Wang Chong (27 ~ 97) was born in Shangyu and his ancestral home. An outstanding materialist philosopher and atheist master in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Born in an isolated family, he traveled less in Luoyang Imperial College and studied under Ban Biao. Born in Geng Jie, he was not allowed to enter the officialdom, so he quit his job at home and spent his whole life writing Lun Heng. This book initiated the simple materialism of the theory of natural vitality, established a complete theoretical system of atheism for the first time in the history of China, and laid the theoretical foundation of China's whole ancient materialist philosophy.
Wang Xizhi (303 ~ 36 1), a native of Linyi, Shandong Province, moved to Huiji Yinshan at the end of the Western Jin Dynasty. A famous calligrapher in Jin Dynasty, a general from the official to the right army, was praised as "Wang Youjun" by the world. He loved traveling, and later resigned to live in seclusion in Shengzhou Golden Pavilion. In 353, 465 and 438+0 friends, such as Wang Xizhi and Xie An, gathered in Lanting and wrote Preface to Lanting Collection, which was praised as "the best running script in the world". Preface to Lanting Collection is regarded as the crown of calligraphy posts and a perfect symbol of China's calligraphy creation. As a result, Lanting has become the holy land of calligraphy in the minds of calligraphers of past dynasties; Wang Xizhi was regarded as a "book saint" by later generations. Among the 40 statues of China cultural celebrities in Beijing China Millennium Monument is Wang Xizhi.
Xie Lingyun (385 ~ 433), a native of Shangyu, was the grandson of Xie Xuan, a general in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He is the first writer in the history of China literature who imitates mountains and rivers vigorously, and is known as the originator of China's landscape poetry school. Most of his poems describe scenic spots in Yongjia, Huiji and other places, which greatly enriches and expands the realm of poetry, makes the description of landscape independent from metaphysical poetry, dispels the metaphysical shadow that pervades the poetry world and expands the field of poetry creation. Since then, beautiful landscape poetry has become an important school in the history of China's poetry development and enjoys an important position in the history of China literature. The formation of Tang poetry in eastern Zhejiang in the Tang Dynasty was also directly related to Xie Lingyun.
He (659 ~ 744), a native of Yongxing (Xiaoshan), moved to Shaoxing in his early years. A famous poet and calligrapher in Tang Dynasty. Excellent poetry and prose, high taste in calligraphy, especially cursive script, is listed as one of the "Four Scholars in Wuzhong". He Zhangzhi is broad-minded and uninhibited. He often wrote poems with Li Bai, Zhang Xu and others, claiming to be the "Eight Immortals of Drinking", which was appreciated and praised by Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. On the day he retired from his hometown, Xuanzong personally led the prince and officials to give a banquet to see him off outside the East Gate of Chang 'an, which became a historic event in China literary world. His masterpiece "The Return of the Native" is well-known and has been told through the ages. Among China's many poems about "returning home", it is the oldest and most widely circulated.
Lu You (1125 ~1210) was born in Yinshan, Yuezhou. Famous patriotic poet in Southern Song Dynasty. He is the most prolific poet in the history of China's poetry, with more than 9,300 existing poems. Lu You's poems profoundly reflect the social reality of his time, and always run through the fiery spirit of patriotism. The most prominent and important theme is the desire to recover the Central Plains and unify the motherland, as well as the grief and indignation that there is no way to volunteer and the ambition is not paid. He made the most vivid, profound and intense concrete expression of this theme through beautiful artistic means, showing great artistic strength, establishing his lofty position in China's poetry circles and having a far-reaching influence on later generations.
Wang Mian (1287 ~ 1359) was born in Zhuji. Famous painter, poet and seal engraver in Yuan Dynasty. He is the representative writer with the most realistic tendency in the poetry circle at the end of Yuan Dynasty. He used his poems to resist the rule of feudal nobles, and profoundly exposed the dark side of society at that time. He loved plum blossoms all his life, planted plum blossoms and Yongmei, painted plum blossoms and was good at writing bamboo stones. The plums he painted are concise and free and easy, which can be described as "charming and elegant". He pioneered the method of drawing plum composition. The poem "The Picture of the Lost Plum" is an immortal masterpiece. His paintings had a far-reaching influence on the painting circles in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and laid a solid foundation for ink painting. He will manage printing, literati carving and return to Han and India. He is second to none.
