1. Moral education comes first. His educational content is to have both ability and political integrity, especially to strengthen moral education. He said: a gentleman has no food, which is against humanity. What he expects, he will lose (The Analects of Confucius, Establishing Man). It is pointed out that benevolence is the fundamental character of a gentleman and the general idea of moral education. The connotation of benevolence is very extensive, including fortitude, fortitude, modesty, and nearness to benevolence (The Analects of Lutz), and it also includes a series of virtues such as love, loyalty, forgiveness, filial piety, kindness, tolerance, faith, sensitivity, kindness, courage, respect, softness, kindness, frugality, concession and sincerity. However, every virtue only embodies the side of benevolence. Only by synthesizing, summarizing and concentrating them can we call them benevolence, but its spiritual core is very concise, that is, loving people. To be a lover, you must first be loyal and filial. In feudal society, Confucius' moral education served to cultivate gentlemen, but it was formed in the process of moral education practice, which basically reflected the objective law of moral education and was scientific to some extent, and undoubtedly played a positive role in our current moral education, especially quality education.

2. The method of intellectual education. The ideal intellectual education is to transform knowledge into wisdom, and only under the guidance of wisdom can real mental activities be carried out. Generally speaking, knowledge focuses on ready-made answers, ready-made formulas and ready-made induction of historical events, while wisdom focuses on the unknown world, which is a process of learning. Therefore, it is necessary for us to update the concept of intellectual education. It must be clear that knowledge is only the carrier of intellectual education. It is important for students to learn knowledge, but what is more important is their ability to acquire knowledge in the process of acquiring knowledge. Confucius believed that, except for a few saints, most people must learn what they know and learn in difficulties (The Analects of Confucius. In order to acquire knowledge and skills. The word "learning" comes from Confucius' study and reference from time to time. It can be seen that the primary purpose of intellectual education is to teach learners good learning methods, and then guide them to use scientific learning methods for fruitful learning. Compared with some simple exam-oriented education and skill education, this guiding ideology is undoubtedly more correct, scientific, reasonable and humanized.

3. Pay equal attention to morality, intelligence and physique. Confucius always advocated paying equal attention to intellectual education and moral education. Therefore, he taught his disciples to take Tao as the purpose, virtue as the basis, benevolence as the basis, and art as the tour. He asked his disciples to take Tao as the purpose, etiquette as the defense, benevolence as the obedience, and at the same time read, dabble in and learn etiquette, music, shooting, imperial defense, calligraphy and six arts. His teaching content is also in line with his training goal, and he puts forward four teachings, namely, writing, action, loyalty and faith. Between intellectual education and moral education, Confucius attaches importance to both intellectual education and moral education. He said that disciples are filial when they enter, and filial when they leave. They are sincere and trustworthy. They love all people and are kind. Learn literature if you have spare time. This means that students should be filial to their parents at home, respect their elders when going out, be cautious and honest in doing things, be friendly to others and be close to virtuous people. In this way, they pay attention to moral cultivation while learning cultural knowledge, but put moral cultivation before learning, and Confucius really pays attention to moral education in his educational practice. His education of his disciples always runs through the main thread of morality. Only by strengthening moral education, truly reversing the direction that success or failure is determined by test scores, and incorporating academic performance and ideological and moral character into the entrance examination, especially the latter should set corresponding authoritative indicators, can we fundamentally change the phenomenon of valuing wisdom over morality, saying important things, doing secondary things, and not doing things at critical moments.

4. stimulate interest. The first sentence of The Analects of Confucius says: It's pleasant to use when studying, isn't it? It can be seen that Confucius attached great importance to making students willing to learn and willing to learn. From his long-term educational practice, he realized that those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy. In other words, only by taking learning as fun and indulging in learning can we achieve the best learning effect. He also used his own personal experience to illustrate the importance of being willing to learn. He said he was human, he was angry and forgot to eat, he was happy and forgot his worries, and he didn't know that he was old to death. He also said to others: in a city with ten rooms, there must be people who are faithful as hills, so it is better to learn as hills. It can be seen from these comments that Confucius himself is a person who is very willing to learn. It is precisely because he regards learning as fun that he can study, learn well and become a knowledgeable person. Therefore, Confucius believes that if students want to learn well, they must be willing to learn first.

