Talent prospers the country and strengthens the country. The education and training of outstanding engineers has been listed as the focus of high-quality development of higher education. Recently, the Ministry of Education and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council jointly held a meeting to promote the training of outstanding engineers, and famous universities such as Tsinghua University, Zhejiang University, Beihang University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Southeast University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Chongqing University and Northwestern Polytechnical University entered 10 985? The first college of outstanding engineers? Establish a list of institutions of colleges and universities. The education and training program for outstanding engineers in China is progressing steadily.
From the training of outstanding engineers to the establishment of a college of outstanding engineers, the education and training plan of outstanding engineers provides a solid talent support for coping with the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. How is the implementation of the education and training plan for outstanding engineers? How to train excellent engineers? The reporter of Science and Technology Daily conducted an in-depth interview.
Provide support for the training of engineers and technicians.
? The education and training plan for outstanding engineers in China has gone through more than ten years, and it has gone through three development stages: the education and training plan for outstanding engineers 1.0, the education and training plan for outstanding engineers 2.0 and the construction of outstanding engineers' college. ? Luo Yuanxin, Executive Dean of the School of Outstanding Engineers of Chongqing University, said that the goal of the education and training program for outstanding engineers is to train a large number of high-quality engineering and technical personnel with strong innovation ability to meet the needs of economic and social development, lay a solid human resource foundation for building an innovative country, realizing industrialization and modernization, and improve China's comprehensive national strength and core competitiveness.
As an important measure for China's higher engineering education to actively serve the national development strategy in the new period, the education and training plan for outstanding engineers was implemented on 20 10. The Ministry of Education has issued a number of special policies and measures, and local governments and universities have also taken active actions to organize and implement the education and training plan for outstanding engineers (1.0), forming an institutional mechanism for sustainable construction.
Facing the challenge of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the China Academy of Engineering jointly launched the Education and Training Plan for Outstanding Engineers 2.0 in 20 17.
Yan Wu, Director of the Higher Education Department of the Ministry of Education, introduced at the press conference in September this year that the training plan of Excellent Engineer 2.0 aims at cultivating the ability to solve complex engineering problems, comprehensively deepening the construction of new engineering courses, adding 7 1 undergraduate majors such as carbon storage science and engineering, artificial intelligence and biological breeding in a timely manner, and building a 1 1 national innovation platform for the integration of production and education in the fields of integrated circuits and energy storage. Combined with industry departments, 50 modern industrial colleges, 33 characteristic demonstration software colleges, 28 demonstration microelectronics colleges, 1 1 first-class network security college and other professional characteristic colleges have been built; Cumulatively supported 1 100 more than 800 universities and enterprises to implement cooperative education projects.
The implementation of two rounds of education and training programs for outstanding engineers has provided talent support for the rapid development of China's strategic emerging industries and the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry. At present, the scale of engineering education in China ranks first in the world, and tens of millions of engineering and technical talents have been trained, and a large number of industry leaders have emerged, which has supported the construction and development of the first manufacturing country.
Change? Teachers teach and students learn? model of instruction
The education and training of outstanding engineers is the focus of high-quality development of higher education, and it is also an important focus of cultivating great craftsmen in colleges and universities. This time, the Ministry of Education regards 10 985 University as the first batch of excellent engineering colleges to build universities, mainly relying on the dominant disciplines of these universities to implement special training plans for featured talents, so that schools and enterprises can jointly determine training objectives, design training programs, establish teaching teams and carry out scientific research projects.
Take Chongqing Excellent Engineer College, the first excellent engineer college in the central and western regions, as an example. Is the orientation of the college the reform of new engineering education? Experimental field? . ? Executive Vice President of Chongqing University
Liu Hanlong, president of Chongqing Institute of Excellence Engineers, said that the main concern of the institute is? Smart+new energy? The direction of industrial development, breaking through the boundaries of traditional colleges and universities, aiming at solving the problems of industrial common technology and demand innovation, will strive to promote the national innovation development strategy and the development of Chongqing intelligent networked automobile industry, and cultivate high-level talents in key areas urgently needed by countries such as new energy intelligent networked automobiles and intelligent manufacturing.
