Second, the analysis of the elements of modern distance education system According to the "organization principle" of the system, the simplest description of a "system" is that the system is a process of processing input variables and transforming them into output. Meanwhile, the system is a subsystem of its superior system. According to this principle, we divide the distance education system into seven interactive subsystems: input, conversion, feedback, control, superior system, educational technology and output. Enter 1. Human resources. In the past, education was completed by teachers or trainers in a specific space (such as classrooms) with the help of linear courses, audio-visual or printed materials designed in advance. The students came just to give them a lecture and give them some guidance. No matter what they learn, the school has the best quantitative indicators-study time and exam results. Qualitative results such as ability and performance are indirect. Therefore, learners are hardly regarded as system inputs closely related to other system elements. However, in today's online learning environment full of technical media, distance learning needs a lot of diversified investment. The input of human resources includes not only teachers, trainers and service organizations, but also learners-a positive factor in the whole process of distance education system reform. Because knowledge comes from learners' acquisition and is verified by their behavior. If a learner performs well in a certain knowledge field, skill or attitude, he can often skip some processes and learn the next one directly. The input of human resources also includes technicians and support personnel, such as web designers, course planners, educational psychologists, satellite education service providers and audio-visual communication technicians, who also participate in the implementation of distance education. 2. Learning materials. As part of the input subsystem, textbooks, paper, pencils and many other supplies have been used in education or training systems for many years. At present, some new inputs such as software, multimedia CD-ROM, laser paper, toner, Internet browser and computer video system have become an important part of today's learning materials. 3. facilities. With more and more students studying through distance education based on network and video system, the classroom space may become smaller, but some space is still needed to build classrooms and place infrastructure such as TV equipment and computers. 4. Input during operation. In the process of implementing distance learning, the investment of funds, time and public facilities (such as water, electricity, transportation, etc.) is essential. ) and information. Time is a key factor. The planners of distance education need some time to prepare, coordinate and implement transmission, which is much longer than the traditional education system, especially the online courses. Considering that China's economic foundation is still very thin and its education funds are limited, it will take some time to realize modern distance education, which cannot be achieved overnight. The core part of transforming distance education system is transformation or transformation link, which consists of five interacting subsystems. Through the interaction between them, the expected results are achieved, and the ways and means to achieve the expected results are reflected. 1. Management. Management is responsible for explaining control variables, organizing teams and providing support and resources. In addition, they should also take the initiative to grasp the market situation, audience situation and audience demand. They also control the finances. 2. Content and course experts. Their main task is to analyze and design distance education courses that are suitable for student-centered, timely and based on ability training. They are also responsible for telling students the learning tasks and learning evaluation criteria in advance to ensure the smooth implementation of learning measurement methods. 3. Interaction and communication activities. Interaction and transmission in distance education has always been a part of the tasks that teachers and trainers must perform. In the process of modern distance education, the interactive planning between teachers and students, between trainers and technicians, between learners, and between trainees and learning content is particularly noteworthy. For computer network education and video-based education, personalized tutoring is replacing the method of teachers guiding students' learning in traditional education forms. Dialogue and feedback must be organized in advance, which is more important, especially for network-based instructional teaching. 4. Behavioral science and socialization. Under the traditional teaching method, a student only needs to sit in the university classroom, take notes, record some facts, and finally take the exam. Today, the "networked generation" is communicating with the Internet through e-mail. Planning interactive activities, such as mutual introduction, teamwork, cooperation and necessary evaluation, must be carried out in real time. Everyone is unique and has different learning styles. If you put them all in the online classroom, it is almost impossible to proceed. Therefore, modern distance education must conform to the behavioral characteristics of learners, especially their psychological characteristics and learning methods. 5. communication. "Communication" subsystem plays a connecting role in the above four subsystems, which is very important for arranging knowledge structure, transferring knowledge and experience, evaluating and continuously improving the whole transformation process. In addition to the above five subsystems, the conversion link must also have two auxiliary subsystems: storage subsystem and evaluation subsystem: 1. Memory. Every organization must always understand the process of its efforts, especially its history. Records of students and trainees, recognized history, communication records, personal data, implementation standards, benchmark data, test, task and evaluation records and economic reports are all stored in the education system. The application of new technology has greatly reduced the storage space of these contents, which was impossible in the past. Nowadays, many historical materials can be seen on the computer websites of enterprises and schools. 2. evaluation (RAE). The research evaluation (RAE) subsystem is also closely related to these operation records. The study of learning content, the evaluation of educational process and the evaluation of learners are the basic work of implementing distance education system. RAE is very important in the early stage of developing distance education courses, such as publicity, demand analysis and formative evaluation. Achieve the final output (team satisfaction, budget analysis, learner performance, comprehensive evaluation) through the operation stage. The RAE processing section inputs and retrieves contents from the storage section. They are crucial to the process of "transformation". The control mechanism guides and regulates the whole system. National and local laws, regulations and policies, especially the relevant provisions of the education authorities, all affect the realization of the functions of the distance education system. Some auxiliary factors in distance education, such as national economic budget policy and education investment, will affect curriculum, technology adoption and financial expenditure of personnel. As a link between service providers, teachers and students, the telecommunications sector will inevitably affect the implementation of distance education. The output of distance education embodies the function of distance education system and is also the goal of the whole distance education system. But we can't confuse it with the output of the whole education system. For the education system, the most basic output should be students' behavior in life, study and activities. The output of modern distance education system should be composed of the following parts: 1. Effective learning methods suitable for learners. "Modern distance education" is an educational form that uses modern information technology and educational technology to create a network environment combining computer, satellite TV and modern communication, and comprehensively uses various media and distance learning support services to provide learning opportunities and conditions for those who are willing to learn. (Ding Xin, Ren Weimin, 2000) Therefore, as the main education and teaching means to build a lifelong learning system in 2 1 century, providing learners with their own learning methods is one of the ultimate goals of the distance education system. 2. Learners' acquisition. No matter what the purpose of distance education is, learners always hope to gain something. Learners' acquisition includes: curriculum ability, ability to use materials to learn, ability to solve problems and so on. It can be seen that, compared with the traditional education model, learners' learning acquisition is mainly manifested in constantly enriching knowledge, solving practical problems encountered in work and adapting to the new working environment, not just exam results and obtaining academic qualifications. 3. Personnel satisfaction and system benefits. Individuals and groups engaged in distance education, their satisfaction and systematic financial reports are also important outputs. Whether in profit-making or non-profit organizations, educational institutions, community training and global cooperation organizations, employee satisfaction and the lowest value of their income all affect the existence of the whole system as a factor. Before deciding how to formulate personalized learning strategies, we must give priority to these outputs and make them reach a balanced state.