(1) Achievements of zankov's Developmental Teaching Theory
(1) emphasizes that teaching should focus on the all-round development of students, which effectively breaks the old concept of confusing mastering knowledge with development and highlights the development function of teaching.
② Pointed out the meaning of all-round development. He believes that general development is the psychological and teaching aspects of human development and the development of children's personality. General development is different from special development and intellectual development, including the development of emotion, will, moral quality, personality characteristics, collectivism spirit and body.
③ The dialectical relationship between internal and external causes of development is profoundly revealed. Zankov believes that teaching, education and development are interdependent. He emphasized that the source of children's development is internal, contradictory and external factors, and these factors must work through internal factors.
(4) Based on the system theory, an experimental teaching system is proposed and demonstrated, which takes the maximization of teaching effect as the leading thought, promotes the all-round development of students and emphasizes the integrity, comprehensiveness and comprehensiveness of education.
⑤ zankov put forward five principles of developmental teaching: difficult teaching; High-speed teaching; Theoretical knowledge plays a guiding role; Let students understand the learning process; Let all students develop. Although it is not accurate enough in expression, it contains many reasonable ideas.
⑥ Based on the concept of wholeness, this paper puts forward to study the process of children's psychological development by taking observation activities, thinking activities and practical operations as clues, and demonstrates this way of studying children's psychological development in line with dialectical materialism epistemology.
⑦ Emphasize the necessity of revealing and studying the manifestations of students' spiritual needs, and think that one of the important tasks of teaching is to create favorable conditions as much as possible, so that students' needs for knowledge can be expressed in various ways, and to cultivate and develop this need.
(2) The influence of zankov's developmental teaching theory.
Zankov's educational experiment and theory had a great influence on the development of Soviet educational theory and practice. His educational experiment results provided an important basis for the Soviet Union to change the length of primary school study from four years to three years. Some viewpoints of his developmental teaching theory were also accepted by Soviet educational theorists and absorbed into educational works and textbooks published in 1970s and 1980s.
But its theory also has great limitations. His research is mainly carried out from the perspective of children's psychology, with little consideration of the social, political and moral requirements of the teaching process and excessive emphasis on intellectual education in cognition. In addition, it is obviously unscientific to hold a negative attitude towards traditional teaching theory. Zankov's educational experiment and its developmental teaching theory