1. Basic network education Basic education refers to education below senior high school. Basic education includes three stages: preschool education (kindergarten), primary education (primary school) and secondary education (junior high school and senior high school). Although middle schools and vocational high schools also belong to secondary education, they generally belong to vocational education. In China, it is generally called "online school for primary and secondary schools", which is an auxiliary educational activity and does not provide academic certification. There are mainly Beijing Personality 100, Beijing No.4 Middle School Online School,1kloc-0/Online School, Huanggang Middle School Online School and so on. 2. Generally, the object of higher online education is/kloc-adults over 8 years old, mainly providing junior high school, senior high school undergraduate, junior college undergraduate and undergraduate second degree education, and also providing non-academic education (only learning some courses of academic education). Academic education can pass the relevant examinations and meet the graduation requirements. Diplomas of colleges and universities (marked with the words "online education") and diplomas of 68 colleges and universities (with a detailed list at the back) are issued, and the Ministry of Education records them electronically, and the state recognizes academic qualifications. There are mainly Peking University Online Education College, China Renmin University Online Education College, and other public education service systems such as Ao Peng, Hong Cheng and Zhijin. 3. Online vocational certification has a wide range of training objects, from students to on-the-job personnel. Provide vocational skills training, exam counseling and certification training. There are mainly New Oriental and Chinese accounting net. 4. The object of enterprise E-learning is mainly enterprise employees, and the main body of implementation is enterprises. It is a new way for enterprises to implement internal training. According to the specific situation of the enterprise, it is realized in the form of local area network or Internet. 5. Online educational services mainly include educational services, educational online games, educational channels, platform providers and content providers. They provide services for online education, without entities and online schools. There are mainly excellent learning network and education online. [Edit this paragraph] The characteristics and advantages of online education are: 1. Maximize the use of resources. Various educational resources have crossed the limitation of spatial distance through the network, making school education an open education that can radiate to a wider area outside the campus. Schools can give full play to the advantages of disciplines and educational resources, and spread the best teachers and teaching achievements to all directions through the network. 2. Learning behavior autonomous network technology is applied to distance education, which is characterized by: anyone, anytime, anywhere, starting from any chapter, learning any course. The convenient and flexible "five arbitrariness" in online education directly reflects the characteristics of active learning in the learning mode, which fully meets the needs of modern education and lifelong education. 3. The form of learning is the interaction between teachers and students, and all-round communication through the network has narrowed the psychological distance between teachers and students and increased the opportunities and scope of communication between teachers and students. And through the computer, the type, quantity and frequency of students' questions are statistically analyzed, so that teachers can understand the doubts, difficulties and main problems that students encounter in their studies and guide students more pertinently. 4. Personalized online education in teaching form, using the unique information database management technology and two-way interactive function of computer network, on the one hand, the system can completely track and record the personal data, learning process and stage of each online student, on the other hand, the teaching and learning service system can put forward personalized learning suggestions for different students according to the personal data recorded by the system. Network education provides a realistic and effective way to realize personalized teaching. 5. Teaching management automation The computer network teaching management platform has the functions of automatic management and remote interactive processing, and is applied to the teaching management of network education. The consultation, registration, payment, course selection, inquiry, student status management, homework and examination management of distance students can be completed through remote interaction on the Internet. [Edit this paragraph] The influence of online universities on modern university education has been concerned by many universities from the appearance of online universities to their continuous development and perfection. The network university has changed the current teaching mode, which is unique in cultivating innovative talents and attaching importance to the development of students' individual independence. Teaching mode is a specific teaching structure that adapts to certain educational goals. The traditional teaching mode characterized by one-way indoctrination in China is suitable for the educational goal of one-sided emphasis on knowledge inheritance, which is not conducive to students' enthusiasm, independence and creativity. The emergence of online universities has transformed teaching from a closed knowledge system to an open knowledge system, and from teaching to self-study, which is not only reflected in the transformation of methods, but also in the transformation of two