Vocational schools need to strengthen entrepreneurship education, educate students to be willing to start a business, dare to start a business, learn to start a business, and use flexible and diverse educational methods to cultivate entrepreneurial awareness, cultivate entrepreneurial quality, learn entrepreneurial knowledge and form entrepreneurial ability. How to cultivate their entrepreneurial ability? This paper expounds the composition of entrepreneurial spirit and ability in entrepreneurship education, and puts forward some effective ways to cultivate entrepreneurial spirit and ability.

Keywords: innovative spirit, an effective way of entrepreneurial ability

China Library ClassificationNo.: G7 12 Document ID: A DocumentNo.:1672-3791(2012) 06 (a)-0242-01.

In recent years, with the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, vocational education in China has developed rapidly, and the number of students and graduates in vocational schools has increased year by year. However, the jobs created by China's annual economic development cannot meet the needs of graduates, and the employment situation of graduates is grim. The contradiction of "more people and fewer posts" cannot be solved at once. How secondary vocational school students adapt to this new situation is a new problem faced by secondary vocational schools. In my opinion, it is very important to carry out innovative education for secondary vocational school students and strengthen the cultivation of entrepreneurial ability, so that they can have certain entrepreneurial quality and ability at school and lay a good foundation for future employment and entrepreneurship. So, how to cultivate their entrepreneurial ability?

1 Composition of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial spirit, as its name implies, is the spirit that dares to start a new career and can work hard for it. Entrepreneurial spirit includes the following factors in its structure.

1. 1 entrepreneurial consciousness

Entrepreneurship consciousness refers to people's conscious and dynamic response to the objective world of entrepreneurship. As an entrepreneur of secondary vocational school students, we should dare to take entrepreneurial risks and learn to control them scientifically. We should be courageous and knowledgeable, and we should be able to constantly ask questions, analyze and solve problems in the process of starting a business, so as to promote the process of starting a business.

1.2 entrepreneurial interest

Entrepreneurial interest is an important driving force for people to engage in entrepreneurial practice, which is sublimated from entrepreneurial awareness and entrepreneurial interest and fun in entrepreneurial ideological activities. For secondary vocational school students, entrepreneurial interest can make them form a concentrated and profound professional interest, expand a wide range of extracurricular activities, establish a strong social interest and stimulate lasting interest in life, so as to complete their studies wholeheartedly and creatively and lay a solid foundation for future entrepreneurial plans.

1.3 Entrepreneurial personality

Entrepreneur personality refers to the personality quality closely related to entrepreneur activities. By analyzing the personality traits of a large number of successful entrepreneurs, we find that: first, curiosity. Second, rich imagination, rich imagination. The third is challenging. The fourth is adventure.

1.4 Entrepreneurship Ethics

Entrepreneur ethics is also an indispensable part of entrepreneurship. It plays a guiding and regulating role in the entrepreneurial spirit structure. Mainly manifested as diligence, hard work, kindness, faith, ideals and dedication.

2 Effective ways to cultivate students' entrepreneurial spirit and ability

2. 1 Develop innovative education to stimulate students' entrepreneurial interest.

Innovative education refers to the education to cultivate students' innovative ability through innovative educational and teaching activities. It is a knowledge-intensive and intelligent economy based on innovative knowledge, and its core lies in innovation. Carrying out entrepreneurship education in secondary vocational schools is conducive to improving the entrepreneurial ability of secondary vocational students. Entrepreneurial interest can promote people to actively find ways to start businesses and strive to achieve their goals, so it plays an important role in entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurship is a process of combining continuous learning with school education. Its significance lies not only in establishing several successful student companies, but also in enabling students to comprehensively improve their professional quality through entrepreneurship. Secondary vocational schools can offer the course "Guide to Small Business Entrepreneurship", and qualified schools can organize the compilation of a series of small business entrepreneurship books such as "Guide to Small Restaurant Entrepreneurship" and "Guide to Small Clothing Store Entrepreneurship" as extracurricular self-study materials for students to improve their entrepreneurial ability and stimulate their entrepreneurial interest. When implementing innovation and entrepreneurship education, we should pay attention to combining the psychological characteristics and knowledge level of secondary vocational school students. Conditional schools can offer 1 ~ 2 innovation or entrepreneurship courses every week by carrying out various extracurricular activities and second classes to cultivate students' innovation ability and entrepreneurial interest. They can set up various interest groups, organize various subject competitions and skill competitions, conduct business planning competitions, lead students to participate in social practice and conduct social surveys. Visit various exhibitions, etc. , let students according to their own personality characteristics and hobbies and their own professional level, clear their own entrepreneurial direction, and constantly stimulate their entrepreneurial interest.

