First, the original:
"Wen Xin Diao Shen Long Si" Southern Dynasties-Liu Xie.
The ancients said: "The shape is above the rivers and seas, and the heart is below Wei Que." Also called thinking. The idea of literature is far away. Therefore, I am silent and worried, thinking about the Millennium; Sad and moved, see through Wan Li. Between chanting, breathing the sound of pearls and jade; In an instant, Shu Fengyun was rolling. Its thinking is lacking! Therefore, it is better to think rationally, and to travel between God and things.
God lives in his chest, but ambition is the key; Things follow the eyes and ears, and words control their cardinals. Cardinal Fang Tong, then things have no hidden appearance; If the key is blocked, then God will have a heart.
Based on the spirit of Tao Jun's literary thought, it is important to be quiet, to disperse the five treasures and to bathe in the snow. Accumulate knowledge and treasure, enrich talents with strategy, read books and photos of poverty, train troops to express condolences, and then kill yuan, find rhythm and decide pen and ink; A craftsman who shines alone can get a glimpse of the image and get lucky. This is the first skill to cover the text and the great ending of the article.
Fu Si Party, Wantu Meng Jing; Rules are empty, and carving is invisible. Mountaineering is full of emotion, while watching the sea is full of meaning; How much talent I have, I will go with the wind and cloud. Party, gas times before resignation; When the article is finished, it begins with a heart folded in half. What is this? It's easy to be curious if the meaning is empty, but it's difficult to be proficient if it's true.
It is to give meaning to thinking and give meaning to words; Secrets are boundless, and sparseness is Wan Li's. Or operate in square inches, and seek the domain table; Or righteousness is close at hand, but thinking about mountains and rivers. It is based on grasping people's hearts and practicing mental methods, and there is no worries; Including the contract seal, don't bother.
People's talent, later speed and differences, writing style, the size of the work. The photos are as rotten as pens, and young people have lost their dreams; Huan Tan is sick and struggling; The king expanded his thoughts and exhausted them; Zhang Heng studied Jing for ten years; Zuo Si Lian Du Wei Yi Ji: Although there are great works, I think slowly. Huainan worships the imperial court and writes SAO. Gao Mei should write a letter and then write it. Zi Kennosuke is like a poem, Zhong Xuan's pen is like a structure, Ruan Yu writes a book according to the case, and Mi Heng plays while eating: although there are short stories, he thinks quickly.
If the husband is a gentleman, the heart always needs surgery; Min, you should make a decision before you think about it. Master Si, love Rao Qi Dao; In view of doubts, study and decide. Smart and successful, the longer you doubt, the better; Although the difficulty is different, the training is also very rich. Learning shallow and empty is late, then it is fast; I didn't smell it before. Therefore, worrying about articles for a while will have two evils: those who are depressed will suffer from poverty, and those who quit will hurt chaos. But it is widely regarded as food to feed the poor, and consistency is a good medicine to save the chaos; It is also helpful for your heart to have knowledge and become one.
If the number of emotions is complex, the body changes trade; Stupid words are pregnant with clever meanings, and mediocre things are sprouting new ideas. Depending on the cloth, although the cloud is not expensive; It is precious to contribute to the axis. As for thinking and expressing meaning, it is caused by songs outside the text; If you don't pursue what you say, your pen will solidify Zhi Zhi. Refine, then explain its wonders, change and then understand its numbers. Can't say ding, round flat can't say gold, it's very small!
Zan: God uses images to communicate and get pregnant. Things should be sought by appearance, but by heart. Carve the melody, and the bud will be more wonderful. Worried about the contract, put up a curtain and win.
Second, translation:
The ancients said: "Being on the edge of the river and the sea, my heart is attached to the court." What we are talking about here is imagination. The idea of writing, its imagination often flies to distant places. Therefore, when writers think silently, they will imagine life a thousand years ago; When he quietly changed his facial expression, he seemed to see a scene thousands of miles away; When he was reciting an article, he seemed to hear the beautiful sounds of pearls and jade.
As soon as you blink your eyes, you will have a changing landscape. This is not caused by ideas! Therefore, the brilliant idea of the article can make the writer's spirit move with external things. Spirit dominates the mind, but emotion and temperament hold its key; Foreign objects are contacted by eyes and ears, but words can make them express clearly. If the expressive function is active, then the appearance of things can be fully described; If the emotional temperament is blocked, then the spirit will be lost.
Therefore, when brewing literary thoughts, we must be open-minded and quiet, single-minded, clear away distractions and purify the spirit. First of all, we should accumulate knowledge like a treasure, secondly, we should distinguish things to enrich our talents, thirdly, we should understand things thoroughly through research and review, and lead to beautiful words along the way of thinking.