Yang Weizhen (1296 ~ 1370) is from Zhuji. A famous calligrapher and writer in Yuan Dynasty. He was known as one of the "three noble people" at the end of Yuan Dynasty. He combined Cao Zhang and Mad Grass in his calligraphy, forming a strange and fresh style different from the popular Zhao Mengfu calligraphy, which had a great influence on later generations of wild calligraphers and was honored as "the master of reviving Cao Zhang" by later generations. He became a well-deserved literary leader at the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty with his fantastic poetic style. His poems are well-prepared and unique, which is called "Tieya Yuefu", among which the ancient Yuefu has the highest achievement and is called "Tieya Yuefu" in history.
Ma Huan (date of birth and death unknown), a religious person, believes in Islam and will learn from others. A famous navigator and translator in the Ming Dynasty, an outstanding messenger of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, and one of the pioneers in the history of world navigation. He is proficient in Persian and Arabic, and once went to the Western Seas with Zheng He as a fleet interpreter for three times, assisting Zheng He to carry out extensive friendly exchanges with Islamic countries on behalf of the Ming government, and completed the first official pilgrimage to mecca in the history of China. He has worked hard for 40 years to write a book, Ying Ya Sheng Lan, which records the situation of 20 countries and regions in Asia and Africa, and has become a precious document for studying Zheng He's voyages to the West, the history of Asian and African regions and the history of Sino-foreign exchanges, with great academic value. To commemorate Ma Huan's outstanding contribution, a small island in Nansha Islands of China was named Mahuan Island.
Wang Shouren (1472 ~ 1528) was originally from Yuyao (then Shaoxing prefecture) and later moved to Yin Shan. Famous philosopher, educator and outstanding representative of psychology in Ming Dynasty. His theory aims to build a new and effective ruling theory, characterized by subjective idealism, with the basic categories of "mind is reason", "unity of knowledge and action" and "to conscience", which is called "Yangming's mind study" in history. Yangming's Mind Theory, as the representative work of China's Mind Theory, has become a Confucian school that competes with Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism. For hundreds of years, its influence has penetrated into many academic fields, such as politics, education, literature and art, and affected the historical development of many neighboring countries. It has become one of the leading schools in the world and attracted wide attention.
Wei Xu (152 1 ~ 1593) is a man. Writer, painter and dramatist in Ming Dynasty. He took part in the war against Japan. He is versatile and unique in poetry, drama, painting and calligraphy. He is the founder of China splash-ink freehand brushwork school and the originator of Ivy League school. His paintings can absorb the essence of predecessors and be completely transformed. They don't want to look like gods. They do everything, landscape figures, flowers, birds, bamboo and stones. Flowers are the most important, which created a generation of painting style and greatly influenced the painting circles of later generations. They are listed as one of the top ten famous painters in ancient China. The book is good at cursive writing and has written many poems, which is known as "the next generation of talents". He can play the piano, is familiar with melody and loves opera. His Narration of South Temple is the first theoretical monograph on South Temple in China.
Liu (1578 ~ 1645) is a native of Qidong. A famous master of Confucianism in Ming Dynasty. He once gave lectures at Jishan Academy and advocated the theory of "cautious independence". He believes that after the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the disadvantages of Yangming's theory of mind became more and more obvious, and even went astray. Therefore, he tried his best to make up for the shortage of Wang Xue's last stream and formed a Confucian ideological system with "sincerity" and "cautious independence" as its purpose. Liu is a landmark figure in the history of Ming Dow studies in Song Dynasty, and can be said to be the last master of Neo-Confucianism. The Jishan School, which he initiated, had a great influence on the history of China's thoughts, especially Confucianism, and played a positive role in promoting the upsurge of practical learning in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and the development of early enlightenment thoughts.
Chen Hongshou (1598 ~ 1652) was born in Zhuji. An outstanding painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. He is a master painter who is good at figures, flowers and birds, and landscapes. He is as famous as Cui Zizhong in the north, and is known as "Cui of Chen Bei". His figure painting has the greatest influence on later generations. He used exaggerated deformation techniques to describe characters and was classified as a "deformation school" painter. His pen and ink changed his life, and he was praised by contemporary international scholars as "/kloc-the first among many artists with completely unique personal style in the 7th century". Chen Hongshou's artistic achievements in painting are fully reflected in his prints, and he has made outstanding contributions in the history of China prints. He is called "three hundred years without this pen and ink".
