First of all, combined with teaching materials, the characteristics of practical writing are expounded from four aspects: theme, material, structure and language. P2 A: The characteristics of practical writing are reflected in the following four aspects: (1) The theme is single, concentrated and clear, which is the central meaning of the article and the embodiment of the author's intentions, opinions or opinions in the article. Conciseness means that an article can only have one center, problems can only be clearly explained around one theme, and irrelevant problems can't be written in one article, so that the written article can be multi-centered, multi-topic and concentrated. It means that an applied article can only have one center, and this center should be the commander-in-chief of the full text, which should restrict the content of the article. The full text should be close to this center. Clarity is the central meaning of the article, and what are the author's intentions and opinions, so that readers can see at a glance without worrying. The twists and turns and implications of literary and artistic works are just rejected by practical articles. (2) The materials are diverse, authentic and powerful. Materials are all kinds of facts and theories that constitute the content, form the support and express the main idea of the article. Truth is the life of practical articles, and the authenticity of materials is the first condition to make articles true. Power is another characteristic that the material of practical goods should have. (3) The structure is reasonable, rigorous and fixed. Simply put, the structure is the internal structure of the article, and the arrangement of the structure is to organize the materials reasonably according to the needs of theme expression. Practical articles should be logical compositions, and logical compositions should be cautious and not loose and disorderly. The rounded ending, tight cohesion, distinct levels and clear paragraphs are the minimum conditions for the rigorous structure of the article, and also the structure of the application article. Fixation is an important feature of practical article structure. Writing according to a fixed pattern can standardize articles and make the written articles readable and practical. (4) The language is accurate, concise, simple and solemn. Language accuracy is the requirement of all articles. Whether the language is used well or not is directly related to the quality of the article. The language of any article should be concise. The so-called language is concise. The so-called language is to use as little language materials as possible and convey as much information as possible to readers clearly, which is plain, natural and easy to understand. The simplicity of language is first manifested in the straightforwardness of language, and the other meaning is the simplicity of language. Practical writing, especially for work, should have a solemn style, and the solemnity of language is one of the most important factors to form the solemn style of the article. In a word, single theme, clear focus, diverse materials, truthfulness and strength, reasonable structure, preciseness and fixity, accurate, concise, plain and solemn language are the basic characteristics of practical writing, and also the basic requirements for practical writing.

Second, combined with my own learning experience, talk about the importance of model essay reading to improve practical essay writing. P7 is familiar with 300 poems written by Tang Kun, and can sing even if he can't write poems. This is the experience of his predecessors. I'm talking about writing poetry here, but I'm talking about the universal law of writing, which is true of all kinds of writing. Through the reading of model essays, we can imperceptibly turn other people's experiences into our own and make them play a role in our writing activities. If we study writing, don't read articles and are not familiar with the actual situation, we can't form the most basic and comprehensive understanding of a style. Even if we learn writing knowledge, it is difficult to apply it flexibly in writing and make it a living knowledge. Reading is the forerunner and foundation of writing. Reading more model essays and getting in touch with the actual situation of the articles is an important way to gain perceptual knowledge of the articles, learn from them and improve them.

Third, combine teaching materials. Briefly describe the concept, characteristics, functions, constituent elements and classification of official documents. 1. official documents, that is, official documents, have broad and narrow meanings. In a broad sense, official documents refer to all kinds of written materials used by party and government organs, enterprises, institutions and social organizations in official activities. The official documents here refer to the official documents in a narrow sense, mainly referring to the thirteen official documents issued by the State Council. This is a document with magical effect and normative style formed by administrative organs in the process of administrative management, and it is an important tool for administration according to law and official activities. 2. Main features of official documents: 1. Magic weapon; 2. Policy; 3. practicality; 4. timeliness; 5. Normative. 3. Basic functions of official documents: 1. To promulgate laws and regulations and convey instructions; 2. Reflect the situation and ask for instructions; 3. Contact work and negotiate official business; 4. Publicity and education; 5. According to the certificate. 4. Elements of official documents: 1. Eyebrow part; 2. The main part; 3. Stamping parts. 5. Classification of official documents: 1) According to the relationship and direction of writing: upper writing, parallel writing and lower writing. 2) Classification according to urgency: urgent documents and ordinary documents 3) Classification according to confidentiality requirements and confidentiality levels: ordinary documents and confidential documents. 4) According to different functions: normative official documents, indicative official documents, reportable official documents, contact official documents and documentary official documents. 5) Classification according to whether the circulation scope is limited: internal documents and publicly released official documents.

