The original meaning of critical thinking is clear and rigorous thinking, which is far from the literal meaning of "critical thinking" in Chinese translation. For this reason, the Hong Kong Board of Education suggested that it should be interpreted as critical thinking, while Mrs Regina IP, a member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council and former Secretary for Security, thought that it should be translated into rigorous thinking. "Critical thinking" or "critical thinking" tends to think negatively and questioningly, leading to opposition and confrontation and unnecessary contradictions. This is not the original intention of advocating "critical thinking". According to the Doctrine of the Mean, there are five links, namely "study, interrogation, careful thinking, discernment and faithful behavior", which means more than just guessing. Among them, "interrogation, careful thinking and discerning" is the so-called "critical thinking", which requires daring to think independently and ask questions, but "thinking" should be "cautious" and "distinguishing" should be "clear", and doubts should not be added indiscriminately. This should have a foundation, that is, "erudition", wide knowledge and broad vision. After speculation, there must be a continuation of practice, that is, "perseverance." Critical thinking is a theme of American education reform in 1960s+0940s. It doesn't seem to be very successful, because later in the 1950 s, McCarthyism appeared in the United States. By the 1970s, "critical thinking" had become the focus of the American education reform movement, and the American student movement was in the ascendant. Since 1980, scientific research has been vigorously promoted to launch a space race with the Soviet Union, and "critical thinking" has been greatly respected, which has really become a climate. On 1987 "International Conference on Critical Thinking and Education Reform", Englishman Michael Screvane and American Richard Paul jointly issued a statement, pointing out that critical thinking is not a single thinking method, but a synthesis of a series of thinking methods, including scientific thinking, mathematical thinking, historical thinking, anthropological thinking, economic thinking, moral thinking and philosophical thinking. No critical thinking is applicable to anyone, and anyone may have irrational thinking. Therefore, we should devote our whole life to cultivating the skills and habits of critical thinking. The above is the definition of Wikipedia, which shows that the translation of critical thinking is not appropriate (just like the difference between evolution and evolution). I have argued with my parents who studied philosophy since I was a child, and I have taught myself critical thinking. But later I found that I was just a weak critical thinker. I used this kind of thinking to defend my point of view, instead of looking at everything rationally. Later, after I went to college, I was exposed to many books on critical thinking, and I really stepped into the society. Only then did I begin to understand what critical thinking is-an inclusive, rational and comprehensive view of things. The book I introduced to you is: The Power of Thinking-Critical Thinking Makes a Wonderful Life. This book is authoritative and well translated. It is the work of Richard Paul and Linda Aird (the systematic planner and pioneer of this critical thinking), but now this book is out of stock, and it may still be sold on Taobao. Note: Critical Thinking by Machinery Industry Press is not recommended, and its translation is extremely poor. However, other books published by Machinery Industry Press are of high quality, such as La Giraud's The Art of Thinking, neil brown's Learn to Ask Questions and Wolff's Focus. The translation of these three books is still in place, which can reflect the author's intention. Of course, it seems easier said than done. If you want to get rid of taking it for granted, you still have to rely on your willpower and rational long-term persistence. And please remember that critical thinking is more standard, not critical thinking. Ha ha ha ha ~ ~ ~