 1: It's like when we learn to ride a bike, we are afraid to get on the bus at first, and then we dare to get on the bus, wobbling. Even if there is, I dare not look away or talk to others. But after a long time, cycling has become a very comfortable thing. We can also hold the handlebar with one hand and chat while riding. After a period of practice, all the movements of cycling have formed an organic whole and become an automatic behavior. In fact, it is "habit becomes nature."

In short, the study habit is to constantly link all the behaviors in learning, thus becoming an individual's need for learning and a personal lifestyle.

Second, why should we develop good study habits?

Parents know that good habits are very important, but how powerful are habits? Here I will talk about the principle of "path dependence". This principle stems from a scientific question: Why is the rocket propulsion width of the American space shuttle only 143 cm? Why this width? It turns out that its width was actually determined by the width of two horses' buttocks more than two thousand years ago! Specifically, this width is determined by the following steps: the width of two horses' buttocks → the track of Roman chariots → the track of British roads → the track of trams → the track of railways → then the tunnel is a little wider than the railway → and finally the current width of rocket propulsion.

The enlightenment of "path dependence" is that the behavior pattern of childhood will lay the future life path, so we should find the right direction-behavior habits from the beginning.

Example 1: 1978, 75 nobel prize winners met in Paris. A reporter asked one of the winners, "What do you think is the most important thing you learned in that lab?" The old professor replied, "In kindergarten." "What did you learn in kindergarten?" "Give your half to your friends; Don't take things that are not your own; Things should be placed neatly; Wash your hands before meals and rest after lunch; Think and learn more; Observe nature carefully ... basically that's what I learned. " His answer represents the general view of the participating scientists, who believe that the most important thing is the good habits cultivated in kindergartens. Lifelong achievements are cultivated in childhood.

Example 2: Japanese psychologists investigated the study habits of students from grade four in primary school to grade three in senior high school. The results show that the scores of students' study habits do not increase with their age. Learning habits are really formed in the lower grades of primary school. If we don't give special education (encouragement and correction) in the future, it is difficult to improve the habits formed. Therefore, it is very important to cultivate children's good study habits this morning. The younger a child is, the easier it is to form good study habits and consolidate them. The sooner you find bad study habits, the easier it is to correct them. 3- 12 years old is the best time to form good habits. Habits are not naturally formed when they grow up.

This shows how important it is for parents to help their children form good study habits in preschool and lower grades!

In my personal experience, it is to meet the right person at the right time and do the right thing through on-demand and guidance, that is, to help children form good study habits, thus laying the foundation for their success.

3. How to develop good study habits (common law)?

(1) Any process of forming good study habits goes through three stages and steps. Please refer to the following table:

stage

Experience time

Stage characteristics

Implementation steps

Matters needing attention

First stage

Constraint stage

A week or two.

Modify and restrain behavior, then people will feel very uncomfortable and even difficult to adapt.

Determine the habits that need to be formed (the goal should be specific).

Behavioral habits need to be refined into something that can be evaluated immediately.

stage Ⅱ

adaptive phase

Three to five weeks.

Intentionally persist, but the psychology has basically adapted, and it is not difficult to persist. However, this stage is the easiest to give up halfway.

Implement cultivation.

1 to 15 days (constraint), 16 days to 50 days (adaptation), 5 1 day to 150 days (natural).

The third stage

Natural stage

Three to four months.

Consolidate the achievements of the first and second stages and turn adaptation into a person's conscious behavior.

Parents help their children evaluate the results.

Let children learn to evaluate the results of their habits. Check regularly, make a timetable if necessary, and write an encouraging comment to your child after each stage.

This table describes the common law of each habit for parents. In order to make parents understand, I will give them a real example-to cultivate children's good habit of "time concept":

stage

Experience time

Behavior development

affect

First stage

Constraint stage

A week or two.

Use a timer when you do your homework.

Parental supervision and implementation

stage Ⅱ

adaptive phase

Three to five weeks.

Children use their own timers (homework, games, etc. ).

Parents occasionally urge

The third stage

Natural stage

Three to four months.

Children not only consciously use timers, but also actively plan time.

Do the master of time

Experts remind that the formation of good habits requires repeated practice and considerable persistence. Without specific requirements and correct methods, it is impossible to cultivate children's good habits. In other words, strict training and strict requirements are necessary to cultivate children's good habits. Not being strict and not knowing how to be strict are the main problems of parents.

(2) Any good study habit should follow the "two combinations".

