In the teaching of this article, students should be guided to clarify their writing ideas. Experience the harmonious unity of scenery, emotion and reason, appreciate the artistic conception, philosophy and language beauty of the article, and cultivate students' aesthetic interest. Improve the ability to perceive and understand language.
Teaching objectives
Knowledge target
1, accumulate words, understand the meanings of words such as "arrogance, Qing Yin, gloom", and learn to use them.
2. Understand the author's understanding of the nature of life.
capability goal
1. Read the text repeatedly, clarify the writing ideas and understand the main idea of the article.
2. Experience the harmonious and unified artistic conception of scenery, emotion and reason, and feel the beauty of artistic conception, philosophy and language of the article.
Moral education goal
Understand the objective laws of life and treat everything in life, including happiness and pain, with an open mind and an optimistic attitude.
Teaching focus
1, stimulate students' association and imagination, and feel the vivid image in the text.
2. Try to find out the important sentences or paragraphs of the article and understand their philosophical meanings.
Teaching difficulties
Perceive the author's emotional changes and grasp the author's emotional tone.
teaching method
1, read aloud
2. Reading methods
3. Extension and expansion methods
training/teaching aid
mixed-media
Class arrangement
2 class hours
teaching process
first kind
[teaching points]
Read the text aloud and feel the whole; Think about reading the text, clarify the writing ideas and grasp the meaning of the text; Read the text, pursue beauty and appreciate the beauty of the article.
[Teaching Steps]
First, guide the design.
Design (1)
What is life like? This is a simple and complicated question. Everyone can answer this question according to their own life experiences and feelings. Let's listen to Bing Xin, an old woman in China's literary world.
Design (2)
Life is great and mysterious, rich and wonderful, simple and beautiful. Life is like a kaleidoscope, its shape and color are changeable. Facing this magnificent world, as an advanced life form, we are bound to have endless "life topics", endless "flower of life" and endless "songs of life". Now, let's enjoy a life aria with a long rhythm.
Second, reading the text, the overall perception
1, the teacher reads the text with music, the students listen, pay attention to pronunciation and sketch their favorite sentences.
Multimedia display:
Take (xié) Fang Xin (xρn) January (yρ) cloud (yρ).
2. Students read each other's texts, read and listen, and correct their pronunciation.
3. Choose three students to read the text, each read a part, and the others comment.
Teacher's comment: Pay attention to intonation when reading aloud. Emotional voice should be loud and emotional; Read deeper in places where feelings are calm.
4, students read the text aloud, and strive for full voice and rich feelings.
Third, think about reading the text and grasp the meaning of the text.
1, clear up writing ideas
Question: This article is "a work", which is done in one go, but with clear thinking and strict rules. Please tell me clearly what you think of the idea of this article.
Students discuss and communicate in groups, and it is clear that the full text can be roughly divided into four levels.
First floor: Just one sentence: "I dare not say what life is, I can only say what life is like." This is the introductory sentence of the full text and the starting point of the train of thought, which prompts the topic and causes the following,
The second layer: from "life is like a river flowing eastward" to "I can't believe the afterlife", describe the scene of life flowing eastward like a river.
The third layer: from "life is like a small tree" to "I can't believe in the afterlife". Describe the ups and downs of life like a small tree.
The fourth layer: from "The Universe is a Big Life" to the end, summarize the above. Express feelings and expound philosophy.
2. Read the text intensively and grasp the meaning of the text.
Teachers design related questions and guide students to discuss the text.
Multimedia display:
(1) There is only one word difference between "what is life" and "what is life like". Why does the author "dare not say" to the former and "can say" to the latter? Tell me your understanding according to the context.
(2) The author compares life to "a spring river" and "a small tree" and extends it. Please contact the train of thought and analyze the author's intention in writing this way.
(3) What role does the last layer play in the structure and theme of the full text?
Discuss and communicate at the same table.
Clarity: (1) "What is life" involves the ultimate answer to the essence of life, while "What is life" is a literary expression-with the help of easy-to-understand metaphors, it is easier to choose the cutting angle, which leads to the vivid description of the life process below and facilitates the author to express his unique feelings about life.
(2) A Spring River focuses on clarifying the power of life, while A Little Tree focuses on revealing the value of life. The connotations of the two metaphors complement each other, and the images completely illustrate the process and significance of life.