5. Ask and answer questions. Confucius' teaching is mainly carried out by asking and answering questions. For example, Zigong said, what about being poor without flattery and being rich without arrogance? Confucius said: Yes, if you are not poor, you will be happy. Money is polite. Zi Gong said, "The Book of Songs" says: What is it if it is incisive and polished? Confucius said: You give me a gift and tell me that the Book of Songs is finished, and you will know who it is. This is an example of interactive teaching. Follow, orderly, seduce, guide. It can be seen that Confucius is good at guiding students to master knowledge step by step and personally find the answers to questions. The characteristic of this teaching method is to draw inferences from others and step by step, which is also an important learning method. This kind of teaching can not only make students master knowledge better, but also develop their intelligence and improve their analytical level and self-study level. Giving full play to teachers' leading role in teaching and actively guiding students' learning conforms to the laws of students' understanding from shallow to deep, from partial to whole, from perceptual to rational, from concrete to abstract.

6. Teach students in accordance with their aptitude. According to modern science, talent is a person's thought, personality and intelligence, and the breadth, time, form and degree of each person's intelligence are very different, so we should teach students in accordance with their aptitude. Confucius disciples have different teaching time, different ages and different situations. But Confucius knew it. Disciples' moral character, conduct, learning attitude, academic progress and characteristics, personality (bold, reckless), talent (stupid, honest), economic situation, and even life (humble alley), diet (a spoonful of vegetables, a spoonful of wine), living habits (sleeping by day) and so on. Advanced Analects of Confucius: Lutz asked: What did Si Wen do? Confucius said: How can I smell and act when my father and brother are around? You Ran asked: Steven Zhu Xing? Confucius said: Si Wen did it. Gong Xihua said: I also asked about smells, thoughts and behaviors. Confucius said that there are fathers and brothers; Seeking also requires Sven to do everything. Confucius said that Si Wen did everything. Red is also confused, dare to ask. Confucius said: retreat after seeking, so enter; I retired because I am also a human being. Giving different answers to the same question according to the characteristics of different questioners is a typical application of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Only in this way can students realize that learning is both principled and flexible, and then improve their intelligence, creative thinking and learning quality in an all-round way. Teachers should pay full attention to the differences of students' interests and hobbies in the learning process, fully encourage students to develop their own specialties, give corresponding guidance according to their learning level, and fully cultivate students' intelligence. They should not put forward unified requirements and should not obliterate students' individuality.

Sentences on Education in The Analects of Confucius

1, Confucius said: the three armed forces can win the handsome, but ordinary people can't win the ambition. 2, Confucius: review the old and know the new, you can be a teacher.

3. Xia Zi said: erudite and determined, inquisitive and thoughtful, with benevolence among them.

4. Zi Gong asked: Why did Confucius call it Wen? Confucius said: I am eager to learn and I am not ashamed to ask questions.

5, the son is in Sichuan: the deceased is like a husband! Don't give up day and night

6. Confucius said: People with lofty ideals are benevolent, and they do not harm benevolence, but kill themselves.

7. Make friends and keep your word. From The Analects of Confucius. This is what Xia Zi, a student of Confucius, said.

8. Confucius said: When you are cold, you know that pine and cypress are dying.

9. Scholars have a long way to go to strive for self-improvement.

10, Confucius said: See the sage Si Qi Yan, but if you don't see the sage, you will introspect.

1 1, Confucius said: no anger, no anger, no anger. If an angle is not reversed by three angles, there will be no more.

12, Zi Gong said: A gentleman is mistaken as the food of the sun and the moon. Too many, everyone has seen it; What's more, people went belly-up.

13, Zi Zaichuan said: The deceased is like this. Honey, don't give up daytime fluids.

14, Ceng Zi said: I visit my body three times a day. Is it cheating for others? Don't believe in making friends? Can you pass it on?

15, sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions.

16, Confucius said: Eat water, bend your arms and pillow it, and enjoy it. Unjust wealth is like a cloud to me.

17, Confucius said: Nine times out of ten, determined to learn, standing at 30, not confused at 40, knowing the destiny at 50, listening to the ear at 60, and walking at 70, not exceeding the moment.

18, Confucius said: People do not know what they can do without faith.

