Vocational education refers to the education that instructs the educated to acquire the professional knowledge, skills and professional ethics needed by a certain occupation or productive labor, including primary vocational education, secondary vocational education and higher vocational education (vocational education at specialist level, vocational education at undergraduate level and vocational education at postgraduate level).
Vocational education and general education are two different types of education, which have the same important position. Vocational education is a kind of education, not a level education.
Vocational education includes vocational school education and vocational training. Vocational school education includes various vocational and technical schools, technical schools and vocational high schools (vocational middle schools). Vocational school education is academic education, which is divided into primary, secondary and higher vocational school education. Vocational training is non-academic education, including pre-job training for workers, re-employment training for laid-off workers and other vocational training.
Basic definition
The state and the Ministry of Education have established the type status of vocational education. On June 20 19, the State Council issued the "Implementation Plan of National Vocational Education Reform", which clearly pointed out at the beginning that "vocational education and general education are two different types of education and have the same important position", and formally confirmed that vocational education is a separate type of education in China's education system.
On the one hand, this important orientation is a great theoretical contribution to vocational education, which makes it clear that vocational education is a type of education, not an educational level. It is of great strategic significance to correct the orientation of vocational education, give full play to its ability to serve the society and individual development, and promote the modernization of its governance system and governance capacity, which greatly enriches China's theory of vocational education with characteristics.
On the other hand, it has important policy orientation and practical significance, which clarifies the connection and difference between vocational education and general education, points out the development direction of vocational education, and is conducive to the vocational education system to clarify its own functions and functions, further explore and improve the unique school-running mode and talent training mode of vocational education, and better serve and support the national modernization.
Based on type education, firmly establish the important position of vocational education in the national talent training system, build a modern vocational education system, strengthen type characteristics, strengthen service development and promote employment, and constantly deepen the integration of production and education, school-enterprise cooperation, work-study integration and integration of knowledge and practice, thus embarking on a road of vocational education development with China characteristics.