(3) The last layer summarizes the full text, pointing out and deepening the theme. At this level, the author reveals the essence of life (from humble and insignificant to growth and evolution), and lighting happiness and pain is the basic melody of life. This is the conclusion reached after the visual description of life phenomena in the last article.
Fourth, pursue beauty and explore the aesthetic value of the text.
1, ask students to talk about their feelings about reading the text for the first time and pursue the beauty of the text.
Health 1: The author reduces life to concrete objects, visualizes the concept of "life" and depicts the picture of life.
Health 2: This article has beautiful language, and metaphors and parallelism are everywhere.
Health 3: This article has a beautiful artistic conception and a blend of scenes.
Health 4: This article is full of philosophy and expresses the author's understanding of the nature of life.
……
The teacher concluded: Everyone spoke very well. This article is a rare beautiful article, which integrates emotion, scenery and reason. Below we will appreciate the beauty of this article from three aspects: artistic conception, philosophy and language.
2. Appreciate the artistic beauty of words (beauty lies in image, beauty lies in emotion).
Appreciation of "Beauty lies in image":
(1) As the saying goes, "One river springs water"
Multimedia plays a dynamic picture of a river flowing eastward into the sea. Snow mountains, cliffs, rocks, plains, grass trees in the sunset, peach blossoms on the shore, lightning, new moons and sunset clouds, the sea and other pictures come and go, and spring water runs along the way.
Students read "life is like a river flowing eastward ... and can't believe in the afterlife", and imagine the spring singing all the way with pictures.
Please describe this process in your own words according to the original idea.
Students speak freely. The teacher reminds students to pay attention to the joy and pain that embody this process.
② Taste-related words. Appreciate the characteristics of a riverside and feel this vivid image.
Students' independent evaluation.
Achievement display:
The four "sometimes" reflect the richness of the process.
Words such as "Ju", "Ben", "Chong", "Roll", "Chi" and "Xuan" embody the high momentum and are unstoppable.
Happy and brave, enjoying, angry, calm, happy and shy, frightened, resting and sleeping, etc. Describe the character and feelings of "spring water".
(2) Say "a small tree"
Flash, a multimedia animation, shows the growth process of a small tree: it is under-stretched in the soil, breaks through the ground, grows tender leaves, blooms, bees and butterflies fly, birds sing, the shade is like a cover, and it is fruitful, yellow leaves fly and the leaves fall back to the roots.
Students read "Life is like a small tree ... and they can't believe in the afterlife".
Please follow the original idea. Describe Xiao Shu's life course in your own words.
Students speak freely. The teacher reminds students to pay attention to the time sequence (early spring, spring, summer, autumn and winter), which reflects the unique calmness and gentleness.
② Taste related words and feel the vivid image of a small tree.
Students' independent evaluation.
Achievement display:
Several successive stages in the life course of young trees represent childhood, youth, middle age, old age and the end of life.
The words such as gathering, stretching down, breaking the shell, stretching out, singing, dancing, breaking free, standing upright, looking up, etc. reflect the impulse and forge ahead of the vitality of the young tree.
Brave, happy, quiet and cheerful, which embodies the vitality and calm feelings of the young tree.
Interpretation of "beauty lies in emotion";
Teacher's tip:
In the process of image description, the author's touching feelings are revealed.
He is full of passion when describing a spring river, which can be read from such words as "anger", "roar" and "Pentium". Then face all kinds of situations, feel happy and calm; Finally, describing the spring water in the sea, the mood expressed is calm and there is no happiness. No sadness.
It is different to describe a small tree. At first, it was full of joy and hope, and then it was "quiet and pleasant". Finally, when winter comes and leaves take root, it has extraordinary peace.
The feelings expressed in this article are rich and varied, but on the whole, the emotional foundation is positive and optimistic.
Students read the text aloud and carefully understand the author's feelings.
3. Teacher's summary: The author visualizes and personifies the abstract life, visualizes the process of life, paints a beautiful and vivid picture, and pours his deep affection. Let us fully feel the beauty of artistic conception, and at the same time understand and comprehend the essence of life.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) assigns homework.
1. When describing "Spring Water in One River", "he enjoyed everything he met along the way". What does "everything" mean? Please answer according to the context.