Zhang Dai (1597 ~ 1689) was born in Yinshan. Famous thinker, historian, art critic and "peerless essayist" in Ming Dynasty. His prose art paved the way for the late Ming people to express their spiritual leisure and transform it into ordinary people's feelings of the times. It took him more than 20 years to compile 220 volumes of Historical Records of Ming Dynasty, and then 63 volumes of Postscript of Historical Records were compiled. Shishi Shu inherits and develops the style of official biographies such as Historical Records, and its biographies are concise and meticulous. At the same time, the language of historical biography boldly introduces spoken language and common sayings, pushing popularization into the field of historical works. This immortal historical work has built a huge monument for the academic and cultural history between the Ming and Qing Dynasties and even the whole cultural history of China.
Zhang Xuecheng (1738 ~ 180 1), a famous teacher, whose real name is Shao Yan, is a Hui Jiren. Historians, thinkers and local chroniclers in Qing Dynasty were called "the only historian in Qing Dynasty" by Liang Qichao. At the age of 27, he presided over the compilation of Tianmen County Records. Since then, he has compiled as many as 12 local chronicles, including Tianmen County Chronicles, Hezhou Chronicles and Hubei Tongzhi. On the basis of summarizing the gains and losses of predecessors' compilation of local chronicles and combining with his own practice, he put forward a set of systematic and complete local chronicles theory. Yi Tong, his masterpiece, is regarded as one of the two treasures of China's ancient historiography theory, and is regarded as the foundation stone of China local chronicles.
Zhao (1829 ~ 1884), whose real name is Bei 'an, is a Hui Jiren. Famous painter and seal engraver in the late Qing Dynasty. He studied calligraphy from Yan Zhenqing at first, and then took the inscriptions of the Northern Dynasties in France. His regular script is tactfully written and is called "Di Wei's face"; Painting is bold and unrestrained, vigorous, free and easy, colorful and innovative, which is the first of its kind in Shanghai. Seal cutting has made the past serve the present, taking both Zhejiang and Anhui, creating a unique "Zhao Ti". In the late Qing art world, he was an all-rounder of "poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing", the greatest artist in China in the19th century, and a master.
Li Ciming (1829 ~ 1894), long-character method, Hakka, Huiji. Famous scholar and master of literature and history in the late Qing Dynasty. When he was a teenager, he was famous for his brilliance. After the defeat of the Sino-Japanese War, he died of grief and hemoptysis. Few people can match the diligence of reading and writing all their lives. There are nearly 50 kinds of books, totaling more than 78 million words. In particular, the Diary of Yue Maotang is the most respected, covering the experience of the ruling and opposition parties, the changes of cultural relics, local customs and academic experience during the forty years from Xianfeng to Guangxu. It is a rare book to study the history and academic thoughts of the Qing Dynasty, and it has the reputation of "a grand diary and a source of anecdotes".
Liu Dabai (1880 ~ 1932), whose original name was Jin Qingbang, later changed his surname to Liu, whose name was Ming Jing, whose name was Dabai, was from Shaoxing. Famous poet. 19 12 Edit Shaoxing Bulletin, 19 14 Join the League in Tokyo. During the May 4th Movement, he, Jing Hengyi and Chen Wangdao were also called "the four outstanding Zhejiang writers in the May 4th Movement". He began to write vernacular poems before the May 4th Movement, and was one of the initiators and founders of China's new poetry. His poems are very realistic, and he is called "the first poet to write about peasants' sufferings in China's new poems since the May 4th Movement". His Ballad of Selling Cloth was composed by Zhao Yuanren, a famous musician, and spread all over the country. The vernacular poems created in the early days initiated the new poetry of China, which greatly impacted the shackles of feudal ideas and rigid classical Chinese.
Du Yaquan (1873 ~ 1933) was born in Yinshan. A famous thinker and scientific enlightener. 1900 went to Shanghai to establish Yaquan Academy and Yaquan Magazine, which was the first time that the founders set up their own private universities and science magazines. During his tenure as director of the physical and chemical department of the Institute of Commerce, he wrote or presided over the compilation of hundreds of textbooks and scientific reading materials for primary and secondary schools, which influenced a generation of intellectuals. He once edited the first dictionary of botany and zoology in China. Compile the earliest science textbook, the latest Gezhi textbook, the latest written calculation textbook and the Chinese textbook "The Beginning of Literature" in China; Mendeleev's periodic table of chemical elements and Geiger logarithm table were translated for the first time. He devoted his whole life to spreading scientific spirit and popularizing scientific knowledge, and was a well-deserved "pioneer of China's scientific community" and "a typical scholar of China in the Enlightenment".
