Education in New China is developed on the basis of backward economy and underdeveloped culture and education. At the beginning of the People's Republic of China, New China took over and reformed the old schools. After 1952, according to the needs of national construction, the departments of colleges and universities were adjusted, teaching reforms were carried out in schools at all levels, accelerated middle schools for workers and peasants were established, adult education was actively carried out, it was stipulated that all schools were open to workers and peasants, and the people's scholarship system was implemented. From 65438 to 0953, New China entered the first five-year plan period, and education was brought into the national planning track. During this period, education developed rapidly. 196 1 years ago, the national economy was in a temporary difficult period. Subsequently, according to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and promotion", the education undertaking was greatly adjusted during the period of 196 1- 1963. After adjustment, the teaching quality of schools at all levels and the scientific research level of colleges and universities have been improved. During the "Cultural Revolution", education was severely damaged, resulting in a shortage of professionals in all fronts. After the end of the "Cultural Revolution", educational work began to bring order out of chaos and adjust reforms, which fundamentally changed the situation on the educational front and restored and developed the educational cause. 1978 After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of China, the focus of the country's work shifted to socialist modernization, the status and role of education continued to improve and strengthen, and education developed rapidly. Since the founding of New China, China's education has suffered many mistakes, especially during the Cultural Revolution. But on the whole, the achievement is very great: 1.949- 1.989, with a total of 1.7056 million graduates from colleges and secondary specialized schools nationwide. The number of college graduates in 1949- 1989 is 35.6 times that in 1928- 1947. The number of technical secondary school graduates in 1949- 1989 is 8.3 times that in 193 1- 1946. Ordinary colleges and universities increased from 205 in 1949 to 1075 in 1989, and the number of undergraduate and junior college students increased from 106500 to 20825438+00000, increasing by 5.24 times and/kloc-0 respectively. The number of secondary specialized schools increased from 1 17 1 in 1989 to 3,984, and the number of students increased from 228,800 to 265,438+077,500, increasing by 2.4 times and 8.52 times respectively. The number of graduate students in 1989 increased by 160. 1 1 times, reaching10.130,000. From 1949 to 1989, China's general secondary education and primary education developed rapidly, making great contributions to improving the quality of the Chinese nation and the scientific and cultural level of the people. 1949 There were 4,045 ordinary middle schools with students103,900, and 1989 increased to 89,600 and 45,540,200, respectively, increasing by 2 1. 14 times and 42.83 times. 1949 has 346,800 primary schools with 2,439110,000 students, and 1989 has 772,000 primary schools with 12373 1 10,000 students, increasing by1. The enrollment rate of school-age children has increased from about 20% before liberation to 97.44%. Early childhood education has also developed rapidly, with 1989 reaching 172600 in kindergartens and 18476600 in kindergartens.