Four, combined with teaching materials, expounds the basic requirements of official document writing. 1, be familiar with the principles and policies of the party and the state and relevant laws and regulations. In order to make official documents have strong policies and make their contents consistent with the principles and policies of the party and the state and the spirit of relevant laws and regulations, the author of official documents must be familiar with the principles and policies of the party and the state and the contents of relevant laws and regulations. 2) Understand the actual situation. The purpose of issuing official documents is to reflect and solve problems in practical work. In order to ensure the objectivity of official documents and the correctness of handling opinions, we must go deep into reality, investigate and study, fully understand the situation, and analyze problems realistically. Only on this basis can we write official documents with true and reliable contents and feasible viewpoints. 3) Follow the writing rules. Due to the extremely high normative requirements of official documents, various writing rules must be strictly followed in the writing of such languages. Among them, some rules were formally promulgated by the relevant state departments in a prescribed form, while others were established in the long-term application of official documents. 1) The choice of language should be correct; 2) The relationship between languages should be properly determined; 3) The arrangement of production and distribution procedures should be reasonable.

5. Choose two languages from the following four official documents and do writing exercises. (Suggested students: You can choose the shorter textbook.

Just copy down the model essay and change the company name, time and so on)

1, notify the model essay on page P33 of the reference textbook to write one by yourself. Or write an article on P32 page of the blue reference book. 2. The report refers to the model essay of the textbook P5 1 page. Or on page P64 of the blue reference book. Please refer to the model essay on page P57 of the textbook and write one by yourself. Or the blue reference book on page 74. Refer to the model essay on page 62 of the textbook and write an article by yourself. Or P95 in the blue reference book. 5. Meeting minutes.

The examples provided by the teacher below cannot be copied, and need to be modified, such as changing the unit and specific content. The examples provided by the teacher below cannot be copied, and need to be modified, such as changing the unit and specific content. The format can be written as follows. Just write it down. Example: Example: First, pay attention

Notice of Fuzhou University on Holding a Conference on Enrollment Work

All units affiliated to the School Office [2000] No.20: In order to do a good job in the enrollment work of our school this year and further implement the spirit of the central and provincial enrollment work conference, it is decided to hold an enrollment work conference after research. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows: 1. Meeting contents: Introduce and analyze the enrollment situation of our school in recent years; Focus on discussing and analyzing the enrollment situation and enrollment work arrangement this year. 2. Participants: the deputy directors in charge of student affairs in various departments of the school and all the staff of the Student Affairs Office. 3. Meeting time and place: It is scheduled to be held on time at 8: 00 am on June 18 in the conference room on the third floor of the school, with a one-day agenda. Fuzhou University Student Affairs Office June 2000 17