Lu Xun (188 1 ~ 1936), formerly known as Zhou Zhangshou, was later renamed Zhou Shuren, a native of Shaoxing. Great writers, thinkers and revolutionaries. 19 18 in may, the diary of a madman, the first vernacular novel in the history of modern literature in China, was published for the first time under the pseudonym of Lu Xun, which laid the foundation stone of the new literature movement. He wrote a lot of novels, essays, essays, poems and other works in his life, showing the ideological characteristics of patriotism and thorough revolutionary democracy. Among them, the novella The True Story of Ah Q is one of the outstanding works in the history of modern literature in China. He fought with pen as a weapon all his life, and was known as "soul of china", the flag of modern literature. He is the founder of modern literature in China. "Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow down and be a willing ox" is a portrayal of his life. One of the top 40 cultural celebrities in China Millennium Monument. In 2009, he was named "100 hero model who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China".
Cai Yuanpei (1868 ~ 1940) was born in Yinshan. China was a great democratic revolutionist, educator and scientist in modern times. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898, he sprouted the idea of saving the country by education, abandoned his official position and joined Li, and presided over the Chinese and Western schools in the county to promote new learning. 1904, Tao Cheng founded a revolutionary group-Guangfu Association, and served as its president. 19 12 served as the chief education officer of Nanjing Provisional Government, and gradually reformed the education system at that time. 19 17 to 1923, president of Peking University, put forward the school-running policy of "freedom of thought and inclusiveness", supported the new culture movement, and transformed Peking University from the traditional "bureaucratic training ground" into the highest institution of learning in China with active thoughts and academic prosperity. After 1927, he served as President of Nanjing National Government University, Dean of Academia Sinica and Dean of Supervision Institute. 1932 initiated the establishment of China civil rights protection alliance with Soong Ching Ling, and served as the vice chairman. Mao Zedong praised him as an "outstanding scholar and a model of the world", and the United Nations awarded him the title of "Great Cultural Man of the World". One of the top 40 cultural celebrities in China Millennium Monument.
Ren Guang (1900 ~ 194 1), pen name Qianfa, was born in Shengxian County. China is a pioneer of proletarian music movement, a famous revolutionary musician, and is known as "national trumpeter". 19 17 was admitted to Shanghai Aurora University. 1928 Director of Music Department of Shanghai EMI Records Company. 1In February, 935, the film "Remaining Refraction" composed by him won the "Honorary Award" at the Moscow International Film Festival, becoming the first film in China to win an international award. 1940 joined the new fourth army and died in the southern Anhui incident. In his short life, he wrote hundreds of songs, which inspired countless people in China to devote themselves to the national salvation movement with music, especially classic songs such as March of China, Go Home, March of the New Fourth Army and so on.
Ma Yifu (1883 ~ 1967) was born in Shangyu. Master of modern Chinese studies, philosopher, Buddhist, translator, poet and calligrapher. He was proficient in several foreign languages and was the first person to bring the German version of Das Kapital to China. The study of ancient philosophy, Buddhism and literature is very profound. He also studied calligraphy intensively, combining Cao Zhang and Han Li, and set up his own family. Feng Zikai called him "the master of calligraphy in China". As a poet, he likes singing. He is called "the first-rate poet in China today". After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he was hired as a professor of Zhejiang University and wrote the School Song of Zhejiang University. He was the last person to set up an academic institution and teach science in China. He wrote a lot in his life and was known as "the master of Confucianism, Buddhism and philosophy". Premier Zhou Enlai once called him "the only Neo-Confucianism in China".
Fan Wenlan (1893 ~ 1969) was born in Shaoxing. Famous historian and writer. He is proficient in literature, Confucian classics and history. He published many books during his teaching in Peking University and Fu Jen Catholic University 10. With the annotation of Wen Xin Diao Long, the academic circles recognized that "Fan Annotation is the most detailed" in the compilation annotation of Wen Xin Diao Long. 1Feb. 940, went to Yan 'an, and was entrusted by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and Mao Zedong to write A General History of China. The first and second volumes of the Outline of China's General History compiled by him are the first general history works in China to systematically discuss the history of China with Marxist theory. 1946, the first volume of modern history of China was compiled and published. This book is a pioneering work to study the modern history of China and a milestone in the field of historical research. He has been engaged in historical research all his life and is one of the few masters in the field of modern history in China.
