First, (ideologically) legal consciousness should keep up with the development of the times and establish a socialist legal culture.
It should be said that there are good and bad legal consciousness and backward legal culture, and the legal consciousness and legal culture we advocate are new socialist legal consciousness and legal culture. This kind of consciousness and culture depends on the formation of several basic concepts, including several aspects: civic awareness, rights and obligations, equality and freedom, and contract concept. Let's have a look. These concepts are actually socialist concepts of the rule of law.
We said, "The problem of ideas is the greatest enemy." The legal provisions are so complicated that even people who specialize in law may not remember them. It doesn't matter if you don't understand the legal provisions. The key is to have a legal concept. What really dominates people's behavior is ideas. It is unrealistic and impossible to remember all the legal provisions. When we encounter something, we can ask anyone who knows it casually, which is enough for leading cadres. However, we can't live without concepts. Take leading cadres as an example. China has put forward advanced concepts such as putting people first, attaching importance to human rights and building a socialist country ruled by law. However, it is undeniable that in real life, individual leading cadres can be said to have no legal concept or a weak legal awareness. If we have no legal concept, then we can't understand the legal provisions, and then we can't act according to law, and the goal of a country ruled by law can't be achieved. Therefore, the concept of legal system is particularly important. However, the legal concept of our social reality can be said to be quite backward. Not leading cadres, but ordinary people in China. In China, ordinary people don't like going to court. China people can accept many things, but it is impossible to go to court. For a long time, people think that going to court is abnormal and shameful. Actually, it is not. In many developed countries, litigation is regarded as a normal thing and a common practice. If there are contradictions, they will resort to the law and rely on legal channels to solve them. But not from China. No one wants to go to court, be a defendant, and no one wants to be a plaintiff. In case of a lawsuit, ask for help, find a relationship, and see if you can find someone with power to say something. He will naturally feel that someone is easy to handle affairs, rather than solving problems by law. We say that habits come from ideas, and ideas dominate people's behavior. In the final analysis, such behavior is a problem with ideas.
Yan Cunsheng, a jurist, once said: "Because the concept is the soul of the system, it is the guiding ideology and spiritual power for the emergence and normal operation of the legal system, so the modernization of the legal concept is in a priority position." Therefore, in order to promote the process of legal modernization, we must vigorously advocate the concept of "law first" in society. The power of thought is great. We know that the Yamato nation is a very determined nation. In Japan, everyone has their own beliefs, and people will sacrifice their lives for their beliefs. In the late World War II, American troops attacked Saipan in the Pacific Ocean, and the defeat of Japanese defenders on Saipan was decided, but no one surrendered, the bullets ran out, and the soldiers rushed forward with bayonets. Japanese residents in Saipan are even more amazing. Some of them threw their families into the cliff, some set themselves on fire, and more people walked into the sea hand in hand. It is said that this frightened the victorious American army, and finally the Americans had to shout with loudspeakers, Don't be afraid, we won't hurt you. However, it did not stop the Japanese from going to sea in droves. I don't want to praise or criticize these practices in Japan. Today I give this example to illustrate a problem. There is a big ideological problem. Sometimes people can sacrifice their lives to maintain their beliefs. Then, if every citizen has a sense of abiding by the law, then an era of legal tragedy like the Cultural Revolution will never appear. If every citizen in China establishes the belief and idea of socialist legal system and defends the dignity of law with his own practical actions, then our society will certainly develop harmoniously, stably and smoothly along the track of legal system.
What is the importance of raising legal awareness?
