1. Experiences and feelings of learning financial management
In this semester's advanced financial management study, the teacher taught us the content of this complex course with the simplest and clearest cases, which made us understand the course of financial management from all angles. Next, I will summarize this semester's financial management course from the course content. This advanced financial management course explains five situations of enterprises through five cases: strategic objectives, contraction, bankruptcy and reorganization, mergers and acquisitions and private equity financing.
The strategic goal of an enterprise makes us understand that a good enterprise has a good strategic goal.
Corporate retrenchment tells us that enterprises need to implement austerity policies or sell some assets in exchange for working capital when their institutions are bloated, inefficient or poorly managed. Enterprises don't realize that their institutions are bloated, expanding everywhere, inefficient, short of funds, and have not implemented effective austerity policies. Then bankruptcy reorganization will be our next topic.
On the contrary, if the enterprise develops well, it can seek further development through mergers and acquisitions. At the same time, enterprises also obtain development funds through private placement.
The above is my little experience in this class. I may not have learned too much, but it can set up the concept of financial management and enterprise development for my future work and life. This is my harvest, and it also plays a guiding role in my future study.
2. Financial management learning experience and feelings
Financial management is the fundamental guide for enterprises to engage in financial management activities. Through the study of financial management, I have a deeper understanding of the objectives, significance and means of financial management, and also let me deeply understand the great significance of strengthening internal financial management in enterprises under the new situation. Here are some views on how to strengthen the internal financial management of enterprises and enhance their core competitiveness: First, it is of great significance to strengthen the internal financial management of enterprises under the new situation.
(1) Strengthening internal financial management of enterprises is an urgent need to meet international challenges. China has joined WTO, and enterprises are facing unprecedented fierce and cruel market competition. From a global perspective, the competition among industrial countries has gradually shifted from technology competition and capital competition to management competition. However, the management level of enterprises in China lags far behind that of western countries. In order to be in line with international standards, China's enterprise management must realize the transformation from traditional management to modern management as soon as possible, focus on strengthening internal financial management and control, comprehensively improve its own financial management level, shorten the gap with developed countries in enterprise management, and meet the challenges of international competition.
(B) Strengthening the internal financial management of enterprises is the basis for doing other management work well. Because financial management occupies a core position in enterprise management, if this work is not done well, it will affect the development of other management work. The funds needed to complete other management work depend on whether the financial management department can raise them in full and on whether there are corresponding arrangements in the financial budget. With the continuous improvement of China's market economic system, the capital movement of enterprises will become more and more active, and their financial relations will become more and more complicated. If we don't attach great importance to it, we will not be able to do a good job in financial management.
(3) Strengthening the internal financial management of enterprises is an inherent requirement to protect the interests of investors. The most striking feature of modern enterprise system is the separation of enterprise property ownership and management right. However, because the goals pursued by business owners and operators are not exactly the same, some operators sometimes use various means to harm the owners' rights and interests in order to pursue their own interests. Almost all these phenomena are the result of weak internal control and lax financial management. In order to plug loopholes and eliminate hidden dangers, under the new situation, enterprises must attach great importance to the establishment and improvement of internal financial control mechanism, and use effective measures such as internal containment, authorization management, separation of incompatible posts, post rotation and avoidance to strengthen restraint and supervision.
(D) Strengthening the internal financial management of enterprises is an important means to improve competitiveness. Since the reform and opening up, especially since the xx plenary session, the intensity of enterprise reform has been increasing. With the development of enterprise reform, the traditional financial management system and method, which used to adapt to the single factory system and centered on cost control, can no longer meet the needs of modern enterprise development. The original management control system that only relies on the personal qualities of operators can no longer meet the huge group management requirements. Strengthening internal financial management is the inevitable product of the development of enterprises to a certain extent. A large number of facts have repeatedly proved that behind every successful enterprise, there is a relatively mature internal financial control mechanism; On the other hand, the internal financial management and control of a failed enterprise is often lagging behind or even chaotic. Therefore, enterprises, especially large enterprise groups, need to innovate management system, further strengthen internal financial control, replace the traditional individual decision-making mode with a perfect internal financial control system, implement hierarchical authorization and scientific decision-making, improve decision-making level and enhance the competitive strength of enterprises.