Two. report

Report on investigating and handling the situation of 40 workers in XX county's water conservancy system who changed their age and suddenly retired to make up the staff. XX Bureau [19 ××××] XX Municipal People's Government: This year 165438+ 10/4 wrote to inquire about the age change of 40 employees in the water conservancy system of XX County reported by Li XX and others. The relevant information is hereby notified as follows:19×××10/0. On October 20th, Comrade XX, the director of our bureau, and Comrade XX, the manager of the municipal labor service company, immediately went to XX county to investigate and understand the truth reflected by the masses. The county water conservancy system changed from 19××× 65438+. Because of my fraud, the 25 township governments where I work have issued certificates of age change without careful investigation; The county water conservancy bureau knew that there was a fake, but it gave the green light and went through the retirement procedures for them. Among these 40 people, the least has changed 1 1 month, and the most has changed for 23 years. The Communist Party of China ×× county party committee and county government attached great importance to this matter, and immediately took decisive measures: (1) suspending the formalities for the retirement of water conservancy system workers and the replacement of children; (2) the retired personnel should be inspected one by one, and those who do not conform to the relevant provisions of the policy and resort to deceit should be resolutely corrected; (3) Give serious treatment to those involved in fraud. According to the instructions of XXX county party committee and government, our bureau has instructed the county water conservancy bureau to clear 40 children recruited by the school, and all the 40 workers who have been cleared will be returned to their jobs before 19 ××× 12 1. After research, it was decided to give a warning to Comrade XX who specifically participated in this matter. The result of handling this matter has been published in XX county newspaper. It is hereby reported that the Municipal Finance Bureau of ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××

Third, ask for instructions

Request for instructions from the Second Commercial Bureau of XX City on the funds needed for adding underground fire hydrants Provincial Department of Commerce: XX Cold Storage of XX Food Company is a key warehouse for regional distribution. The construction area of the factory is1.2000 square meters (including 9,000 square meters for cold storage and 3,000 square meters for egg bank), and the materials stored are nearly ××× thousand tons, with a value of ×××× 10,000 yuan. Over the years, the fire prevention facilities in the factory area are relatively simple, except for simple fire prevention tools, there are only 1 fire hydrant. Years of disrepair, low water pressure, can not meet the requirements of water injection. Once an accident happens, the consequences are unimaginable. Although the provincial and municipal fire departments have made many inspections and suggestions, due to insufficient funds, they have not carried out construction in accordance with key reservoir areas. In order to ensure the safe production in the reservoir area, it is urgent to build 4 underground fire-proof bolts, Yang Yang Farm 1, 2 between the meat joint factory and the cold storage, and 1 between the egg factory and the egg warehouse, with an investment of 44,000 yuan (the plan is attached). No, please check the instructions. Xx second commercial bureau November 18th, 1981

Fourth, the letter

Letter on the request to solve the accommodation problem of senior teachers in our school

President's Office of Fuzhou University: In order to train teachers and improve teaching level, our school plans to send 10 teachers for further study. Due to the shortage of dormitories, we can't solve the accommodation problem, so we contact your school to find out about accommodation. It is reported that your dormitory is still spacious, and I sincerely hope to give you strong support and help. If this problem can be solved, the teachers who live in the dormitory can still do some voluntary work for your school, such as tutoring and correcting homework. No, please reply. Teacher Training School1March 1999 10

Verb (abbreviation of verb) meeting minutes

Minutes of the First Board Meeting of Education Foundation of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications: June 5438+February 2, 20001,8: 30 a.m. to June 5438+02: 00 a.m. Venue: Room 40 1, Administrative Office Building Attendees: Chairman Lin Jintong, Vice Chairman Zhao Qingshan and Secretary General Zhong Yixin Attendees: Chairman Zhao Jining presided over the office meeting of Chairman Lin Jintong. (a) about the division of labor of the chairman. In order to make the work of the foundation more coordinated, standardized and efficient, the meeting first discussed the division of work of the foundation directors. The work of the three vice-chairmen is based on the principle that the fund raising, fund operation and funded projects are all focused on, except that President Lin Jintong is clearly in charge of the overall work. The meeting decided that Jiang Zhizhong, Zhao Qingshan and Zhong Yixin, three vice-chairmen, should be responsible respectively, and the other vice-chairmen should cooperate. (2) The Third Seminar on University Education Foundation. Li Xiufeng, Secretary-General of the Foundation, and Wang Xin, Deputy Secretary-General of the Foundation, made a report on the third seminar of the Foundation for Higher Education to the chairman's office, and introduced the operation mode and management mechanism of the major university foundations that are working well in China at present. While listening carefully and analyzing the situation of this seminar, the office put forward some places that other institutions can learn from. (3) Examining and approving the articles of association of the foundation. The office carefully considered the revised articles of association of the foundation proposed by the secretariat according to the resolution of the first Council, and passed it in principle; In view of the upcoming promulgation of the new national foundation management measures and model regulations, the meeting instructed the secretariat to make necessary changes before submitting them for consideration and finalization. (4) About the operation mode of the foundation. The meeting agreed to set up three departments of the Foundation, and decided that the establishment of the Foundation in 20001year is tentatively set at 5-7 people, and it will be appropriately increased according to the needs of the work in the future. Regarding the relationship between the foundation and the alumni association, the meeting held that although the "two sessions" belong to the same level of independence.