2. Imitate the sentence patterns and rhetoric of the following sentences and write two more sentences to form a set of parallelism sentences.
Life is like a river flowing eastward, it originates from the highest place, and ice and snow are his predecessors.
Second lesson
[teaching points]
Continue to appreciate the philosophical beauty and linguistic beauty of the article; Contact yourself, compare and reflect, summarize and sublimate; Extend and expand, recommend reading similar articles to broaden your horizons.
[Teaching Steps]
First, students read the text together.
Second, appreciate the beauty of philosophy.
1. Taste the key sentences and understand their deep meanings.
Multimedia display:
(1) How vast and great she is! How bright and dark!
He has melted and naturalized. He is neither happy nor sad!
(3) However, I dare not say or believe in the afterlife!
(4) He will hear the songs of orioles, the weeping of cuckoos, and perhaps the strange cries of owls.
(5) In the great life of the universe, how humble and insignificant we are, the activity and growth of one drop and one leaf synthesize the evolution and operation of the whole universe.
(6) Not every river can enter the sea, and those that don't flow will become dead lakes; Not every seed can become a tree, and those that don't grow will become empty shells.
(7) Life is not always happy, nor is it always painful. Happiness and pain complement each other.
(8) We should thank life in happiness and also in pain.
Students can choose sentences freely and communicate in groups.
Clear: The "sea" in the sentence (1) refers to the destination of life. "Light" symbolizes the apex of life, and "darkness" refers to the end of life. Life is an objective process, "light" and "darkness" go hand in hand.
(2) Life is a process, so we should face death calmly and calmly, which shows the author's normal mind of "being born in He Huan, why not be afraid of death".
(3) On the one hand, the author affirms that life can be regenerated, on the other hand, he denies the theory of "reincarnation" of life, faces life frankly, objectively and calmly, and loves life, which shows the author's positive and optimistic attitude towards life.
(4) People will encounter happiness, sadness, ridicule and even opposition in their life, and happiness and pain go hand in hand.
(5) Although every life is humble and insignificant, making up the whole human race can make history and push the society forward. Show the author's broad thoughts and broad mind.
(6) Not everyone can become a talented person and contribute to mankind. Without hard work and struggle, people will become walking dead and lose the meaning of life.
(7) Expound the dialectics of happiness and pain in life, and show the author's judgment and understanding of the law of life.
(8) This sentence is similar to Mencius's "born in sorrow", so we should learn to enjoy and thank the pain.
2. Question: What is the author's understanding of the nature of life? Talk about your understanding.
Students can discuss and speak freely.
For example, the essence and law of life lies in vigorous growth and brave progress, and no force can hinder or suppress it.
Life is weak at first, then powerful, and finally dead, during which happiness and pain, prosperity and adversity go hand in hand.
The road of life is tortuous, and we have to go through all kinds of hardships, including pain and happiness. Pain is also a kind of happiness.
Life exists in sports, and the process of life is a process of progress and struggle.
Individual life is a part of the big life in the universe and will eventually return to the mother of the big life in the universe.
The experience of life is fresh at first, then calm, and finally back to the mother of big life, without joy or sadness.
3. Teacher's summary: In this paper, the process of life is vividly described in philosophical language, indicating the author's outlook on life.
Qualitative understanding. Life needs to flow and grow. We should enjoy happiness, but we should not avoid the pain and hardship in life. We should be grateful for life, not only happiness, but also pain. If we want to respect life, we must explore the bright spot of life "growth" and pay tribute to indomitable life. If we want to cherish life, we must worship the nobility of life and cheer for every moment of the whole process of life.
Third, appreciate the language
1, sentence exchange
Please find out your favorite sentence in the text and recommend it to everyone, and briefly explain the reasons.
Students speak freely.
2. The teacher concluded:
Beauty lies in agility and subtlety. It is reflected in the two levels of "a river spring water" and "a small tree", which is thought-provoking.
Beauty is repetitive. "Life is like ..." "Life is like ..." Not only becomes a sign of writing level, but also gives people the feeling of melody rotation and repeated singing.
"He has melted and naturalized, and he is not happy or sad." He is solemn and alert, surpassing the fear and pain of ordinary people facing death. Language seems ordinary, but in fact it contains profound feelings and meanings.