Only in this way can the mind that understands mysteries arrange words in a harmonious rhythm; Just like a craftsman with original ideas, he can freely use an axe to make objects with his own imaginary image. This is the first step to master writing and an important beginning to consider the layout of the whole article.
When the writer began to conceive, countless ideas came to mind. It is necessary to endow abstract thoughts with content that conforms to the law, and to carve images in the literary thoughts that have not yet been finalized. When the writer thinks of climbing mountains, his chest is full of mountains; At the thought of seeing the sea, my heart swells with the seascape. All my talents are free to gallop with the change of the situation. At the beginning of writing, the exuberant momentum exceeded the grandiloquence, and when the article was written, it had to be folded in half at the beginning.
Why is this happening? Si Wen imagines out of thin air and often imagines some strange things; Language is real and difficult to use skillfully. It can be seen that imagination is transformed into image, and image is transformed into language. When it is appropriate, it is seamless, and when it is omitted, it is thousands of miles apart. Sometimes the meaning is in your heart, but you have to go to the ends of the earth to explore; Sometimes the truth is in front of us, but it is like a distant mountain river.
Therefore, as long as you master your own mind, use the correct way of thinking, don't worry, make good use of literary talent and master the law of writing, you won't feel tired.
People's creative ability, writing speed and talent are different; The pattern of the article is large and small, and the skills are different. Sima Xiangru wrote with a pen, and the article was not written until the brush was rotten; Yang Xiong's dedication is too hard, so he is restless; Huan Tan was sick because of hard thinking; Wang Chong's strength failed because of excessive writing. It took ten years for Zhang Heng to discuss Erjing Fu. Zuo Si scrutinized Sandu Fu for twelve years: Although these articles are huge in length, they are also dull in thinking.
Liu An, the king of Huainan, wrote the Biography of Li Sao in one morning. Gao Mei wrote an essay on receiving the imperial edict; Cao Zhi's writing on paper is like reciting an article. RoyceWong picked up a pen and wrote it as if it had become an article; Ruan Yu leaned on the saddle to draft documents; Mihen drafted the memorial at the banquet: although these articles are short in length, they are also witty.
People with quick thinking are familiar with creative techniques, quick thinking and decisive decision-making. People who are pregnant slowly are troubled by feelings and wander on the road. They must find out the doubts and think carefully before they can finalize the draft. Write fast, so you can write in a hurry and have many doubts, so it takes a long time to finish the article; Although their speed and difficulty are different, they all rely on extensive knowledge and skilled skills. If you have poor knowledge, it is useless to write slowly, and it is useless to learn to write quickly.
No one has ever been able to write such a genius work. Therefore, when creating ideas, we often encounter two kinds of difficulties: people with poor ideas suffer from poor content of articles, and people with empty words are confused.
Enhancing knowledge can be used as a dish with poor content, and highlighting key points can be used as a medicine for confusing words; Knowledgeable and dedicated, which is very helpful for creativity.
As for ingenious ideas, complex techniques, works with changeable styles, rough words contain subtle truths, and ordinary narratives contain fresh insights. Just as cloth is to hemp, hemp is not more valuable than cloth, but once it is artificially woven into cloth, it is dazzling and very precious.
In addition, some subtle meanings beyond thinking and twists and turns that are difficult to explain in words can't be expressed by language, so I won't say it here. A writer must have the best writing style to illustrate its subtlety, and must have changeable thinking methods to understand its skills. In the past, Zhi Yi couldn't tell the secret of cooking, and Lun Bian couldn't tell the way to clear the axe, just because these were subtle.
Structural analysis:
The full text is divided into three parts.
The first part expounds the characteristics and functions of artistic conception. In order to make a good idea, it is emphasized that writers should pay attention to accumulating knowledge, distinguishing things, being good at using their own life experience and cultivating feelings.
The second part, taking writers of past dynasties as examples, expounds the different types of artistic conception. However, no matter how fast and difficult the idea is, writers should not only practice writing frequently, but also strive to improve their knowledge and grasp the key points in the idea. Only in this way can we achieve the success of creation.
The third part puts forward the necessity of artistic processing and explains the concrete and complicated situation of artistic conception, which can not be fully explained in this paper.
Shensi is an important document that comprehensively and systematically discusses artistic conception in ancient literary theory. His conception activity of "wandering between gods and things" preliminarily summarizes the basic characteristics of thinking in images.
Liu Xie's Story, although mainly natural scenery, did not explicitly mention social life, which is his shortcoming; But his emphasis on "learning" and "learning" not only includes social phenomena, but also shows that Liu Xie attaches great importance to the material basis of artistic conception.