China Music History Music Common Sense 1. What is the content of music history and music common sense (specific)
Music history includes China music history, China ancient music history, China modern music history, China contemporary music history and western music history. Music common sense includes music culture common sense and music theory common sense, including sound value combination method, common terminology judgment, interval * * * judgment and writing, and continuous writing of music score.
Judge the mode tonality. Common sense of music culture includes 1. What is music?
2. What is music and noise?
3. What is pitch?
4. What is the range of tones used in music?
5. What are sound names and volume names?
6. What is a sound train? How are syllables grouped?
7. Which sound is the standard sound?
8. What is the overall tone? What is semitone?
9. What is natural sound? What do you mean by tone change?
What is scale?
1 1. What is notation?
12, what is the notation?
What is a staff?
14, what is a serenade?
15, what is a polka?
16, what is Mazuka?
17, what is a minuet?
18, what is a waltz?
What is the school song?
20. Allegro ... What do you mean?
2 1, what is habanella?
22. What is a vocal divertimento?
2. Music common sense
First, the teaching plan design should focus on several aspects: 1, teaching material analysis.
2. Teaching objectives. 3. Emphasis and difficulty in teaching.
4. Teaching process and methods. Fill in the blanks (0.5 points for each question, 30 points for 60 questions).
1, formerly known as National Anthem of the People's Republic of China. 1949 the first plenary session of China people's political consultative conference is designated as.
This work was completed by 1935. On February 4th, 65438, the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress was officially designated as the national anthem.
2. There is nearly one work by Xian Xinghai, a people musician. Among them, the representative songs are:,, and so on.
The chorus songs are:,, and so on. Symphony works include:,, and so on.
3. The Spring Festival Overture is the first movement in the Spring Festival Suite, a symphony by a famous composer in China. 4. The violin concerto "Butterfly Lovers" was written by the author and completed on 1959.
5, China's first new opera is. 6. The story of Mulan in Henan Opera is set in the Northern and Southern Dynasties.
The plot is the story of the heroine Hua Mulan disguised as a man, joined the army for her father and defended her country. Later, it was adapted into Henan Opera, also known as Henan Opera.
7. A Dream of Red Mansions, a Shaoxing opera, was adapted by novelists in Qing Dynasty according to the main plots in literary works of the same name. 8. The opera "The Wedding of Little Erhei" eulogized the story of the militia captain Erhei and the village girl Qin Xiao fighting for a free marriage.
This plot describes a base area in the province. 9. The formation of China's national quintessence Peking Opera can be basically divided into three stages. The first stage is the entry of Huizhou class into Beijing in. The second stage is that the Han dynasty moved its capital to Beijing in 1820; Since then, the two have combined with each other, then kneaded into Kunqu opera, and finally formed Peking Opera around 2000.
10, Beethoven, a great German musician, wrote a symphony all his life. Because of its profound connotation and exquisite skills, it is praised as a musical saint by the world. The most famous ones are: No.3, No.5, No.6 and No.9..
John and Strauss (young) are famous composers. He wrote more than 120 waltzes, such as,,, and so on. So he is called. 12 An Austrian composer, who is regarded as the father of symphonies by the world, wrote his first symphony in his life.
Schubert is a famous composer. He wrote many symphonies in his life. What is particularly commendable is that he also wrote more than 600 art songs in his life.
His representative works are:,,, and so on. 14, the famous operas The Clown and Aida are both written by Italian composers who have made outstanding achievements in the field of opera creation.
The famous opera Carmen is a classic of French composers. Russian composer Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky not only created many famous symphonic music, but also created three classic dance dramas.
They are:,,. Chopin, a famous Polish composer, created a lot of excellent piano works in his short life.
Including:,,, and other genres of works, deeply loved by people all over the world, known as. 18 and "Allegro Very Fast" are expressed in the process of music.
19 and "Lento" are expressed in the process of music. 20. "Weak voice" is expressed in music.
2 1 and "the strongest" are expressed in music. 22. There are two commonly used single beats, one is.
23. There are two kinds of commonly used complex beats, one is. Third, multiple-choice questions (65438+ 0 points per question, 30 questions, a total of 30 points).
1, the "adagio" in musical terms. A, slow b, extremely slow c, slow 2, "Largo" in musical terms.
A, slow b, slow c, slow 3. Allegro in musical terms. A, faster b, faster c, faster 4. The musical term "Mezzoforte" means.
A, strong B, very strong C, medium strong 5. "A beat" in music terminology. A, slower than the original speed b, at the original speed c, restore the original speed 6, the meaning of the musical term "Vivace".