Second, measures to strengthen internal financial management of enterprises
Internal financial management is the core link of enterprise management. On the basis of full understanding, enterprises should take measures to establish a perfect internal control mechanism, form a full-staff, whole-process and all-round management and control network based on corporate governance structure, do a good job in controlling and managing capital flow, logistics and information flow, prevent and reduce financial risks, promote the fundamental transformation of enterprise economic growth mode and improve economic benefits. To sum up, there are mainly the following points:
(A) straighten out the financial organization structure
The quality of enterprise's control over various economic activities depends on whether its organization is effective. The organizational structure of an enterprise is both changeable and relatively stable. Enterprises should decide the appropriate organizational system according to their own business scale, internal conditions and financial strategy, so as to improve the efficiency of financial management, make full use of enterprise resources, reduce internal friction and organizational costs, and realize economic benefits and enterprise value. Enterprises should combine their own corporate governance structure, production and operation characteristics and regional distribution, determine a reasonable organizational structure, carry out scientific post division, strict post setting and strict authorization management, establish a clear responsibility system, and ensure the effective operation of internal financial control.
(B) the implementation of comprehensive budget management
Implementing budget management in enterprises is an important means to improve the overall management level of enterprises. The core of budget management is to arrange and plan the future behavior of the enterprise in advance, allocate, assess and control various resources of various departments and units within the enterprise, so that the enterprise can act according to the set goals and effectively realize its development strategy. Budget management should be based on the scientific prediction of the market and the premise of profit target, and comprehensively do a good job in sales budget, procurement budget, expense budget, cost budget, cash revenue and expenditure budget and profit budget, so that the production and operation of enterprises can be carried out scientifically and reasonably along the track of budget management. After the annual budget is compiled, it is decomposed into monthly budget according to the actual situation, and the monthly economic activities are analyzed to find out the problems and weak links in production and operation, which is also convenient for taking corresponding countermeasures. In this way, we can always grasp the artery of the enterprise's annual profit target, find the shortcomings, improve in time, and improve the management level of the enterprise.
In view of the scientific, mandatory and incentive mechanism of comprehensive budget, the implementation of comprehensive budget can greatly improve the management level of enterprises, enhance their competitive advantage and promote their development and efficiency.
(C) enhance the awareness of financial risk prevention
The market has always had both opportunities and risks. The caution of low risk and low return and the temptation of high risk and high return often make enterprises face a dilemma when making decisions. Risk management is particularly important. It is the common pursuit of modern enterprises to fully measure the degree of risk, combine their own tolerance, weigh the gains and losses through comparative analysis, and choose a scheme to obtain greater benefits with less risk. However, it should be noted that before making a decision, a series of prevention, preservation and compensation measures should be formulated for different risks, so that enterprises will not panic and be helpless when risks appear.
(D) to strengthen the quality of enterprise financial personnel.
Financial management has strong professionalism, technicality, comprehensiveness and transcendence. Modern enterprises must improve the adaptability and innovation ability of financial personnel. Therefore, the quality of financial personnel directly affects the quality of enterprise financial management. Strengthening the quality construction of financial personnel is the key to improve the level of financial management. Enterprises should regularly organize the training and study of financial personnel, establish the business assessment mechanism and reward and punishment system for financial personnel, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of financial personnel, and effectively strengthen the financial management of enterprises.
(E) the establishment of a scientific financial evaluation index system
Without a complete and scientific evaluation index system, it is difficult to judge the quality of enterprise management. Modern enterprises must establish an evaluation index system that can reflect both the profitability of enterprise assets and the profitability of enterprise assets, and combine absolute indicators with relative indicators to comprehensively evaluate the operating performance of enterprise operators. It is necessary to closely combine the actual production and operation of enterprises, formulate a scientific and reasonable financial index plan covering all aspects of production and operation, implement dynamic management, and timely feedback the performance evaluation to the executive department of reward and punishment decision-making, as an important basis for the internal human resources management of enterprises, strictly assess and promote the sustained and rapid development of enterprises.