Legal consciousness is an important guarantee for citizens to understand, respect, implement and maintain socialist legal norms. Citizens' law-abiding behavior will not happen naturally, but will be realized under the guidance of certain legal concepts and legal consciousness. With socialist legal consciousness, they will not only break the law, but also actively safeguard the dignity of the law. College students' legal consciousness is the requirement of modern legal system construction, and it is also the need to become qualified successors. And what kind of legal consciousness should a college student have? First of all, it is necessary to cultivate students' thinking of handling affairs according to law, not only to abide by the law, but also to supervise the observance and implementation of socialist laws, and resolutely fight against all illegal and criminal acts, so that the socialist legal system can be truly realized. Secondly, cultivate the concept that the Constitution and laws have the highest authority. To establish legal authority means to respect the authority of the Constitution and laws. No individual, organ or organization has the power beyond the law, and must act in accordance with the law, and resolutely oppose the legal nihilism concept of "power does great things" and "human feelings do great things". Make college students realize their position in national life and unconditionally obey and abide by the constitution and laws of the country. Third, the most important point is to cultivate the concept of consistency of rights and obligations of college students. The main spirit of law is to emphasize the unity of rights and obligations. To correctly treat the relationship between rights and obligations, citizens should not only exercise the rights endowed by law, but also fulfill the obligations entrusted by law, so that college students can form a correct sense of citizenship, defend their legitimate rights with socialist law as a weapon, and do not forget to respect and recognize the legitimate rights and interests of others when enjoying the rights owned by individuals, and do not forget to fulfill their obligations to the country, society and others. At the same time, we should put an end to all the wrong ideas of getting something for nothing, and cultivate the good idea that only paying can get something. In addition, it is necessary to cultivate college students' concept of the unity of law and freedom. China's Constitution and laws stipulate the rights and obligations of citizens from all aspects, and people have a very broad world of free activities within the scope prescribed by law. When exercising their rights, citizens should carefully consider the social effects of their own speeches and actions, and must not harm the interests of the state and the collective or the legitimate rights and interests of others. College students should establish a free life closely related to socialist democracy and legal system, and cherish and maintain the situation of stability and unity. Finally, we should cultivate the concept that all citizens are equal before the law. All citizens are equal before the law, which mainly means that citizens are equal regardless of gender, nationality, race and occupation. , equally enjoy the rights and obligations stipulated by law. Whoever breaks the law must be investigated according to law. All citizens are equal in the application of laws, and no one is allowed to enjoy privileges. The principle of equality is the essence of socialist democracy and law, and it is also the principle of legal system that Comrade * * * has always emphasized. Therefore, it is necessary to educate college students to establish the concept that all citizens are equal before the law. Second, the cultivation of college students' legal awareness (1) To improve college students' legal awareness, we must adopt various ways and flexible methods. 1998 The opinions of the Ministry of Education on the curriculum of "Two Trees" suggest that the course of "Legal Basis" can help college students learn the basic theoretical viewpoints of Marxist law, the thoughts of democracy and legal system, the basic legal basis, understand the basic spirit and provisions of the Constitution and laws, understand and practice the basic strategy of "ruling the country according to law" put forward in the report of the 15th National Congress, and enhance their understanding of the importance of law. According to this regulation, in the actual university education, we must adhere to the legal education in colleges and universities. At present, there are almost no basic courses of law in colleges and universities, but when carrying out legal education and offering basic courses of law, we should pay attention to cultivating college students' legal consciousness in teaching. Although most colleges and universities have offered law courses now, many students pay little attention to it because it is a public course with few class hours. Many students just want to pass the final exam, which is contrary to the original intention of the Ministry of Education to offer this course. As a law teacher, the author talks about some suggestions for students to popularize the law from the aspect of "teaching". First, the choice of teaching content: As mentioned above, the basic course of law is a public course in university courses, with few class hours, so the choice of legal content is particularly important in teaching. It is necessary to give full consideration to the characteristics and needs of students, highlight key points, write "fewer but better" articles, and teach departmental laws related to students, such as civil law, criminal law, consumer protection law, labor law, etc. It is closely related to students, so it is easy to improve students' interest, enhance the effect of popularizing the law, and let students understand the law through popularizing the law, which is worth using legal means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests. Second >>
On the influence and significance of strengthening legal consciousness and improving legal literacy on personal work and life.
Legal consciousness is a form of social consciousness and the sum of people's legal views and legal feelings. Its contents include the views on the essence and function of law, the requirements and attitudes towards the current law, the evaluation and interpretation of the law, the understanding of one's rights and obligations, the evaluation of whether an act is legal, and the knowledge about legal phenomena and legal concepts.
The forms of college students' reaction to law, law or its phenomena, that is, psychology, knowledge, views and thoughts, include their inner experience of emotion, cognition, evaluation and belief in law. This kind of reaction and experience is positive and dynamic.