19, Confucius said: It's no good for me to study silently, and I never tire of learning and teaching!

20. Confucius said: The winner has three friends, and the loser has three friends. Friends are frank, friends forgive and friends listen more, which is beneficial. Friends make friends, friendly and soft, and friends will be destroyed and damaged.

2 1, if the name is not correct, the word is not smooth; Words are not smooth, things are not smooth; If you can't do it, you will be happy; If the ceremony and music are not prosperous, the punishment will be lost; If the punishment is not correct, the people are at a loss.

22. Confucius said: Different Tao, no common goal.

23. Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher; Choose the good and follow it, change the bad.

24. Confucius said: the knower is not confused, the benevolent is not worried, and the brave is not afraid.

25. Confucius said: The knower is not as good as the doer, and the doer is not as good as the musician.

26. Confucius said: Those who don't know themselves don't suffer, and those who don't know don't suffer.

27. Confucius said: A gentleman's adult beauty is not an adult's evil. The villain is the opposite.

28. Confucius said: There is no class in teaching.

29. Zeng Zitao: I save myself three times a day: Are you unfaithful to others? Don't believe in making friends? Can you pass it on?

30. Confucius said: quality is better than literature, literature is better than quality, and history is also. Gentle, then a gentleman.

3 1, Confucius said: Don't worry about what others don't know.

32. Confucius said: Xian Zai, come back! A spoonful of food, a spoonful of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear their worries, and they won't change their fun when they go back. Hyun-jae, come back!

33. Confucius said: The knower enjoys water, while the benevolent enjoys Leshan. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet. People who know are happy, and people who are kind live long.

34. Confucius said: Learn from time to time, don't you? Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters? Isn't he a completely moral person? Although people may not pay attention to him, he won't feel uneasy.

35. Confucius said: Don't suffer from human ignorance, don't suffer from human ignorance.

36. Confucius said: By! Teach your daughter to know! A person's real knowledge lies in knowing what he knows and what he doesn't know.

37. Zeng Zitao: A gentleman makes friends by writing and helps others by benevolence.

38. Confucius said: It is far from blaming others for kowtowing and blaming others.

39. Confucius said: If you don't change, you will pass.

40. Confucius said: Learn from time to time, don't you?

4 1, Confucius said: a gentleman seeks for himself, while a villain seeks for others.

42. Confucius said: self-denial is benevolence. A day of self-denial and self-denial, the world will return to benevolence. You are benevolent, but others are benevolent?

43. Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing, just knowing.

44. Confucius: I started with others. I listened to what I said and believed what I did. Today, I am a man. I listen to his words and watch his actions.

45. Confucius said: In a threesome, there must be a teacher. Choose the good and follow it, change the bad.

46. Xia Zi said: erudite and sincere. Chi, ask and think, benevolence is among them.

47. Confucius said: I am determined to learn five out of ten, stand at thirty, not be confused at forty, know my destiny at fifty, and be obedient at sixty.

48. Confucius said: A gentleman speaks slowly and moves quickly.

49. Confucius said: Different people have different opinions.

50. Viscount: I don't care, I don't care, I don't care, I don't care.

5 1, Confucius said: learning without thinking is useless, thinking without learning is dangerous.

52. Confucius said: He who has no long-term worries must have near worries.

53. Confucius said: I study silently, never tire of learning, and never tire of teaching. What is this?

54. Confucius said: it is just and not ordered; His body is not straight, although he disobeys.

Appreciation of Famous Sentences in Lisao

1, complaining about mighty practice and not caring about people's hearts. Many women are jealous of the moths, flirting with each other and saying that they are good at sex.

Comments: These poems make the lyric hero not only appear as a politician and poet, but also often become a beautiful and unfortunate woman. She has the nature of loving beauty, likes to decorate herself with fragrant and clean things, and personally cultivated many fragrant plants and trees. At first, I was engaged to my husband ("spirituality" can sometimes be understood as husband), but later my daughters were jealous and destroyed, and finally they were abandoned. The implication of "Beauty Vanilla" and the poet's political lyricism are superimposed together, resulting in the unique artistic effect of the blending of reality and virtual world in Li Sao, adding graceful charm and youthful charm to the whole poem.

Resentment is ridiculous. You have never been able to understand my mind. Those women are also jealous of my charm and accuse me of being so slutty and promiscuous.