teaching methods and structural models. In terms of quantity, through distance teaching, most of the teaching time will be used for students' autonomous learning activities and research activities, and the teaching hours will be greatly reduced. In terms of quality, the acquisition of students' knowledge and the formation of reasonable intelligent structure mainly depend on students' autonomous learning and research through distance teaching. In a word, the emergence of distance education provides a method and way today when we constantly emphasize innovation education and quality education. The appearance of distance education makes the online schools flourish. "Virtual higher education" has brought remarkable changes to the organizational structure of modern universities, and also brought new opportunities for competition and cooperation between traditional universities and new universities. A new type of decentralized university is gradually replacing classrooms, teachers and campuses. The transmission of teaching information has changed. On the one hand, teachers and students can communicate in real time. On the other hand, students can review their previous learning content at any appropriate time. In the current situation of the shortage of funds for higher education, online education can reduce the input and cost, meet the social demand for higher education, break the internal division of higher education, and maximize the sharing and full utilization of teaching resources. The emergence of online universities has also brought unprecedented competitive pressure to traditional higher education. In the United States, there are more and more private and operating virtual universities. For example, the University of Phoenix, founded in 1978, is the earliest online university in the United States. Now, 370,000 degrees and diplomas have been awarded, which is famous for MBA and occupies a place in the adult education market. [Edit this paragraph] The development trend of university education in the future. Every major scientific and technological revolution in history has brought about great changes in universities. These changes make people have a clearer and deeper understanding of the position and role of universities in the whole social activities. When the information revolution at the end of the twentieth century extended the tentacles of the network to all levels and corners of society, we can foresee that the future universities will undergo revolutionary changes. 1. University education is becoming more and more popular. With the popularization of higher education and the differentiation of university types, especially the popularization of community colleges, higher education will be secularized, and the openness of the network will make the relationship between universities and members of society closer. Going to college is not just about learning a skill or professional knowledge; Not only is everyone's right to live, but the learning process will also become a pleasure. When networking turns this potential right and fun into reality, the single value orientation of university learning with the original advanced knowledge as the core will be weakened for the majority of social members. 2. The regionality of universities has disappeared. If online universities are popularized on a large scale, the network beyond time and space restrictions will change the regionality of universities. In the past, universities often flourished with local economy, politics and culture, which constituted a unique cultural phenomenon of university town. Famous universities have become temples in people's minds. In virtual online higher education, a virtual course composed of a certain discipline can become a course for global retrainees, and the course will be produced by outstanding professors and design experts from different universities around the world. This online teaching forum will become the "central campus" of education. If a forum has many excellent courses, it will undoubtedly become a hub for global discipline and scientific research exchanges. In the future, universities will be the center of network disciplines and scientific research exchanges, with no geographical differences at all. 3. The comprehensiveness of the university is affected. In the 20th century, with the continuous emergence of various branches of natural science and social science, comprehensiveness has become the trend of university development. The emergence of online universities weakens the comprehensive characteristics of universities, and the problems brought by geographical restrictions will no longer exist in the networked environment. Networking will connect countless schools and academic institutions to solve the sharing of knowledge and technology. People will no longer need to set up all disciplines in the same university, but will be highly differentiated and highly integrated. When students are not restricted by the fence and enter and leave the network university without the fence in various ways, the role of the university as a treasure house for transferring knowledge is no longer unique. In the future, universities will be more popular, closer to and serve the society. In the future, the university will become a "worldwide academic community", and people will be able to know events in any corner of the world in an instant and appreciate another cultural phenomenon (network culture). The future responsibility of a university lies in how to inherit, develop, enrich and innovate multiculturalism and safeguard the colorful regional cultures of all countries in the world when it becomes a cultural body. No matter what the real development path of universities is in the future, universities, as a knowledge building built by human beings, will not change their function of imparting human methods of exploring knowledge to future generations.