"However, I dare not talk about the afterlife, and I dare not believe in the afterlife". I repeatedly emphasize and deny the theory of "reincarnation" of life, and treat life rationally, which shows the author's lofty life feelings.
Beauty is in poetry. "May there be enough clouds in your life to make a beautiful dusk", which is a poem. "Cloud" refers to rich and varied experiences. "Beautiful dusk" means that people live to a certain age. Or when you are old, you feel happy and gratified with infinite emotions. Bing Xin sincerely wishes our life experience is rich and colorful, and truly realizes the beauty of life.
3. Practice imitating sentences
Imitate the sentence "May there be enough clouds in your life to make a beautiful evening". Write two more sentences.
Students speak freely.
May your life be rich in colors and paint a magnificent picture.
May you have touching notes in your life and compose a magnificent song.
May there be a cool spring in your life to make an intoxicating cup of fragrant tea.
Fourth, connect with reality and experience reflection.
Teachers create a discussion atmosphere: The author says that life is not always happy, nor is it always painful. Happiness and pain always complement each other. Please contact your own experience of life and understand "life, suffering?" Leye county? "Say a paragraph for the topic and express your belief in life.
Due to limited experience, students may be trapped by many troubles in life. Teachers should use the lens to guide them, educate them on their feelings, attitudes and values, let them cope with life calmly, and thank them for their happiness and pain.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) extension and expansion
Teachers distribute written materials containing the following contents:
Read Zhao's life and see how the author views life.
life
Lihong Zhao
one
If life is a flower. It is beautiful when the flowers bloom and beautiful when they fall. I will scatter the petals of life one by one on the journey of life. ...
two
If life is grass. Never feel inferior! We should unite all people of the same kind and contribute our own light green to the world without stint. Therefore, the earth will be full of youthful vitality.
three
If life is a tree. We should put our roots into the depths of the earth wholeheartedly. Even if there are hard rocks under your feet, you should persevere in digging your roots into the crevices of the stone and draw on the source of life. It is certainly wonderful to be a towering tree in the forest and fertile fields; It is an honor to be a lonely little tree in the Gobi desert and barren hills, giving hope to the lost hikers.
four
If life is a ship. Don't stop, don't go with the flow! I will raise my sail and sail for the sea where no one has reached. ...
five
If life is water. Be a running water! Even a glance at a clear spring, even a stream, will flow tenaciously day and night, breaking through the blocked mountains and heading for rivers. ...
six
If life is a cloud. Never show off your beauty in the sky, and don't just wander in the wild. It should be turned into rain and sprinkled silently on the earth.
seven
If life is a log. Be an unpretentious bridge and let the roads blocked by running water and deep valleys be unblocked again!
eight
If life is just a dead branch. Then you don't have to have a green dream, turn into a torch and hit your feet from head to foot in the dark. ...
Students think. Clear: Real life is ordinary. Beneath the ordinary appearance, there is a heart that bravely faces setbacks, is full of self-confidence, is rooted in reality, is brave, modest and simple, and is ready to dedicate its passion at any time, so the ordinary will reveal a little nobility.
Sixth, the class summary
Taking A Spring River and A Little Tree as metaphors, this paper reveals the general law of life growth, growth and aging, as well as the general law of coexistence of pain and happiness in life, and expresses the will to struggle for life and the spirit of open-mindedness and optimism. The combination of scene and reason gives us the most beautiful artistic enjoyment.
Seven. distribute
1. recite your favorite sentence.
2. Read Bing Xin's prose Xia (see textbook P7 1), compare Xia and Talking about Life, and talk about their similarities and differences.
Hint: Xia was written in 1985, and Talking about Life was written in the 1940s. The writing time of the two articles is nearly forty years apart, during which our country has undergone earth-shaking changes, and the author has changed from middle age to old age. The themes of the two texts are similar, but the artistic conception is slightly different. Wen's mood is more exciting, and summer is more peaceful.
(See the lesson preparation materials section for the articles on summer appreciation.)
blackboard-writing design
Beautiful image (a spring river, a small tree)
On the philosophical beauty of life (life-growth, mobility; Thanks-happiness, pain)
My writing is beautiful (smart, implicit, repetitive and poetic)