A, swift and violent B, lively C, cheerful 7. Yue Opera originated in Sheng County of this province. A, Fujian b, Guangdong c, Zhejiang 8. The opera Honghu Red Guards describes the story of a local red guard who fought against the reactionaries and won under the leadership of the Party during the Agrarian Revolutionary War.
The story happened in the province. A, Jiangxi b, Sichuan c, Hubei 9. Pingju originated in the east of Hebei Province.
A, Gansu b, Liaoning c, Hebei 10 chromatic system refers to. A, the distance between two tones b, the relationship between two tones c, the distance between two adjacent tones 1 1, and tone sandhi in the musical system refer to both.
A, there is no fixed name grade B, grade C with inflection marks, grade 12 with ascending and descending marks, and the tonic in the music system refers to. A, the tonic b in the scale, the tonic c in the music, the first sound in the scale 13, and the minor in China folk songs refer to.
A, minor structure B, short work C, local ditty 14, Xintianyou, which is popular in northern Shaanxi and other places, belongs to the category of folk songs. A, B in minor, chanting C, folk song 15, with two sounds successively.
A, decompose *** B, decompose C, melody sound 16, adopt the fixed roll call method, and the seventh sound of the scale in G major is F-sharp, which is composed of. A, Mode Structure B, Form Structure C, Work Need 17, The Sound of Music is adapted from the musical of the same name, and the plot tells the story between a governess who can sing and dance and a retired military officer and their children.
This is a new musical feature film. A, Britain, Austria, C, the United States 18, the modern understanding of "concerto" is.
A, a group of musical instruments play with the band b, two groups of musical instruments play with each other c, and one musical instrument plays with the band 19. La Traviata is a three-act opera adapted from the novel of the same name by the French writer Dumas, and it is the work of a famous Italian composer in the19th century. A, Rossini B, Verdi C, Puccini 20 The famous Ninth Symphony, also known as From the New World, is the composer's immortal work.
A, Smetana B, dvorak C, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky 2 1, Song of Sulwig is a song sung by the heroine in the famous poetic drama Pergent while spinning in front of the hut. The author is.
A grieg b ravel c Schubert 22. China's modern opera Regret for the Past was adapted from Lu Xun's novel of the same name and premiered in Beijing on 1982. His works were created by famous musicians in China. A, Xu Peidong B, Gu Jianfen C, Shi Guangnan 23. The famous orchestral suite "Picture Exhibition" is the work of one of the members of Russian "Power School".
Who can tell me some common sense about music?
The five tones in ancient China are: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Zheng and Yu.
Now these seven sounds are: DO, re, MI, FA, SOL, LA, SI.
China's pentatonic scale comes from the principle of "five-degree generation", which is calculated according to the vibration of the length of the strings, that is, taking C (palace) as the root sound, it is calculated 5 degrees upwards, and the order is C (palace) -G (sign) -D (quotient) -A (feather) -E (angle). It is not harmonious to increase 5 degrees from B to F. Later, some mathematicians (remember) The six-tone scale is a sixth tone added to the five-tone scale, which consists of four tones: F (angular clarity), F-sharp (inflectional), B-flat (leap) and B-variable. Seven tones have also been added to two of these four tones, but after adding them, they all have their own tone names: Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qing Jiao, Zheng, Yu and Bian Gong. Palace, business, horn, sign change, sign, feather and palace change are called elegant music; Gong, Shang, Jiao, Qing, Zheng, Yu and Leap are called. (All the above are based on C key)
The European 12 tone system was discovered more than 3000 years later than China. At the earliest time, European musicians often had to constantly tune their strings when playing, so they often strung notes together because they didn't find a 5-degree disharmony. It was not until later that someone discovered this problem that 12 sound system came into being in Europe.
Because the basic mode systems of Chinese and foreign music are different, China has a pentatonic scale, while foreign countries have a 12 tone system. Moreover, the harmony of the two systems is totally different, which makes us know whether it is China music or foreign music as soon as we hear the music. The seven tones said by Cuozhu are only the most basic tones in the mode, and there are actually various inflections. Moreover, based on the theory of 12 tone, the tonality conversion is very flexible, so the limited tone can also show such rich music.
4. Music common sense
Division of classical music periods ad 1300-ad 1500: Medieval-Renaissance.
In the embryonic period of classical music, no masterpieces were left. Ad 1500-Ad 1700: baroque era.
In the enlightenment era of classical music, classical music at that time was mostly developed from national music and court music. Representatives: Bulliri, Schultz, Baybell, purcell, coupland, Lamu, Bach, Gandel, Tatini, Haydn, Cremon.