In Chongqing Institute of Excellence Engineers, the classroom teaching mode is no longer a teacher telling students, but more like an academic seminar. Students form a team by project system, and the results of innovative experiments can be seen everywhere in the laboratory of the college.
? We have innovated the talent training mode, curriculum system and teaching staff, hoping to change the tradition? Teachers teach and students learn? Teaching mode to improve students' innovative ability. ? Liu Hanlong introduced that the college adopts the project-driven mode, mainly focusing on the three major directions of smart cars, intelligent manufacturing and product innovation, offering a series of technical courses and project-based courses, building a series of common technical laboratories and application laboratories, and carrying out teaching and scientific research activities according to the laboratory management mode. The training process of students adopts the mode of work-study alternation. The course will be taught by Chongqing University teachers and enterprise experts, and enterprise tutors will be stationed in the classroom. Master of Engineering and Doctor of Engineering should have accumulated 1 year and 2 years of enterprise scientific research practice, so that students can start scientific research projects in enterprises immediately after graduation.
The country urgently needs to train talents. What is the focus of Harbin Institute of Technology's School of Excellence Engineers? Energy storage technology? Integrated circuit? Artificial intelligence? Double carbon? Aeroengines and gas turbines? Commercial big plane? Cultivate special talents in other fields. This autumn semester, the first batch of 252 graduate students have enrolled.
Get through the training of outstanding engineers? The last mile?
How to cultivate outstanding engineers with outstanding technical innovation ability and good at solving complex engineering problems? How to train excellent engineers? The last mile? ?
Liu Hanlong said, will it? Talent chain? Innovation chain? Industrial chain? Deep integration, gathering innovative resources, stimulating innovation vitality and optimizing innovation ecology are the only way for the high-quality development of science, technology and industry in China. Excellent engineers are scarce resources for scientific and technological innovation and industrial development. To train outstanding engineers is to make the way of running engineering education realize a fundamental change from the singleness and independence of disciplines to the interdisciplinary and deep integration mode between schools and enterprises. Make the training goal realize the fundamental change from attaching importance to theoretical teaching to attaching importance to the cultivation of engineering innovation ability; Make the evaluation standard realize the fundamental change from just looking at papers and awards to examining the actual innovation contribution.
In addition, we should also support the construction of a new school of outstanding engineers. The School of Excellence Engineers helps to strengthen the collaborative authorization of government and market for education, and fill the gap between modern industrial college and future technical college. At the same time, through project-based teaching and solid engineering practice, the School of Excellence Engineers cultivates students' product innovation ability and engineering ability, and explores and solves the innovation needs of the country and industry for key major technologies.
In 2020, Chongqing University cooperated with Chongqing Liangjiang New Area to carry out the new engineering education experiment, which was the first in China? Interdisciplinary and project-driven? Yue Ming Science and Technology Experimental Class of Chongqing University has opened up the boundary between production and learning, and achieved remarkable results. On this basis, Chongqing Institute of Excellence Engineers was established to deepen cooperation.
At the first summit forum on training excellent engineers, many academicians and experts also pointed out that promoting school-enterprise cooperation and deepening the integration of production and education are the core and key to ensure the quality of training excellent engineers.
? The training of outstanding engineers should change the teaching mode from traditional classroom teaching to on-site teaching, and set up classrooms and laboratories in the front line of the project. ? Zhang, an academician of China Academy of Sciences and vice president of Northwestern Polytechnical University, said that it is necessary to continuously cultivate graduate students' ability to find, analyze and solve problems in the front line of engineering.
Xiang Jinwu, academician of China Academy of Engineering and dean of Beihang University's School of Aviation Science and Engineering, believes that the current training mode of outstanding engineers in the aviation field is relatively simple, and there is a lack of interdisciplinary innovative talents. It is necessary to establish a talent training mechanism oriented to actual engineering needs.
In the Beijing Declaration on Training Outstanding Engineers jointly issued by National Institute of Outstanding Engineers 18 construction unit, it is also proposed that the training of outstanding engineers should always be coordinated, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of schools and enterprises, jointly design training objectives, formulate training plans and implement training processes, and realize the deep integration of engineering and technical personnel training and engineering practice. (Reporter Li Yong)