College students' legal consciousness is an important part of our socialist legal consciousness. It not only has the basic content and characteristics of modern socialist legal consciousness, but also has its own characteristics, which is also different from the legal consciousness of general social groups. As far as its subject is concerned, the age level and education level of college students are different from other social groups or the public; As far as its content is concerned, because college students have not yet formed a mature scientific outlook on life and world view, observing and analyzing problems is not comprehensive enough. So their legal consciousness is obviously changeable and immature. Although objectively speaking, most scholars believe that legal consciousness must include the theoretical content of legal ideology, in terms of actual situation, the theoretical content of legal ideology still accounts for a low proportion of contemporary college students' legal consciousness.
Significance of strengthening college students' legal consciousness
1. Educational function. Legal education for college students is to cultivate their legal consciousness, mainly by imparting necessary basic legal knowledge, so that college students can fully understand the importance, necessity, arduousness and long-term nature of governing the country according to law, building a socialist country ruled by law and strengthening the construction of democracy and legal system. It is necessary for students to master the basic viewpoints of Marxist jurisprudence, understand and understand the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, master the main spirit and content of China's Constitution and basic laws, enhance their legal concept and sense of social responsibility, correctly exercise their rights and fulfill their obligations, actively study the law, strictly abide by the law, take the initiative to use the law, and consciously protect the law. The educational function of college students' legal consciousness is mainly reflected in improving their legal consciousness, making their legal consciousness change from comfortable behavior to conscious behavior, thus realizing the importance of law in modern society, taking law as a part of daily life, and finally realizing the purpose of legal education for college students.
2. Guiding function. We are building a socialist legal system with China characteristics that is compatible with the socialist market economic system. This is a very difficult task. Because before the founding of New China, the foundation of socialist legal system was quite poor. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, although we have accelerated the pace of socialist legal system construction, it still does not meet the requirements of the times. Many laws and regulations we formulated in the past have not adapted to the ever-developing objective material living conditions, especially under the special historical conditions of establishing a socialist market economic system, it is more urgent to speed up the construction of socialist legal system, especially to speed up legislation and strengthen law enforcement (including justice). The premise of legislation is the need of objective conditions, including both the development level of productive forces and the current situation of public legal consciousness. Laws are made to regulate people's behavior and adjust people's related social relations. If people's legal consciousness is low, the law can't be well implemented and enforced, and even in the process of implementation, it will increase the implementation cost of the law. College students' legal consciousness is closely related to the implementation of the law. If college students can have higher legal awareness, it will undoubtedly greatly promote the implementation of the law, and then drive and promote the support of the whole society for the implementation of the law. From this perspective, college students' legal consciousness has a guiding function. This positioning is relative to the public.
3. Evaluation function. The implementation of the law includes two aspects: observing the law and applying the law. As far as abiding by the law is concerned, the role of legal consciousness mainly means that the public regards the law as an integral part of their lives, consciously acts according to the law and consciously safeguards the dignity of the law. As far as the application of law is concerned, the function of legal consciousness is mainly to supervise the judicial activities of specialized agencies and ensure the effective, fair and timely implementation of laws. Here mainly embodies the evaluation function, that is, to make value judgments on the right or wrong behavior, whether the law is just and whether the law is effectively implemented, thus affecting the process of legal construction. Of course, because college students lack the ability to judge and distinguish complex things, they will inevitably make wrong judgments when making value judgments, thus affecting the evaluation function of college students' legal consciousness.
4. Standardize functions. The purpose of the ruling class in making laws is to regulate people's behavior with special codes of conduct such as laws, and to adjust customs, morality, policies and other codes of conduct with laws, but not to adjust or adjust invalid social relations between people. The realization of the purpose of law depends not only on the coercive power of the state, but also on the general improvement of public legal consciousness. Because the national coercive force is only an external force, legal awareness is the internal driving force to achieve legal purposes. According to the universal principle of Marxism, internal cause is the decisive factor of the development of things. The construction of modern legal consciousness of contemporary college students can make them consciously regulate their words and deeds according to the will of the broad masses of the people embodied in the law.
What is the significance of strengthening the study of legal knowledge?
First, adapt to the new situation and attach great importance to legal publicity and education.