Ad 1700-Ad 1800: the classical era. In the golden age of classical music, many heavyweight music gods were in this period.
Representative figures: Viotti, Mozart, Beethoven, hummel, Paganini, Weber, Che Nier, Rossini, Donizetti, Schubert, Belinka, Mendelssohn, Chopin, Schumann, Liszt 1800- AD 1920: Romantic era. Vocal music began to shine, and the perfect combination of singer and symphony orchestra brought the arrival of the opera era.
In Vienna, the city of music, the Strauss family pushed classical music to a new * * *! Classical music at that time was pop music now, and the third largest was Elvis Presley and the Beatles of that era. Representatives: Wagner, Verdi, Puccini, Strauss, Richard Strauss, offenbach, Frank, Debussy, Tchaikovsky, Bizet, Brahms, Saint-Sang, Bartok, Doshak and Kodaly.
Ad 1920-2 1 century: modern-new century era: the reform era of classical music. After 1950, in the face of the rise of modern pop music, rock music and electronic technology, the king status of classical music began to shake.
Although he is still an unshakable aristocrat in the music industry, in the face of the embarrassment of reform or disappearance, a new generation of classical musicians shoulder the heavy responsibility of history, from film soundtrack to musical, and then to "new era music" combined with modern electronic technology. Classical musicians in the new century defend their beliefs and dignity.
Representative figures (only composers are listed here, others will be introduced later): Stravinsky, Weber, Berger, Martinu, prokofiev, Onig, Hendricks, Orff, Gershwin, Copland, Shostakovich, josef strauss, Mei Xian, Cage, Brittany, Lijieti, Nona, Berio. Musicians in the 20th century, defenders of classical music, and finally composers in the era of classical music reform in the 20th century are listed. Now let's introduce those who have made immortal achievements in other classical music fields in the past 65,438+000 years. Most of them are still active on the stage.
Top Ten Singers: The top ten singers are represented by three singers (Pavarotti, the tenor king, carreras, the lyric king, Domingo, the opera king). I believe everyone should have the impression that these three old gentlemen "severely knocked" us at the Forbidden City in Beijing at 200 1.
Vice Premier the State Council personally went to pay tribute, and the Ministry of Security of China went to the Capital Airport to meet their special plane (three people came by three planes, but they didn't come together), and held a thank-you meeting for them in the Great Hall of the People. Quite a few of them are received according to the specifications of foreign giants-after all, the vocal emperor may also be regarded as the "head of state".
The three of them are rude, too. They sang for three hours and took away our 1 10,000-dollar appearance fee, setting a new record in the history of music (and it seems that we haven't paid taxes yet). Concert tickets also set a record, with front-row seats as high as more than $65,438+0,500, and diamond voice-the king of songs is the king of songs.
The joint concert of these three great singers has become the highest standard and grade concert in the world since the 1990s. It is also regarded as one of the symbols of the revival of classical music.
Others: Bartoli, barto, Ibardi, Cannava, Sarah Bleiman, Bocelli, Alanya. (The above seven are worth as much as Michael Jackson) Top ten conductors: karajan (the king of European traditional conductors), Clempel, Fult Vingler, Seiji Ozawa, kubelik, Bernstein, Ma Zeer, abbado, Soti and zubin mehta.
Top ten pianists: Oster, Rubinstein, Holovics, Gold, Askin Naz, Porini, Alge Ritchie, Backhaus, Gillis and Arau. Top Ten Violins: Hafez, milstein, David, Mei Niuyin, Grumio, arcado, Paalmann, Zheng Jinghe, Mutt and Shaham Minuet: It was originally a French dance. Nocturne: Short and soothing music in the Romantic era.
Yani's classic Nightingale at the Beijing Forbidden City 1997 concert is still one of my favorites, which absorbs the characteristics of serenade. Serenade: literally means music at night.
Mozart serenade, Schubert serenade and other masterpieces. Opera: one of the greatest, richest and most important types of western music.
Made in Italy about 1600 years ago. The first opera recorded in the literature should be1Daphne in 579.
Operetta: As the name implies, it is mainly dance music, which originated in Paris and Vienna in the19th century. Johann Strauss II's favorite.
Overture: from French, meaning "open". It is the prelude to the contract of opera, stage play, drama and musical.
Trio, quarter and quinte are representative works, such as Bizet's Carmen Overture: music composed by three, four or five voices or instruments. Requiem: an important part of Catholic etiquette.
Rhapsody: a free form in the romantic era. Rondo: It is characterized by the theme festival (refrain) appearing alternately with one or more other theme festivals (interlude).