2, I am also kind-hearted. Although he died nine times, he did not regret it.

Comment: This sentence shows that Qu Yuan is indomitable. It can be said that he is an iron man. What Qu Yuan can't tolerate most is the vicious slander of those shameless villains. One minute she said she was wearing strange clothes, and the day before she said she was very good-looking. She must be a prostitute. This group of people pursue fame and gain, tamper with laws and regulations, distort right and wrong, confuse black and white, fight for power and gain, and make the court filled with smoke. Qu Yuan made up his mind never to merge with them. He compared himself to an unsociable stork, aloof and vigorous, "from his previous life". He doesn't want to change, and he can't change, just like Fiona Fang can't do it. No common goal, no common goal. Here, Qu Yuan clearly foresaw his own ending, but did not regret his choice. The sentence "Although I died nine times, I still have no regrets" and the poem "Ruman Manqi Xiu Yuan Xi, I will go up and down to seek" are both from Li Sao, which are the most encouraging sentences for future generations.

As long as it is what I yearn for and like in my heart, I will not regret it even if I die nine times.

3, people's livelihood is different, and I am used to it. Although my body has not changed, I can't punish my heart.

Comments: The poets' self-knowledge, self-knowledge, self-motivation and self-determination in these poems are very touching. After fierce ideological struggle, he not only returned to the realm of "kindness in heart, nine deaths without regrets", but also had deeper feelings and stronger will. Through this emotional expression, the poet initially revealed two aspects of tragic conflict in his spiritual world-the opposition between ideal and reality, and the opposition between enterprising and retiring. Then I made a firmer choice.

I was born with different preferences. I love beauty alone, and I am used to it. Even if the limbs are decomposed, they will not change. Will my mind be defeated?

Appreciation of Famous Sentences in Chuci

Chu Ci, also known as Chu Ci, is a poetic style created by Qu Yuan, a great poet in the Warring States Period. The works use the literary style and dialect rhyme of Chu area (now around the two lakes) to describe the mountains, rivers and historical customs of Chu area, which has strong local characteristics. It is the second spring in the history of China's poetry after The Book of Songs. There are many famous sentences in Songs of the South. Let's take a look at the selection of famous sentences in Songs of the South.

1, you can't change your thoughts and customs, but you will be miserable and eventually poor. The Nine Chapters of Chu Ci Involved in the River

2. Every student has his own happiness, and I am used to it. Although my body has not changed, I can't punish my heart. Li Sao in Chu Ci

3. On a good day, Mu will go to see the emperor happily. Nine Chuci Poems of Emperor Taiyi

When Sun Xi comes back, you can't stay in the mountains for too long! Huainan Mountain's "Chu Ci Recruits Hermits"

5. Unclear: cicadas are heavy and thousands of cockroaches are light; The yellow bell is destroyed, and the tile thunders; Men are arrogant and wise men are nameless. Chu ci does not live.

6, bathers will wear crowns, and new bathers will shake their clothes. Chuci fisherman

7, the water of the waves is clear, you can lick me; The water in the rough waves is so turbid that it can be used to drown my feet. Chuci fisherman

8, Guan Yu, a boat in the river, a gentle and graceful lady, a gentleman is good. The Book of Songs Nan Zhou Guanluo

9, the month is not awkward, and the spring and autumn are orderly. But the vegetation is scattered, and I am afraid that the beauty will come late. Li Sao in Chu Ci

10, Jiacang, Millennium is frost, so-called Iraqis are on the water side. The Book of Songs Qin Feng Jiajian

1 1, I don't know the turbidity, but people are not embarrassed. Huai Sha, Nine Chapters of Chu Ci

12, no beginning and no end. Elegance in The Book of Songs

13 Alas, autumn is also angry! A bleak, withered vegetation, decline. Song Yu's Nine Debates on Chu Ci

14, fly to the hometown, the fox dies first. Mourning in the Nine Chapters of Chu Ci

15, small, not seen for a day, such as Xi. The Book of Songs Feng Wang Ge

16, if you can't change your mind and do as the Romans do, the group will end up poor. Qu Yuan's "Involved in the River"

17, short, long; Lack of things, lack of wisdom. Chu ci does not live.

