1, interest heuristic method:
The results of psychological research show: "When babies are interested in something, it is the best time to teach them to learn it. Only by teaching babies what they are interested in can babies learn actively. " For example, a two-year-old child will be attracted by the dancers' movements and clothes when he sees others dancing. After watching them for a while, he can't help imitating the dancers' movements. At this time, we should properly guide education and guide infants to focus on observation and help.
Master the most basic rhythm, guide him to dance freely on the basis of imitation, and pay attention to the fact that when children are excited about their own dance, educators should not limit or deny it in an adult mode, but should sensitively capture the "bright spot" for inspiration and encouragement. This dance bud starting from "interest" will leave a happy memory in the mind of this two-year-old child.
Educators should take the inheritance of "interest" as the starting point, constantly inspire children in a planned and in-depth way, provide them with materials, create a learning environment and give appropriate guidance, so as to stabilize children's interest in dance, master some basic body language and stimulate their desire to express.
Step-by-step approach
Preschool children's development is on the rise, so we should not be too hasty, but should gradually over-demand them. In the process of education, a step-by-step approach should be adopted. For example, a two-year-old child will clamor for scissors out of curiosity when he sees his parents using scissors. Faced with this situation, he can't rudely deny it, but should explain the harm of scissors, prepare a safe hand-made scissors for children, and put forward phased goals. Step-by-step guidance, from learning how to hold scissors at the beginning, to cutting paper with scissors, to cutting straight lines according to the lines on the paper, gradually increasing the difficulty, to cutting many parallel straight lines. Up to now, the child is two years old and eight months old, and he can operate scissors freely. This is a typical example of progressive education. This method is often used in manual teaching, painting, tearing paper and other aspects.
3, the game method Gorky once pointed out: "The game is a way for children to know the world. He is willing to play anything, anything. He is willing to know the world around him in the game. " Games are activities that conform to children's age characteristics. Game teaching is the characteristic of preschool children's teaching. Because preschool children's attention is mainly unintentional and the level of intentional attention is very low, preschool children's art education can not be separated from game method. It can improve the learning attention of infants, concentrate the attention of infants, and promote the positive activities of various senses and brains. For example, teaching pre-school children to sing, simply teaching singing will make them lose interest and divert their attention quickly, but using games will have different effects. You can adopt flexible and diverse game methods according to different contents of songs, such as learning.
The teacher plays the hen,
When the child is a chicken, the attention will be very concentrated, and the time for intentional attention will be greatly extended, which will have unexpected effects. Playing games is one of the common educational methods for children of this age, and it is also very suitable in other aspects of art education.
4. The method of encouraging praise must affirm the child's little progress and encourage \ praise in time. Preschool children are more dependent on adults, so they need praise and affirmation from adults. For example, a one-year-old child in the graffiti period has already asked to draw with strokes. After providing him with paper and pens, he just doodles on paper, satisfied with the drawing process and happy with the lines drawn, but at this moment, it is only. "Originally, it was unintentional graffiti. After hearing the appreciation, children will deliberately practice straight lines and diagonal lines, change their paintings, and express their willingness to draw. " It is raining again. "The appreciation of adults has stimulated children's interest in painting. On this basis, children gradually practice.
Educators should give timely guidance according to their works, give more affirmation and praise, and give children guiding suggestions in the tone of discussion or game. After proper guidance, children's painting level and skills, imagination and creativity have been developed and improved.
5. Visual demonstration method
Preschool children's thinking is very specific and action-oriented. Without certain intuitive thinking, children's thinking is often interrupted, so intuitive demonstration is also a method often used at this age. For example, a two-and-a-half-year-old child, when he sees an adult package jiaozi, has the desire to start package jiaozi. At this time, when an adult prepares colored clay, sticks, etc. He will roll the noodles methodically to wrap jiaozi. When you demonstrate the process of other masons' works, he will learn to make them, and with the improvement of his operation skills, his creative desire will gradually strengthen. Visual demonstration takes abstract preaching and explanation as concrete operation demonstration, and it is a way for preschool children to accept transactions.
To sum up, it is very important to study the methods of preschool children's art education, which includes both universality and particularity of preschool education methods, which is determined by the age characteristics of preschool children and the characteristics of artistic activities. The above methods need to be further studied and improved in practice, and other methods need to be summarized.
To achieve the purpose of using appropriate scientific methods for art education.
The goal of promoting children's all-round development.