2.2 Strengthen practical teaching and impart entrepreneurial skills.

Students trained in secondary vocational schools should be skilled and skilled workers. Teaching should fundamentally change the traditional teaching system of subject theory. Through continuous exploration and research, the classroom-centered teaching has been changed to the market-centered teaching, focusing on practical teaching, so that students can practice in the production training base, receive exercise in practice and be tempered in practice. Students are students in the classroom and become hairdressers, beauticians, drivers, tour guides, accountants and so on in the production training base. Through specific practical activities, cultivate students' ability to adapt to the needs of social development. If students want to understand the basic knowledge more thoroughly and master the operation skills more comprehensively, they must practice. Instructors should consciously arrange students to participate in the whole process of various practical activities, guide students to pay attention to each production link, guide practice with what they have learned, accept tests in practice, and correct and solve problems in time when they find them. In addition, we can boldly reform the traditional education mode and adopt "all-environment entrepreneurship education" to change school education from teacher-oriented, classroom-oriented and book-oriented to student-oriented, practice-oriented and ability-oriented, and encourage students to participate more in social practice. The "ideas" or projects of students' entrepreneurship do not simply come from "inspiration", but from their careful observation and in-depth understanding of the market, technology and social life. This requires students to have more contact with society and participate in various forms of social practice. Only in this way can students' entrepreneurial skills be improved, students can understand the needs of society and market, and they can choose suitable entrepreneurial projects and improve the success rate of entrepreneurship.

2.3 to cultivate students' entrepreneurial spirit, so that they have a healthy psychological quality.

First of all, we should educate and guide students to enhance their innovative consciousness and entrepreneurial spirit, and rely on knowledge, wisdom and courage to start a career that can give full play to their personal specialties.

Secondly, educate and guide students to fully understand the profound meaning of entrepreneurship. Let students realize that cultivating high-quality innovative talents is a brand-new educational model in China. At the same time, let students understand that self-employment is not a hot-headed "going into the sea", nor is it an ordinary professional competition or scientific research design. Instead, students are required to combine their own professional expertise, make their own innovative achievements according to market prospects and social needs, and turn the research results into products, create considerable economic benefits, and change from knowledge owners to entrepreneurs who create value for society. The cultivation of entrepreneurial spirit is not limited to the cultivation of self-entrepreneurship awareness, but more importantly, the cultivation of social entrepreneurship awareness. The understanding of entrepreneurship should be: entrepreneurship is a kind of spirit, a kind of consciousness and a kind of quality; Entrepreneurship is not an individual behavior, but cooperation and example; Therefore, we should educate students with the spirit of self-improvement, self-reliance, self-confidence and independence, and truly understand that starting a business must stand up to grievances and pressures, so that they can gradually develop healthy psychological qualities of tenacity, self-confidence, honesty and trustworthiness, no arrogance and no failure.

As a concept of quality education, entrepreneurship education can reflect the development trend of vocational school education. In entrepreneurship education, based on long-term experience, the United States has trained a large number of talents with innovative and entrepreneurial abilities. We should learn from the experience of American entrepreneurship education and combine the current situation of China's education to explore and effectively formulate ways that are in line with the development of China's entrepreneurship education, improve students' comprehensive quality and ability, and cultivate and motivate students' entrepreneurial spirit. Therefore, as a school how to adapt to the characteristics of the times and market demand, focusing on cultivating students' innovative spirit and entrepreneurial ability, carrying out entrepreneurship education and teaching students to start businesses is in line with China's economic system reform and national conditions, and is an important measure of higher education reform.

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