1, combined with family life.

Habits are various, such as living habits, work habits, exercise habits and so on. And the study habits are also very specific, such as review habits, preview habits, listening habits, answering habits and so on. We say that family is a school of habit and parents are teachers of habit. Family education is a part of family life and an environment for children to form all kinds of good habits and bad habits.

Moreover, children's study life is a part of their whole life. Children's study habits are part of their living habits. Living habits and study habits permeate and influence each other. We can't just pay attention to children's study habits and ignore their living habits. A child with a lazy life will not have a sense of responsibility for learning; A child who does not respect his parents will not respect his teachers and classmates; Children who procrastinate will not pursue learning efficiency. To this end, we must cultivate children's behavior habits in all aspects in family life.

Example 1: I have seen such a family. The sofa in the corner is quite big, and the TV is in front. The children are playing and sleeping on the sofa, but they just can't sit still after school. At that time, we gave a hint: a small chair-a small table like kindergarten-a writing desk and chair.

Example 2: Chen Kaige (now a student of Nanjing University) traveled to Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan with us in the fifth grade. In the tourist area, he put candy paper and snot paper in his pants pocket, ready to throw them where there is a trash can. This is a sense of responsibility for environmental protection.

Example 3: Set bowls and chopsticks, take charge of toilet paper and toothpaste, and tidy doormats.

Example 4: Vivi cleans up the colorful stars on the old honor roll for the class.

Good conduct and habits in life will eventually improve a person's comprehensive quality, which we should not underestimate. Quality is inseparable. Habit is the inheritance of family life, and parents are influencing it intentionally or unintentionally. Moreover, looking at the formation of children's good habits and bad habits, the formation of bad habits is always easier than good habits.

2. It should be combined with correcting children's bad habits.

Good habits depend on shaping, that is, cultivating education; Bad habits depend on correction. We said we couldn't stand it if we didn't break it. In correcting bad habits, good habits will naturally "retreat to the enemy and advance to me." It is normal for children to form bad habits at home at first. The process of children's growth is the process of forming good habits and gradually overcoming bad habits. Good habits, the sooner you cultivate, the better; The sooner you correct bad habits, the better.

Example 1: A fifth-grade primary school girl "Who's here?" "Who fired the gun?" "Now the music is played four times"-bad habit; When the child is young, no matter what the child does, this kind of hug and kiss affects the formation of the child's attention-reason; Later, we agreed that children should not talk to her while learning attention, and others should not learn time to visit-countermeasures.

Example 2: Because parents always interrupt children's conversation, children's thinking is discontinuous, and it is easy to play while learning, so parents should pay attention to listening.

Example 3: Parents nag repeatedly, the teacher only says it once, and parents should train their children to listen.

From the above example, any bad habit of children comes from family life more or less because of our parents' carelessness and lack of scientific methods and advanced educational concepts. So I'm here to talk about how I corrected my child's bad habit of dawdling:

My child has a bad habit of dawdling at the beginning of school. Dressing dawdles in the morning, and the teacher says that packing is slower than others. Let me reflect first: children's procrastination means that I usually help more, replace more, train less, advise more and nag more. So I set myself some measures:

(1) Reduce exhortation and nagging to children;

(2) reduce the reminder and supervision between husband and wife;

Let the children put the things they want to bring the next day into their schoolbags one by one after studying every night;

4 put the clothes off before going to bed (fold them yourself and put them away) and wear them quickly the next day;

⑤ I insist that children think about tomorrow's school tools before going to bed to prevent forgetting to write a tape;

⑥ Start to check with your child behind your back (quietly);

⑦ Wear socks in the competition and exercise to pack up the schoolbag;

Watch TV and set the time (buy a timer).

Revelation: A good way to help children correct bad habits is to stop urging, insist on praise, think of a good way and stick to it! If the child does, he will be given a small red flower, and 20 flowers can satisfy one wish (try not to use material rewards), which can be to go to the book building to read books, feed seagulls at the seaside, and hold his mother to tell stories.

Parents should pay attention here: follow the principle of no mistakes. That is, when bad behavior occurs, we should not only pay attention to the bad behavior itself, but also pay attention to the causes of bad behavior; Don't aim at children, analyze the reasons, especially parents. Parents should carefully observe, comprehensively analyze things, patiently educate and cultivate their children.

