From the early 1930s, the abolitionist movement began to rise in the northern United States. As early as the colonial era and the war of independence, B. Franklin, A. Jefferson and others put forward the idea of abolishing slavery. After the independence of the United States, the northern States abolished black slavery one after another. However, due to the rapid development of cotton planting in southern States, plantation slavery has been expanding, threatening the democratic rights of the American people.
Although the early abolitionist movement achieved great victory in the north, it made little progress in the south. /kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, there were many voices opposing the reservation of black slaves in all parts of the north, but the southern States insisted on slavery, and the abolition movement became increasingly fierce under the opposition between the north and the south.
The Northwest Land Law passed by the Continental Congress in 1787 was confirmed by the first Congress in 1789 and signed into law by President Washington. The Northwest Land Law takes the east of the Mississippi River and the north of the Ohio River as the boundary, and divides the scope of slave-holding States and free States. After the United States bought Louisiana territory from France in 1803, the newly purchased territory area was almost twice that of the United States, and most of the new territory was west of the Mississippi River. Therefore, whether to allow slaves to stay in the new territory became the focus of the contest between the north and the south, and abolitionists and slave traders also had a fierce debate, which became the main problem of society at that time.
From 65438 to 1940, many abolitionists advocated political struggle, and armed struggle was dominated by manpower. Some people insist on only moral preaching, disapprove of political action, and even oppose the organization of abolitionist political parties and armed struggles, and the movement is split.
Uncle Tom's Cabin, published by Mrs. H.B. Stowe in 1852, describes and exposes the miserable life of black slaves in a very touching way, which has aroused widespread repercussions in society and effectively promoted the development of the abolitionist movement. The abolitionist movement has a broad mass base among workers, peasants, blacks and women in the north. In the 1950s, it won the support of people from all walks of life and gradually formed a political movement with the nature of a United front. /kloc-The John Brown Uprising in 0/859 pushed the abolitionist movement to a climax.