18, short in size, short in content, unclear in wisdom, short in number, and unreasonable by God. Do what you want with your heart. Turtle policy can't be a governor. Qu Yuan's Buju

19, I died in exile, and I can't bear it. Li Sao in Chu Ci

20, the world is unclear: cicadas are heavy and thousands of people are light. Fu on the Return of Soul

2 1, Sun Youxi does not return, spring grass grows. Huainan Mountain's "Chu Ci Recruits Hermits"

22. I'm leaving. Willow is Yiyi. The road is muddy and difficult to walk, and people are thirsty and hungry. Xiao Ya and Cai Wei in The Book of Songs

23. The rain is gray and the chickens crow. Didn't Hu Yun like seeing a gentleman? Zheng's ups and downs in The Book of Songs

24. There are rumors about orchids, and I dare not tell them. Nine Chuci Poems and Lady Xiang

25, short, one inch long. Chu ci does not live.

26. I don't care about Dong Dao, and I am stunned for life. The Nine Chapters of Chu Ci Involved in the River

On the 27th, Xi Du Ruo, Tingzhou, will stay. You can't get it suddenly, you can speak freely and be tolerant. Nine Chuci Poems and Lady Xiang

28. Drink the dew of Mulan and have a supper with autumn chrysanthemum. Li Sao in Chu Ci

29. I reward Joan papaya. Feng Wei's Papaya in The Book of Songs

30. Yo, Luming Literature, wild apples. I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano. Book of Songs Xiaoya Luming Literature

3 1, since death is a spirit, the soul is a ghost. Qu Yuan's National Mourning

32, the stone of the mountain, you can attack jade. Xiao Ya's Harmony in The Book of Songs

33, the grass is scattered, fearing that the beauty will come late. Lisao

34. Qu Migao is widowed. Song Yu asked the king of Chu

35. I don't know the merits and demerits of the road, and the south refers to the sun, the moon and the stars. Nine-chapter thought

36. Innocence is straight and death is thick at the front. Li Sao in Chu Ci

37. Smile and expect. Feng Wei in The Book of Songs said people.

38. Heaven and earth share the same life, and the sun and moon share the same life with Guang Qi. The Nine Chapters of Chu Ci Involved in the River

39. My son fell to Zhu Bei with awkward eyes. Autumn wind blows gently, and Dongting waves under the leaves. Nine Chuci Poems and Lady Xiang

40, Xiu Yuan Xi, I will search up and down. Li Sao in Chu Ci

4 1, brave and fearless, and finally powerful and unstoppable. The body is dead, the spirit is spirit, and the soul is a ghost. ("Nine Songs of Chu")

42. Breathe too much to hide your tears and mourn the hardships of people's lives. Li Sao in Chu Ci

43. Those who are innocent, those who listen, quit. Preface to The Book of Songs

44, and finish, threading thought Pei. Li Sao in Chu Ci

45, the son at home, adding one point is too long, subtracting one point is too short; The powder is too white, and Zhu is too red. (Song Yu's "The Loser")

46. Speak frankly, although it is far away, why not? The Nine Chapters of Chu Ci Involved in the River

47. I am worried that people who don't know me will ask for anything. Who is this? Feng Wang Plum Tree in The Book of Songs

48, Qing Zi Rock, leisurely in my heart. The Book of Songs Zheng Feng Ji Zi

49. It's dying. Burn its porcelain. Book of Songs Nan Zhou Yao Tao

50. The blue quilt is getting bigger and bigger. Zhanjiang is full of water with maple trees on it. Eyes thousands of miles away, sad sad. The soul returns, mourning Jiangnan. Song Yu's "Chu Ci Evocation"

5 1, cutting is like cutting, cutting is like grinding. The Book of Songs Feng Wei Zhan 'ao

52, not foreign, the name can not be empty. Reflections on "Nine Chapters of Songs of the South"

53. I returned the peaches and plums. The Book of Songs is elegant and restrained.

54, the world is turbid, I am alone, everyone is drunk, I wake up alone. Qu yuan's fisherman

55. Yu Xin's kindness, although he died nine times, still has no regrets. Li Sao in Chu Ci

56. Don't be sad when you are separated, but be happy when you are happy. Nine Songs of Chu: Several Commandments