(VI) Promoting the informationization of enterprise financial management.
To strengthen and improve enterprise management, we should have new ideas and methods. In view of the main problems existing in the centralized management, supervision and control of enterprise financial funds, we should start with strengthening the informatization of enterprise financial management, vigorously promote the use of computer network technology and unified financial management software, so as to strengthen and improve enterprise financial management and promote management innovation. Therefore, the application of unified computer financial management software, the integration of financial information and business processes, and the gradual introduction, digestion, development and use of international advanced ERP system software are the basic directions for the development of enterprise internal informatization. Enterprises should actively introduce, develop and use unified financial and business integrated management software according to the actual situation, gradually realize the integration and data sharing of information flow, logistics and capital flow in the whole process of production and operation, and ensure the standardization and efficiency of financial management such as budget, settlement and monitoring of enterprises.
In short, China's socialist market economic system is still in the stage of gradual establishment and perfection, and the modern enterprise system, as an important part of it, is constantly being explored and practiced, which determines that enterprise financial management should be constantly adjusted and explored to adapt to the new situation, so that financial activities can effectively and fully reflect, supervise and standardize business activities and promote the further improvement of enterprise economic benefits. Only by further strengthening internal financial control can we promote the overall improvement of management quality and level, continuously enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, meet the challenges of international competition after China's entry into WTO, and make enterprises invincible.
3. Financial management learning experience and feelings
Through a semester of financial management study, the teacher's novel learning mode allows all students to show their abilities and talents on the stage and let everyone feel the feeling of being a teacher. Many students feel a little overwhelmed on the stage, and some may be that there is no passion in teaching, so that everyone can realize the teacher's difficulty. I think this novel way of class is quite good. First of all, it ensures students to study fully and brings a fresh atmosphere and a different feeling to the classroom. Let everyone be more interested in the classroom.
In the finance class, by studying financial analysis, we can understand the solvency and operational ability of enterprises, so as to have a better judgment on the choice of future work in society. Understand the importance of financial management through learning. Of course, our study is still superficial, and we need to work harder to understand the application of financial management in real life.
I hope to apply what I have learned in class to real life in the future.
4. Financial management learning experience and feelings
Shortly after the beginning of this semester, I read the newly published book Financial Management. Actually, my emotions are very complicated. Since high school, my math scores have not been as good as expected. Presumably, financial management will also involve math knowledge, so I don't know if I can keep up with my study progress. But on the other hand, I was pleasantly surprised, because in the study of administrative management, I had the opportunity to get in touch with the knowledge about finance, which must be helpful for my future life. In this way, with anxiety and joy, I started the learning journey of financial management course this semester. At the beginning of the course, the teacher explained the lecture progress of this course to us. Surprisingly, it involves the basic knowledge of accounting, which undoubtedly interests me. A long time ago, my elders told me that I have a bright future as an accountant and I don't have to worry about finding a job in the future. For these reasons, I bought a set of books on accounting basics and vowed to take the accounting qualification examination, but for various reasons, this set of books has remained intact. At this moment, I finally have a chance to experience the knowledge about accounting, and my heart is full of joy. With the teaching in class, slowly, we began to contact some basic accounting terms, accounting vouchers, original vouchers, balance sheets and so on. , also began to do some relatively simple accounting introductory exercises. Indeed, when we get the topic right, we are very happy inside. Even a little progress has given me the motivation to study. At the same time, it also makes us realize that a word difference can be a thousand miles away. Because for an enterprise, if the financial manager is not careful, it is like missing a seemingly useless "zero" in the number, and the losses caused to the enterprise are difficult to estimate. This also inspires us from one side that we must be cautious and serious about things, be responsible for ourselves and our work.
When we really return to the study of financial management, it seems a bit difficult, because the more we learn later, the more unfamiliar terms we have, and the more concepts we need to understand. The third chapter, about the values of financial management and some calculations, I was surprised to find that money has time value, and it changes its value with time. Money will be more effective only if it is spent on investment, which can be described as "time is money". Money is not rigid, not just pieces of paper with different colors and patterns, but as flexible as running water. In the subsequent study, we also came into contact with the basic knowledge about financial management and finance. Although the study is not very in-depth, at least we will have some concepts in our hearts and have a vague understanding of investment.