In the education and cultivation of children's behavior habits, the most important thing is that parents should insist on developmental evaluation of their children. Parents should know the realistic starting point of children's behavior habits and the progress of children at their own starting point. From one meter long to one meter five is development, and it is absolutely impossible to ask for the height of Yao Ming, who is 2.35 meters. When children make progress, it is necessary to analyze the reasons for progress in order to further improve educational methods and measures.

4. What kind of study habits and specific measures should be developed.

This part should be what parents are particularly willing to listen to. There is a simple reason. Parents are particularly willing to learn from the actual practices and "transplant" these practices to their children in order to achieve good results quickly. However, in the process of "transplantation", you should pay special attention to it, and combine it with your child's reality and persist for a long time to have an effect. I want to tell my parents the following ten specific study habits:

1, the habit of making a study plan and finishing it carefully-details

2, the habit of preview and review

3. The habit of carefully checking homework and sorting out wrong problem sets-talk about it in detail

4. The habit of actively answering questions and asking questions

5. The habit of helping classmates study

6, the habit of reading a lot of books and magazines-detailed

7. Develop the habit of reading aloud.

8. The habit of writing carefully

9. The habit of reading textbooks slowly

10, the habit of writing homework and taking notes should be standardized.

Due to the limited time, I will explain three of the ten good study habits in detail for parents, and there are a lot of concrete examples, and list the very detailed operation steps, which is feasible and operable.

The habit of making a study plan and completing it carefully (detailed)

(1) Specific operation method: It is best to use a piece of paper, one page per week for each subject.

For example, math: fold the paper in half and write down the topic-math (* month * day-* month * day).

Monday: 1, review what you learned that day; (a) Recall what the teacher said in class, and (b) Read the textbook.

2. do your homework;

3. Check your homework by yourself; (Rethinking and summarizing the lessons you have done)

4, sorting out the wrong set of questions; (You can let the children tell their parents)

5. Preview new lessons. Preview what you will say the next day.

……

Saturday: 1, review what you have learned for a week (read through the textbook);

2. Review a week's homework (including exams);

3. misread the problem set;

4. Choose extracurricular questions similar to the wrong questions; (targeted)

5. You can also conduct comprehensive tests by yourself (not once a week).

6. Preview what you have learned next week

Sunday: Recall the main problems in math study last week. (just for Monday's review and test)

Of course, if children are serious on Saturday, they can not do it on Sunday, and give them time for extracurricular reading, activities, entertainment and play.

(2) operational skills.

1. In the left margin in the lower right corner, parents wrote encouraging comments and posted "Little Red Flower". (simply draw small red flowers to avoid distractions; Don't use stickers to distract attention; Praise and encouragement should be specific. Don't write such disguised criticism as "I hope to improve in some way", but give concrete help. )

2. Let the children put a red tick on the serial number every time they finish an item.

3, it can be an item, a certain timing.

(3) Pay attention to the planning and arrangement of English subjects.

Facts have proved that many children who are good at science are not necessarily good at English, while children who are good at English are also good at other subjects. Because of the special reasons of learning English, there is no language environment in class, so we must read more and speak more. English can best cultivate children's non-intellectual factors, conscious learning ability and good self-control ability. Therefore, it is necessary to form a solid English learning habit in the lower grades of primary school. For example:

1, finish the day's homework

2. Read Lesson 8 five times (new lesson)

Dictate the words in Lesson 8 (spell them orally and translate them from Chinese into English)

4. Read the text from 1 to lesson 3 three times.

5. Read the text of Lesson 4-7 three times.

6. Listen from lesson 1 to lesson 3 1 times.

Generally speaking, there are many English contents, and the homework includes texts, words, phrases, reciting, dictation, listening and testing. )

In particular, I suggest you pay attention to:

1. Don't cover all the forms in one day, but cross them in one week.

2. If the English plan cannot be implemented due to other special learning reasons, you must insist on reading the text aloud.

3, adhere to the method of snowballing with new things.

If your child is having an English class outside, you should also make a request. It is wrong for some parents to pay attention to extra-curricular learning but not to the norms. The rules of on-campus learning and off-campus learning are the same. It is not easy to form good habits, but bad habits form quickly. In off-campus study, if you don't review and preview, such a learning attitude will inevitably affect on-campus study.

For example, there is a boy who is now a sophomore. Starting from junior high school, the focus of the municipal examination is similar, the senior high school entrance examination is similar, and the college entrance examination is similar. His father is busy with work and agrees to take extra-curricular classes. He has been attending extracurricular classes since the third grade of primary school. He thinks:

Children who have not started school have learned it once;

(2) start the quasi-examination, in order to give children confidence.

