Grammar translation method is the first complete teaching method system in the history of second language teaching, which is also called "classic method" and "traditional method". This teaching method takes systematic grammar knowledge as the key link, relies on the mother tongue, and mainly cultivates the second language reading and writing ability through translation.

Direct teaching method

Direct method, also known as "reform method" or "natural method", advocates oral teaching as the basis, listening before speaking, reading before writing. Contrary to grammar-translation method, mother tongue and translation are excluded from teaching, and the target language is directly related to objective things; Sentence is the basic unit of teaching, and contemporary common language is the basic teaching material.

03 situational teaching method

Situational teaching method emphasizes practicing the basic structure of the target language through meaningful situations on the basis of cultivating oral English ability. The representatives are Palmer and hornby. Teaching is characterized by starting from oral English, teaching materials precede oral English training, and then teaching in written form; Grammar items are arranged according to the principle of easy before difficult; Students can teach reading and writing after they have a certain vocabulary and grammar foundation.

04 listening and speaking method

Listening and speaking method is also called "sentence pattern method" or "structural method". The theoretical basis of linguistics is structuralist linguistics, which advocates structural comparison between different languages. The characteristics are listening and speaking first, speaking first and writing second; Practice repeatedly, and form habits through imitation and repetition; Advocate mastering the target language through sentence pattern practice, that is, the teaching content is centered on sentence patterns.

05 audio-visual method

Audio-visual method emphasizes the combination of auditory perception (recording) and visual perception (screen video) in the scene.

06 cognitive method

Cognitive approach advocates the role of learners' intelligence in second language teaching, opposes animal-based stimulus-response learning, and emphasizes a lot of meaningful exercises on the basis of understanding and mastering grammar rules. Emphasize student-centered, listening, speaking, reading and writing go hand in hand, and spoken and written language are equally important.

07 Total physical reaction

Total body response advocates linking language with behavior and teaching foreign languages through body movements.

08 suggestive method

Hint advocates setting a comfortable and quiet learning environment, creating a relaxed atmosphere and helping learners eliminate psychological barriers.

09 communicative approach

Communicative method, also known as "idea method", "function method" and "idea function method". It is a teaching system that focuses on language function items and cultivates the ability to communicate with language in a specific social context.