After a semester, I also have some recommendations for this course. I think I can take some time to guide my classmates on how to manage their finances after four years of college or after graduation. Because college students' understanding of the concept of money is not very thorough and their understanding of financial management is not mature, if teachers can introduce examples to students in detail in combination with the relevant knowledge of books, then I think not only the students' intention in class will be improved, but also the course materials will become practical and attractive.
Generally speaking, I think financial management plays an indispensable role in the operation of enterprises or companies. With the continuous development and improvement of China's market economy and enterprises, financial management and accounting education in the new century have a new mission. Just like our liberal arts students, we should be exposed to economic knowledge, learn to look at problems from the perspective of enterprises, increase our knowledge, improve our competitiveness, and strive to become compound talents in order to stand out in the increasingly competitive job market. On the other hand, I think the real society is more complicated than we thought, because we should pay attention to practical links, flexibly apply what we have learned to the practice of the real society, and constantly develop and enrich the fields, which is the ultimate goal of learning any course.
Time flies, the course of financial management has come to an end. Although I may not learn much about financial management in this short semester, I can master and establish the concept of financial management in my future study and life. This is my harvest, and it also played a leading and guiding role in my later study of financial management.
5. Learning experience and feelings of financial management
After studying financial management for a few days, Professor xxx really popularized financial knowledge for us from the perspective of non-financial personnel. I think what I get is to establish financial concepts and how to read financial statements, and make correct management decisions according to the statements, which also gives me a superficial understanding of financial management. Now I will summarize my study experience in recent days as follows: First, through my study, I really realize that financial management is an important part of enterprise management. Financial management is not a department of finance, but related to all fields and links of enterprises. To some extent, financial management is the key to the sustainable development of enterprises. For example, the rationality of enterprise financial management will urge enterprises to strengthen management and accounting, improve technology, improve labor productivity and reduce costs, thus contributing to the rational allocation of resources and the improvement of economic benefits. From the long-term development of enterprises, systematic and effective financial management is for the value of enterprises. Secondly, we understand how to treat three statements of an enterprise, namely, balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. The balance sheet reflects the "present" of the enterprise, that is, the health status of the enterprise at the moment; The income statement reflects the "past tense" of the enterprise, that is, the "how" of the enterprise in the past; The cash flow statement shows the "future tense" of the enterprise, that is, the "how" of the enterprise in the future. Through the analysis of financial statements, how to warn the risks faced by the company and where the company's profit comes from. Know how to make good use of financial knowledge to reduce the company's business risk before the company expands or invests. Professor Chen also used some simple examples to make us understand the importance of capital turnover rate; The increase of accounts receivable and inventory leads to the decline of profit potential of enterprises; Why should enterprises borrow moderately to achieve profitability, and so on. As for the production and shutdown of low-margin or "loss-making" products that we are familiar with before, if these loss-making products contribute marginally, we should continue to produce even at a loss, and only in this way can the profitability of enterprises be higher. Management accounting not only brings scientific decision-making methods to enterprises, but also rationally allocates the limited resources owned by enterprises through decision-making and gives full play to efficiency to cope with the losses caused by the lack of market resources. Finally, through study, we know the time value of money. Some seemingly casual changes, after financial calculations, may be really shocking. I met an example in my work. The production was in full swing, but actually I lost money by the end of the year, so you didn't manage your money, no matter whether you were working or living. This is a good example. Combined with the actual situation of the company, I deeply realize the importance of doing a good job in departmental financial budget for 20xx for the coordinated development and sustainable growth of enterprises. Through a reasonable budget, the financial department can correctly predict when the company needs cash in the future, control the reasonable degree of cash expenditure and income, avoid unreasonable cash expenditure and reduce the company's operating risks.
The above is my little experience in studying these days. Although I may not have learned much in these short days, it is my harvest to master and establish the concept of financial management in my future work and life, and it also plays a leading and guiding role in my future financial management study.