The words "the future has come" often occupy the headlines. Indeed, in the ever-changing moment, everything is changing like flying. Therefore, lifelong learning is not a slogan, but something that everyone should be doing. So, what do you need to learn in the future? What is valuable learning?
Professor Perkins believes that there are three major problems in the content of traditional school education and teaching: First, it pays too much attention to academic performance, which is in layman's terms the examination results of various subjects, no matter what this result means. Second, it pays too much attention to "understanding sexual knowledge" and ignores the grasp of knowledge connotation. The third problem is that professional knowledge is too compulsory, ignoring the soft knowledge related to life. The author puts forward a point here: in the stage of basic education, education should cultivate "amateur experts" to understand and apply basic knowledge confidently, correctly and flexibly without demanding professional knowledge. Rethinking our teaching, is it too "accurate" and too dependent on "textbooks"? Is it necessary for children to stick to the problem of "chickens and rabbits in the same cage"? The author takes the quadratic equation in mathematics as an example. Almost everyone has studied quadratic equation in school, but do we really use quadratic equation in our daily life? Few, few people. If you have, should you learn this kind of knowledge? Nowadays, big data is widely used around us and plays a vital role in people's decision-making. So can we increase the knowledge of "statistics and probability"? In other words, the content of learning must be "valuable in life". This also requires teachers to adjust our educational purpose: teaching is to make students better prepare for future life!
Overall understanding
Professor Perkins further emphasized that knowledge worth learning should help to cultivate learners' overall understanding ability. In other words, we can have a comprehensive, vivid and flexible understanding of what we have learned, look at the essence through phenomena, draw inferences from others, and apply them to practice well. How can we make children think deeply about something? How to make children have a global understanding of a concept? The best way is to let them discuss. For example, there are no lazy people in the world. When a person procrastinates, you should not criticize him for procrastination and laziness, but invite him to discuss a topic with other children, that is, why are people lazy? What's wrong with laziness? And how to solve the problem of laziness. Understand from the overall situation, thus helping children solve the problem of laziness. In life, 90% people don't need to know the whole situation. At this time, they use formula knowledge.
A person with a global understanding has three important advantages: 1 orientation-make your own rational judgment to determine your own direction in any situation, and don't follow the crowd. 2 think carefully-think carefully about the problem, instead of drawing a sudden conclusion easily or simply summarizing the conclusion with a particularly unscientific superstitious induction method. 3 deep learning-he is different from learning once and for all, and he needs to keep track of learning and thinking. Four criteria for overall understanding: 1. Profound insight: A holistic understanding should be helpful to present the operating mechanism of different worlds such as physics, society and art II. Action: The overall understanding should be able to guide us to take effective professional action, social action, rectification action, etc. 3. Morality: The overall understanding should make us become more moral, more humane, more compassionate and more willing to regulate our behavior. 4. Opportunity: Global understanding may appear in various occasions and take many different forms.
Open questions
In addition to the overall understanding, the author also believes that the knowledge worth learning should meet the following requirements: openness. The author mentioned that it is very important for learners to ask questions. This is actually to return the responsibility of learning to learners. Being able to ask good questions is a sign to test learners' learning ability and knowledge mastery. In addition, if all open-ended questions are good, they must be supported by curiosity. Educators should ignite children, then let them discover and explore, and he will give you a very surprising answer. Therefore, we must use open questions to inspire and arouse children's curiosity, because children's curiosity will gradually disappear and be erased. Therefore, the best teaching methods are problem-based method, case-based method, project-based method, and then using community service to learn, as well as studio learning method, which will make children feel particularly fulfilled. Two vital questioning methods in this book: the first question: What if it isn't? This question can arouse many people's deep thoughts. The second question: What is the real problem? This problem can often play a role in clarifying the clouds, and then it will make everyone deeply discover that this problem originally has cultural conflicts, social differences and so on.
The wisdom of the future
We need to look at education from a new perspective of "future wisdom", paying attention to both what is known in education and what is unknown in education. In today's complex and changeable world, we should strive to cultivate children's curiosity, inspire wisdom, enhance children's autonomy and sense of responsibility, and guide children to pursue meaningful learning actively, extensively and farsightedly.
real ...
Howard gardner put forward in his book Mind Trained by Discipline that education should focus on three themes: truth, goodness and beauty. "Truth" refers to the knowledge about the world and the way to acquire this knowledge, which is related to science, mathematics, history and other disciplines. "Goodness" refers to the role of ethics and values in human society, which is related to ethical issues in social research, literature and science. "Beauty" defines the core position of aesthetic experience and artistic creation in life and study, and designs literature, visual art, dance, natural beauty and other fields.
The ideal state of education is to protect the truth, goodness and beauty in children's lives. Children's world is beautiful, and there are truth, goodness and beauty in children's life. True, not hypocritical, not artificial. The heart is not bound by the outside world and goes straight to the inner world. Kindness is perfect and kind, and the truth and goodness of children are consistent. With truth, goodness will be stronger and better able to understand what true happiness is. Children's kindness is like a flower in bud, which needs sunshine, rain and dew and a warm climate. We need not to forget your initiative, protect his true kindness with encouragement and support, and continue to grow. Beauty is that children can appreciate and accept the most beautiful self. This self is not lazy or sloppy, and it is the best self. It is natural to have truth, goodness and beauty. What our parents need to do is to convey the care of beauty and let their children live happily. Children's life world should be diverse. The best education is to help children find their own life value, engage in what they like and live the life they want. Parents should pay attention to their children's life world, the truth, goodness and beauty of their life world, and constantly guide their children to discover themselves, affirm themselves and constantly know the most beautiful themselves at every stage of their growth and life transformation.
Education is not a process of finding answers. It is more like paving the road, which has to be done day by day, inch by inch; I hope we can be the most "real" ourselves with our children, have the most "good" behaviors, create the most "beautiful" life, and enjoy the happiness brought by growth with our children. That is the best state of education!
I think: education is not only immediate, but also poetry and distance.
Real learning
In China's basic education, this kind of learning activity is hardly encountered: designing a fish.
In just five words, in the real learning range, it takes a lot of effort for students to complete this assignment. Each student should compile a fish suitable for living in a certain ecological environment and establish a file for this fish.
The book puts forward five elements:
In this learning concept, information+knowledge is not enough, and another medicine-wisdom is needed. The input knowledge can only be called a porter of information, and it is wise to deeply decode and use it and output it correctly. Therefore, "learning for the future" should learn from the wise and learn for your comprehensive ability!
Shakespeare once said: "Books are the nourishment of the whole world. Life without books is like life without sunshine; " Wisdom without books is like a bird without wings. "Yes, reading can increase our knowledge, broaden our horizons and cultivate our sentiments. If you want to teach well, be a scholar first. Reading, let's be the best teachers and meet the best ourselves!
Liaoning Anshan Li Bin
? March 28, 2020