Starting from the strategic height and overall situation of adhering to and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Party's * * * report clearly points out that it is necessary to "fully implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law, speed up the construction of a socialist country ruled by law", "carry out in-depth publicity and education on the legal system, carry forward the spirit of the rule of law, and form a social atmosphere of consciously learning the law and abiding by its usage". In-depth publicity and education on the legal system is an important task of implementing the general plan of the Party Central Committee to govern the country according to law, an inherent requirement of comprehensively promoting administration according to law and building a government ruled by law, and an important guarantee for comprehensively implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, promoting a harmonious socialist society and building an economic zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait. Price departments at all levels should fully understand the significance of strengthening legal publicity and education, enhance the consciousness, sense of responsibility and mission of doing a good job in legal publicity and education, and carefully organize and implement the "Fifth Five-Year Plan" for popularizing law. It is necessary to set up a leading group for legal publicity and education, and give full play to the role of legal institutions in guiding, coordinating, supervising, evaluating and accepting legal publicity and education. It is necessary to incorporate the funds for legal education into the financial budget to ensure the funding demand for legal education.
Two, pragmatic, conscientiously implement the task of learning laws and regulations.
Strengthening the study of legal knowledge is an important foundation of administration according to law. The competent price departments at all levels in the province should work out the learning plan of legal knowledge according to the arrangement of the learning task of laws and regulations in Fujian Price Comprehensive [2006] No.412 document, closely surrounding the actual work of local prices, and conscientiously implement the learning task. Adhere to leading cadres to take the lead in learning the law, improve the collective learning system of the theoretical learning center group of the party group, and ensure that more than two legal lectures are held in the name of the party group every year. Establish and improve the legal study system for cadres and workers, and seriously organize the study of the Party's theories, principles and policies on comprehensively implementing the general plan of governing the country according to law and accelerating the construction of a socialist country ruled by law; Studying the National Development and Reform System's "Reading Book on Popularizing Laws in the Fifth Five-Year Plan", especially focusing on the Constitution, basic national laws, laws and regulations regulating administrative actions and professional regulations closely related to price work, as well as the newly revised Property Law, Anti-monopoly Law, Provisions on Administrative Penalties for Price Violations, Regulations on Information Disclosure and Regulations on the Implementation of Administrative Reconsideration Law, we can adopt various lively learning methods, such as organizing lectures and special topics. Ensure the study time, on the basis of no less than 90 hours of self-study, each person will concentrate on studying for no less than 50 hours every year. Organize legal learning tests in a timely manner, carry out legal knowledge competitions and other activities to test the learning effect and ensure that the learning has gained something.
The importance of improving college students' legal awareness?
The Necessity of Cultivating College Students' Good Legal Consciousness
(1) It is the requirement of the times to cultivate college students' sound legal consciousness. Modern China embarked on the road of rule of law from the bottom of turmoil, and constantly improving the socialist legal system has been an unshakable policy of the CPC Central Committee since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee. The socialist legal situation of "abiding by the law, strictly enforcing the law, and prosecuting those who violate the law" has initially taken shape. With the continuous development of modern science and technology and the rapid wave of economic reform, the scope of social relations of legal adjustment is wider and wider. Contemporary college students shoulder the historical responsibility of rejuvenating China and realizing the four modernizations. On the one hand, we should continue to adhere to the socialist rule of law along the correct path pioneered by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party. On the other hand, with the continuous development of economy, there are still many new fields that they need to explore. Of course, this development is not blind, but within the scope permitted by the Constitution and laws. Therefore, only college students with sound legal consciousness can shoulder this historical mission.
(Nail 2) Cultivating college students' sound legal consciousness is the requirement of the nature and task of socialist universities. Socialist university is a place where outstanding young people are concentrated, and it is also an important base for cultivating successors of the communist cause and talents for the four modernizations. Its fundamental task is to carry out the party's educational policy and cultivate a new generation with moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic qualities, ideals, morality, education and discipline. The new generation of socialists must support the leadership of * *, adhere to Marxism-Leninism and * *, and adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist road. Adhering to the Four Cardinal Principles is the concentrated expression of socialist legal consciousness. So it's very demanding.
Students have a sound legal consciousness, which is the basic political requirement of socialist universities.
(3) Sound legal awareness is an important factor to promote the healthy growth of college students, a need for success, and an important way to effectively participate in social life. University is the golden age of life and a very important turning point. Young college students not only have to bear the physiological impact brought by the second growth peak and sexual maturity, but also experience a series of psychological turning points with the development of self-awareness. Psychological maturity can't keep up with the objective contradiction of physical maturity, which makes them face a series of problems such as politics, success, socialization and love. The handling and selection of these problems need the guidance and restriction of good legal consciousness.