Sonata and Scherzo: The former means ringing in Italian, while the latter means joking. Represents the style of the song.
Suito is a whole composed of a series of dance music or other music. Symphony: Orchestral music with three or four movements evolved from different baroque music forms.
Classical music masterpiece:1; Tchaikovsky's three major dance dramas: Swan Lake, Nutcracker and Sleeping Beauty; Mozart's three major symphonies: Symphony 39 (E flat major) and Symphony 40.
5. Review materials of modern music history in China.
The Spread of Christianity in China in Modern Music History: The spread of Christianity in China can be traced back to Nestorianism in the Tang Dynasty! The main contents of the early spread of western music culture in China are 1) tribute instruments: organ, clavichord, etc. (Bring western musical instruments) 2) Knowledge of notation and music theory: Xu Risheng's first step in writing Chinese and western music theory works "A Brief Compilation of Lu and a Continued Compilation of Lu Zhengyi" 3) Music scores and music works: Western Christian songs such as hymns are compiled and printed in various Chinese, English and literate poets. 1. Shanghai Gongguan Band19 In the 1980s, it is now the 2nd Shanghai Symphony Orchestra, 3rd Hurd Band and China New Army Band: 1898 Yuan Shikai founded the New Army Band in 4th tianjin railway station. The influence of military band: army-school-social life, new school, music education, missionary school II. According to historical records, as early as 1842 III, there were missionary schools offering music classes in Hong Kong. Dengzhou literature museum iv. The school song of the new school after the founding of the Republic of China: 1. The rise and creation of school songs: 1. School music songs: music classes and songs taught by new schools in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China; 2. The beginning of school music songs:'1'-the creation of church school music songs-10 The songs in Selected Songs 1898 Kang Youwei wrote a book "Please open a school discount" 3) The spontaneous practice of students studying in Japan after returning to China 4)1. 8) Cooperate with the military songs of "Military National Education" for primary and secondary school students. 9) Call for women's liberation and advocate gender equality. 10) Educate teenagers to love life and nature. 1 12) publicize the themes of feudal traditional ethics such as loyalty to the monarch and respect for Confucius. The fundamental purpose of setting up school music songs is to inspire people's wisdom and shape new people. Get rid of the national inferiority, save the nation and survive 4. Creation Form and Melody Source 13) Creation Form: Song Selection and Lyrics 14) Melody Source: Japanese school songs and military songs are mostly early morning pop songs and religious music in Europe and America, and a few China folk tunes are very few self-made songs 5. Three stages of western music in China 15) curiosity 16). Shen Xingong, the representative figure who accepted the school song (1), made major contributions: 1) Composed and created music songs: re-edited school songs, heart-felt songs and national songs 2) Get rid of old literature. The trend of old poetry 3) The representative work of Vernacular: People have aspirations first, Yellow River (2) Li Shutong's main contribution: 1) Art education pays attention to aesthetic education; 2) Compose a masterpiece of music songs: Farewell and Spring outing; 3) Zeng Zhitao's main contribution: 1) devoted to music education; 2) The writing and creation of theoretical works of school music songs: the essence of music theory, the classic teaching materials of music. The lyrics of Japanese song brave soldier Shen Xingong 2) A selection of Chinese songs and lyrics 3) The lyrics of China man Shigeng 4) The original song of Song of the Motherland is a traditional ancient song Lao. The author of this song is unknown. The historical significance of the school song is 1). Through the school song, western music was introduced to China.