His point of view is quite right, but he didn't make a plan and didn't follow the procedure. So his children are always good, but the breakthrough is almost the same. Because of habit, habit limits ability. Some people say that adding 20 points to the senior high school entrance examination is the result of the college entrance examination. In fact, this is not the case. Children can't break through because they don't follow scientific learning procedures.

(4) Problems that should be paid attention to when making a study plan.

1, the more specific the plan, the better.

2, strict requirements for children to complete the plan (strict is to encourage children to complete).

3, the plan is not as good as change, and can be adjusted from reality. What is not finished this week can be put off for next week. B. Because one subject is temporary, other courses can be reduced (time is limited). C. due to activities, try to finish ahead of time, if it is really not possible, make up later. This is to cultivate the habit of "learning first".

4. Less is better than less, but better.

Write a page on red paper every week. This will reduce the pressure on children. At the same time, it is used to save it in a folder, so that children can see their achievements and enhance their self-confidence. Let the children have a look in a few days, and parents express their heartfelt happiness with appreciation and encouragement.

6. Immediate encouragement and one-week encouragement.

The habit of preview and review.

(A) preview habits

Importance: Preview is an important way to save time and improve efficiency. Good preview can not only improve the quality of lectures, but also save review and homework time. ※. Especially for children with learning difficulties. The most effective way to change the backward state of children with poor learning is to focus on making up the basic knowledge needed in the new curriculum under the condition of weak preparation foundation, clear the obstacles in the classroom and turn passivity into initiative.

For example, Wang Zhiyun in our class has a good grade in junior high school graduation, but he is too tired of the progress of mathematics and physics courses in senior high school because he has no good habit of previewing. He teaches new lessons almost every day, and it is inevitable that he will collapse. He should preview in advance to clear the way for his study. The same is true when moving to primary school. Pinyin, word formation, sentence formation, etc. should be previewed in advance and prepared.

Preview can prepare children for class. Through preview, let children have a preliminary impression of the textbook, which can be understood, which can not be understood, and which have doubts, so that they can listen to the class with questions, focus on the questions they don't understand, and improve the quality of listening.

Preview exercise: ※:

1. Preview is divided into semester preview, weekly preview and daily preview.

You don't need to be too careful when previewing, as long as you have a general understanding of the new lesson. The common method is to read through the text and try to answer the questions in the textbook. (No exact answer is required)

Language: (1) Read through the text.

(2) there are good words.

(3) Analyze the text and answer the questions after the book.

(4) summarize the central idea

Mathematics: (1) Read through the textbook.

(2) Try to do examples and exercises.

3. At the beginning of the lower grade, just after reading the text, too much will affect the children's enthusiasm for previewing.

I don't know what to do when I find new problems. -Do you need to buy Chinese complete definitions or Chinese reference books? This kind of book doesn't need to look up the dictionary, and the central idea is ready-made, but the language ability is poor! So if the teacher doesn't ask, try not to buy it.

When my child was in the fifth grade, he told me that all the students in his class had a Chinese teaching reference book, so that they could quickly complete the small paper on the character understanding and central idea of each lesson book left by the teacher, but I didn't buy it for him. In the sixth grade, due to the tight curriculum, the teacher asked for one and had to buy it.

(2) Review habits

Review is to consolidate memory and deepen understanding. The content of study in class becomes 60% after one day and as little as 30% on the third day. Review the past and learn the new! (Show Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve)

1. approval type: (1) timely approval on the same day;

(2) Weekly review;

Example: In the second and third grades, Xiaomiao got 92 points in mathematics for the first time, but the three-digit addition and subtraction digits were wrong, because she didn't review in time and weekly.

(3) Monthly review (the content of review is more than that of weekly review);

(4) Mid-term review and final review;

2. Preparation of review materials: (1) textbooks; (2) homework; (3) Articles; (4) wrong questions;

3. Review steps: (1) Recall first; (2) Read again; (3) Correcting mistakes afterwards; (4) we should also carefully look at the right big problems;

Comprehensive questions are typical, traditional, comprehensive and error-prone, and every test paper has comprehensive questions!

4. Diversity of primary school students' review: mobilizing eyes, ears, mouth, hands, brain, listening, speaking, reading, writing and thinking.

Example: "from" and "Ming".

Parents can take an active part, it is impossible without their help.

Reminder: a. Borrow new semester textbooks in advance at the end of the term; B. keep the old textbooks, the higher the better. Lend it to others, but be sure to get it back.