Associations, but their work is inseparable, must support each other, unite and cooperate, cooperate tacitly, and implement joint office in operation mode. The financial office of the foundation hopes to create conditions for independence, and it will still be managed by the financial department of the school before independence. (V) The meeting reviewed and approved in principle the Work Plan of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Education Foundation 200 1 year submitted by the Foundation Secretariat, and requested the Secretariat to further refine the implementation and inspection of the work plan.

Secretary management and applied writing assignments II.

Combined with teaching materials, the characteristics and functions of business documents are briefly described. Transaction document characteristics: 1. The object is more specific; 2. The format is relatively fixed; 3. The writing style is more practical; 4. Time is pressing. Function of transaction document: 1. Implement policies and guide work; 2. Communicate the situation and contact the work; 3. Accumulate and provide information; 4. Publicity and education, inspection and supervision.

Two, combined with the teaching materials, briefly describe the meaning, purpose, characteristics and classification of the investigation report, and elaborate the writing requirements of the investigation report. An investigation report is a written report that truly reflects the situation after an in-depth and detailed investigation and study of an event or problem. The investigation report has a wide range of uses. It can be used to sum up the experience of a unit, a department or even a region, expose a problem, find out the truth of an event and introduce the development process of something. Characteristics of investigation report: 1. Authenticity; 2. Targeted; Typical. Classification of investigation reports: according to different contents, it can be divided into investigation reports that reflect the situation, summarize experience, expose problems, and a kind of academic investigation reports dedicated to scientific research. Requirements for writing investigation report: 1. Seriously investigate and study, and fully occupy the materials; 2. Carefully analyze and reasonably organize materials with correct positions and methods; 3. It is necessary to study its structural form and linguistic features.

Thirdly, combined with the teaching materials, the significance and function of the plan are briefly described, and the requirements for making the plan are expounded. 1. Planning is a document that a unit, department or individual writes, organizes and concretizes the work to be done or other tasks to be completed in a certain period of time. 2. The role of planning: 1) is predictive; 2) enlightening; 3) binding. 3. Requirements for planning: 1. In line with policy. When making a plan, we must implement the relevant principles and policies of the party and the state and the spirit of instructions from superiors, and we must not deviate from them, otherwise the plan will be meaningless or even counterproductive; 2. Proceed from reality. When making a plan, we should combine the overall needs with the actual situation of our unit. Don't talk empty words, let alone tell lies. We should give full consideration to objective conditions, and never proceed from subjective will and act according to personal will. 3. Be specific and clear. Write down what you want to do so that people can follow suit and check the work. 4. Leave room. Unforeseen factors have emerged, so we should take this into full consideration when making plans. It is necessary to leave room, be flexible and adjust the plan reasonably according to the actual situation.