The method of performance and singing, the performance form of the concert, etc. Originally introduced to China. 2) The first batch of tentative and exploratory new music works (the initial creation of new music) appeared in modern China. 3) As a form of vocal music, the deductive way of collective singing of music and songs affects the singing of saving the nation from extinction. 4) China has trained the first generation of ethnic music educators, such as Zeng, Zeng, and Zhang. At the same time, it also played an enlightening and contributing role for the creation of professional musicians and the expansion of the team in the future. 5) Advocating the study of western music and despising China's traditional music has had a negative impact on the development of China's new music culture. Xiao's major contributions to music are: 1. Professional music education: divided into two periods: (1) Beijing period: 1) the first music studio to be beaten; 2) Music Department of Beijing Women's Normal University; 3) Music Department of Beijing Institute of Art 1927 left Beijing; 2) Shanghai period: the National Conservatory of Music was established; 2) recruiting teachers; 3) Training of talents; 4) Overview of social impact. His music practice in other aspects is centered on music education and serves music education. 2. Career and music creation. Xiao is the first musician in the history of modern music in China who broke through "choosing songs and writing lyrics" and composed independently. He is a pioneer of China's music creation (1) vocal works 1). Today's Music Episode (for junior high school students) 2) New Song Episode (for college students) 3) Teaching materials for singing in the new academic system 4) His school's chorus poem "Moonlight on the Spring River" 5) Military songs (2) Instrumental works 1, German works: 1. 2) Two string quartets, Nocturne and Serenade 2. Works after returning to China: 1) Qiu Si for cello 2) New Colorful Feathers for orchestra 3. Xiao is a pioneer in the study of modern musicology in China. His doctoral thesis, A Study on the History of Chinese Orchestra in the 7th Century/kloc-0, is the first book in China that systematically studies the history of ancient musical instruments. Zhao Yuanren, major vocal works 1, art songs-new poetry and songs 1928 2, Xiaozhuang collection 1933, children's songs 1934- children's songs written by Tao Xingzhi, and popular education songs collection 65438. The song of the peep show1935-theme song 5 of the movie "Urban Scenery". A vocal music work with great influence-"Teach me how not to think about him" Li Jinhui (the pioneer of children's musical and pop songs) 1. Music Creation 1) Music creation mainly lies in two fields: children's musical and pop songs (contemporary songs), children's musical performances and children's musical dramas. 3) There are 12 children's musical dramas, including Sparrows and Children, Angel of the Vineyard, Little Painter, Moonlit Night and Three Butterflies. 2) Creation characteristics of children's song and dance music 65,438+0) Creation.
6. Take an examination of the Music Department of the Conservatory of Music. The content of the examination includes China music history, foreign music history and national history.
Music and Music Department
First, applied musicology major (direction)
(1) written test for specialized courses (70%)
1. Music knowledge (including China music history, western music history and general music knowledge) (25%);
2. Listening to music styles (including western music styles in different historical periods, folk songs in different regions of China, and timbre of national musical instruments in China) (10%);
3. Propositional composition (stylistic requirements: argumentative, the content is related to music life) (35%).
(2) Professional course interview (30%)
1. Musical instrument performance (piano or other musical instruments, with optional tracks) (5%);
2. Singing folk songs or operas (except composition) (5%);
3. Professional dialogue (candidates' music learning experience and general cultural knowledge accumulation) (20%).
(3) Basic music (scores are not included in the total score, but qualified scores are delineated)
1. music theory;
2. Solfeggio training (written test and interview).
For details, please refer to the outline of basic music examination.
(4) Professional quality requirements
1. Good musical perceptual accumulation and playing skills;
2. Have a general understanding of Chinese and foreign music history, musicians and masterpieces;
3. Master the preliminary music theory (reading music score, basic music theory and related concepts);
4. Have good literacy and speculative ability, as well as the ability to skillfully use various styles to express thoughts and feelings;
5. Have good oral expression skills.
Second, theoretical musicology major (direction)
(1) written test for specialized courses (70%)
1. Music knowledge (including China music history, western music history and general music knowledge) (20%);
2. Listening to music styles (including western music styles in different historical periods, folk songs in different regions of China, and timbre of national musical instruments in China) (5%);
3. Propositional composition (stylistic requirements: argumentative, the content is related to music life) (25%);
4. The basic knowledge of harmony and music score analysis (the concepts of * * * and mode, analyze music score, and mark the used key, mode and * * * on the specified music score. Do not practice harmony cohesion) (10%);
5. Common knowledge of Chinese and foreign art, literature, history and geography (starting from middle school history, geography, art and Chinese) (10%).
(2) Professional course interview (30%)
1. Musical instrument performance (piano or other musical instruments, with optional tracks) (3%);
2. Singing folk songs or operas (except composition) (2%);
3. Professional dialogue (candidates' music learning experience and general cultural knowledge accumulation) (20%);
4. English reading and interpretation (read the assigned essay and translate it orally, the essay size is about 1-2 natural paragraph) (5%).
(3) Basic music (scores are not included in the total score, but qualified scores are delineated)
1. music theory (admission requirements are higher than "applied musicology");
2. Solfeggio (written test and interview, admission requirements are higher than "Applied Musicology");
For details, please refer to the outline of basic music examination.
(4) Professional quality requirements
1. Good musical perceptual accumulation and playing skills;
2. Have a general understanding of Chinese and foreign music history, musicians and masterpieces;
3. Master the preliminary music theory (reading music score, basic music theory and related concepts);
4. Have good writing quality and critical thinking ability, and the ability to skillfully use various styles to express thoughts and feelings;
5. Have good oral expression skills;
6. Good foreign language skills (both written and oral);
7. Good reading ability in ancient Chinese;
8. Have rich reading experience and interest, and show corresponding reading accumulation.