6. Review several taboos:

(1) Avoid unplanned review and get cold feet before the exam.

(2) Don't be greedy for a moment, and use power on average.

(3) It is forbidden to abuse "teaching AIDS" and fight "naval battles". (Some parents bought teaching AIDS and left them for their children. In fact, this is the most stupid and lazy way to make children tired of learning or stupid. We should use teaching AIDS to correct wrong questions and consolidate key and difficult points. )

④ Taboo methods are monotonous and blindly optimistic, and should be diversified.

5. Avoid overwork.

6. Don't gamble on guessing questions. Consolidate knowledge and cultivate ability.

Finally, let me talk about the procedures and methods of stage review:

1, theme preparation, clear the central content.

Step 2: Time to prepare

3, material preparation (textbooks, homework, papers, tests, teaching AIDS, wrong questions)

4. Recall before reading.

Third, carefully check the homework and sort out the habit of wrong problem sets.

(1) Steps to do homework:

Try to stick to four steps when you finish your homework at home: 1, read a book first; 2. Post-operation; 3. Check carefully; 4. Correct the mistake again.

The children have a deep memory of what they just learned at school. Teachers help on the spot, and students discuss it at any time, but when they get home, it's different. Maybe the first class in the morning is math. It's been eight or nine hours, and memory and understanding may fade.

The first step to finish homework at home is to read the textbook. Open the textbook, it is easy for children to form conditional emission and enter the classroom situation, which is convenient for concentration. If you remember it before reading, the quality of your homework will be higher. Because the knowledge has been previewed, the teacher just said in class that if the book is opened directly, some children's minds have no initiative to think, and all knowledge is just a mechanical copy like looking in the mirror. Remember the main points of knowledge learned today before closing the book. When the brain enters an active state of thinking, the learning efficiency is the highest. Accumulate over time to form habits and excellent learning quality, that is, quality.

Why can't many children do this?

1, parents ignore the importance of reading textbooks and the cultivation of study habits-from the first grade of primary school, everything is done right without reading textbooks;

2, almost finished, children are still watching TV, adults are also relaxing;

Children are changing from kindergarten to primary school. Parents have not changed, and they still stay in the habit of children going to kindergarten.

Parents didn't realize the importance of cultivating study habits, missed the best period, and paternalized behind their children instead of walking in front of them.

As a result, with the growth of grade, children's homework mistakes are not only increasing, but also learning problems are reflected one by one. Of course, there are objective reasons for children's heavy homework burden, which is the main reason for middle and high grades.

If you are in the lower grade of primary school, you'd better read a book before you start helping your children with their homework. If the child is in the middle and senior grades, it is best to start with a certain subject and then add subjects after consolidation.

There is also accompanying reading. In the process of implementing this first step, we need to demonstrate, urge, remind and encourage.

(2) Check homework and correct mistakes.

Reading before doing homework is the first step of homework. Check carefully and correct mistakes is the second step of homework.

After the child finishes his homework, the parents check it, and if there are any mistakes, ask the child to correct it and sign it. The most common process at this time is not conducive to the cultivation of children's learning ability. I suggest you try the following methods:

1, let the children check for themselves first, no problem, parents will check again;

2, children and parents check at the same time, without saying anything about finding mistakes. After the inspection, the two will check each other. Pay special attention to "the child said nothing", and finally the child said it. You should actively encourage and cultivate careful habits and the ability to find mistakes.

For example, when Vivi was in the fifth grade, the head teacher Gao told me: The invigilator found that when Vivi was taking a math test, you kept checking after you finished it! Later, when I asked, the child said that he had checked it three times and didn't miss every question. The final score is of course 100. The same is true of the sixth grade monthly exam. He told me that I found a wrong oral arithmetic problem at the last 10 second, almost!

3. Parents can tell their children a range instead of telling them directly. For example, what kind of questions, or this question in the "first three questions" ... expand the scope of children's exams and sense of accomplishment. Let children also tell parents that parents can pretend not to find out, which can also enhance children's confidence and the fun of inspection, but this method can not be used often.

4, gradually open, determine one or two days a week as the "parent exemption day". Even if the teacher finds mistakes after handing in homework, don't blame the children, but also praise and encourage them. After all, it is inevitable for children to learn independently. We should also see that children's good study habits and excellent psychological quality are taking shape. The responsibility of children to learn by themselves is far more important than the mistakes in homework.