Fourthly, combined with the teaching materials, the significance and function of summary are briefly described, and the requirements for writing summary are expounded. 1. The summary here mainly refers to the work summary. It is a kind of document material that reviews and analyzes the completion of a certain stage of work or a certain work afterwards, including achievements, existing problems and lessons learned, and provides help and reference for future work. 2. The role of summary: summary is a common transactional document in work, and summary is mainly to review the past. Looking back on the past, especially drawing regular things from it, is also to provide reference and help for future work. At the same time, summing up the past work itself is also a process of cultivating work ability and raising awareness. 3. Requirements for writing summary: 1). It is necessary to fully possess information and reflect the situation realistically; 2). Be good at analyzing materials and finding out regular things; 3) Choose the content reasonably and highlight the key points; 4). We should study this problem deeply to write the characteristics.

Combined with teaching materials, this paper briefly describes the differences between speeches and speeches and conference reports, and expounds the requirements for writing speeches. Speech is different from general speech and meeting report. Speech is generally used by people who can speak on behalf of the unit, and its content often reflects the collective will of the unit. The speech only reflects the speaker's personal views. Some were drafted by * * * personally, some were drafted by the secretarial staff according to the intention of * * *, and some were even finalized after repeated discussion and revision by a special writing team. Most of the speeches were written by the speaker himself. First of all, there are some differences in the length of the speech and the conference report. Speeches are usually shorter and conference reports are longer. In addition, they are also very different in the arrangement of content, expression, especially the use of language. Requirements for writing speeches: 1. Strong pertinence; 2. The theme should be focused and distinct; 3. The content should be attractive; 4. Language should be popular, vivid, imposing and literary.

Use the knowledge of stylistic writing in textbooks to analyze the following articles. 1, work plan; Refer to textbook 9 1 page 2. Work summary: 96 pages of reference textbook.

Please note; The following examples cannot be copied. You can choose an article, imitate the following analysis and write one yourself.

Example: 1 Analysis Text P 91Annual Work Plan of XX Sub-district Office in 2006: Example is an article guiding grass-roots units to conduct comprehensive safety in their annual work.

Comprehensive work plan of platoon. The title consists of several elements: unit name, applicable period and language name. According to some data, it can be seen that this is an arrangement made by which unit at which work stage. The text consists of preface (beginning) and text. In the brief preface, the basis and purpose of making the plan are mainly stated, which is roughly the same as the general writing at the beginning of the administrative document. The main part first defines the "guiding ideology" and "working objectives", and then states the "working tasks and measures", which includes both general ideas and specific practices, both general objectives and requirements, as well as specific indicators and measures. It should be said that the question of what to do and how to do it has been answered clearly in the main part. On the whole, the examples are written separately from "purpose and requirements" and "steps and practices". The guiding ideology and work objectives of the main part mainly involve current and requirements, and the work tasks and measures mainly state steps and practices. In the part of work tasks and measures, it can be said that these two contents are written together, that is, write a task, and then write the measures and steps to complete the task cheaply. This example has no special conclusion. Planning should follow policies, proceed from reality, be specific and clear, and leave room.

Example: 2. Analysis of the reference book of applied writing 14 1 page "Dehua county township enterprise bureau's work summary in the first half of 2006 5438+0": this paper consists of three parts: title, text and signature. This is a summary of grass-roots work. The title consists of several elements, such as unit name, time and genre. There is only the word "work" before the genre name, which means that it is a comprehensive summary that comprehensively reflects the work of the whole unit in a certain period, rather than a thematic summary that specifically reflects a certain work or a certain aspect. However, although in general, the example should be a comprehensive summary of the work, its content is mainly based on the situation of production and operation management, and related to the nature and characteristics of the unit. The text consists of three parts: preface, text and conclusion. The preface summarizes the situation in the first natural paragraph, expounds the guiding principles of the work and the basic situation of the completion of the work, and uses several key data, which plays an important role in outlining. The main part first talks about the achievements and measures taken in the work from six aspects: induction and examples. After writing the results, I pointed out the problems and difficulties in my work, which was objective and practical. Before each part, the main points are pointed out in the form of sequence code and subtitle, which is convenient for reading and understanding. The conclusion part (the last natural paragraph) clarifies the next goal and direction of efforts, which should be pointed out.