Dong (19 14 ~ 1973) is a native of Shaoxing county. Modern famous artists and art educators. When I was young, I studied in Suzhou Academy of Fine Arts and Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts. After graduation, I went to Hanoi Art Institute in Vietnam for further study. 1943 went to the National Dunhuang Research Institute to study murals. 1946 was invited by Xu Beihong to teach in Beiping Art College. After the founding of New China, he served as a professor of the Central Academy of Fine Arts, deputy head of the painting group of the Creative Committee of China Artists Association, and a member of the Second CPPCC. His major works include Wuchang Uprising, founding ceremony and Spring in Tibet, among which founding ceremony is the most famous. He created a new look of China oil painting, which was deeply loved by people, and set off a "China oil painting style" in the painting world. Dong, an oil painter praised by Chairman Mao, is one of the top ten contemporary masters whose works are forbidden to leave the country in National Cultural Heritage Administration.
Zhu Kezhen (1890 ~ 1974) was born in Shangyu. Famous geographer, meteorologist and educator. He trained the first generation of geographers and meteorologists for China, and his General Theory of Geography is the first modern geography work in China. From 65438 to 0928, he served as the director of the Institute of Meteorology, Academia Sinica, and carried out various meteorological research work. Since then, China's meteorological cause has begun to take shape, completely ending the history of all foreigners issuing meteorological forecasts in China and sea areas. 1936 became the president of Zhejiang university and established "seeking truth" as the school motto. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, he led the teachers and students of Zhejiang University to move westward, which is known as the "Long March of the Literary Army". During his tenure of 13 years, Zhejiang University has been developing and growing with its excellent management ability, and has been praised as "Oriental Cambridge" by Needham, a famous British historian of science. After the founding of New China, he made important contributions to the establishment and development of modern meteorology and geography in China, and did a lot of useful work for the development of agricultural production in China.
Ma Yinchu (1882 ~ 1982) was born in shengxian county. Famous economist, educator and demographer. He is the first scholar in China to study economics in the United States and get a doctorate. During the Anti-Japanese War, he was the first to publicly expose and severely criticize the Kuomintang's economic policies and was imprisoned by the Kuomintang. After the founding of New China, he served as the president of Zhejiang University and Peking University. 1955 and 1957 spoke at the National People's Congress, expounding the population control theory with "controlling fertility and improving population quality" as the core, which was published by People's Daily under the title of "New Population Theory". However, he was wrongly criticized and forced to resign as president of Peking University and member of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). 1July, 979, Peking University was reinstated as honorary president and honorary president of China Population Association. He wrote a lot in his life, mainly including Ma Yinchu's Economic Essays, Introduction to Economics, New Theory of Money, etc. One of the top 40 cultural celebrities in China Millennium Monument.
Hu Yuzhi (1896 ~ 1986) was born in Shangyu. He has been a journalist, editor, writer, translator and publisher all his life, and he is a rare "generalist" in China's contemporary press and publication circles. 19 15 initiated the establishment of the "Literature Research Association" in Shanghai, and later jointly published a protest written by Zheng Zhenduo and other seven people to the Kuomintang authorities in Business Daily, which was praised by Zhou Enlai as "the fearless feat of China's upright intellectuals". He successively planned to set up literature, edited progressive publications such as World Knowledge, and publicized anti-Japanese and national salvation. 1940, instructed by the Party, went to Singapore as the editorial director of Nanyang Commercial Daily to open up overseas anti-Japanese propaganda positions. He is a famous propagandist. After the founding of New China, he served as editor-in-chief of Guangming Daily and director of the General Administration of Publication, and made outstanding contributions to the press and publication, writing reform, diplomatic career and United front work in New China.
Pan Nianzhi (1902 ~ 1988), also known as terroir, was born in Xinchang. China is a famous contemporary jurist. Engaged in revolutionary activities for a long time in his early years. During the Anti-Japanese War, she was in charge of anti-Japanese propaganda work in the Third Hall of the Political Department of the Military Commission of Chongqing National Government, and was called "the mother of anti-propaganda". After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Shanghai to engage in United front and intelligence work, and taught in Shanghai Law School and other schools. After the founding of New China, he served as deputy director of the Counselor's Office of East China Management Committee, director of the United Front Work Department of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China, and vice president of East China University of Political Science and Law. He has long been committed to the construction and popularization of basic theories of law and political science. He wrote a lot in his life and made outstanding contributions. Known as the pioneer in the field of law and political science, it is known as "northern Zhang (friends fishing) and southern Pan (reading)".
Wu Juenong (1897 ~ 1989) was born in Shangyu. Famous agronomist and tea expert. I studied in Japan and wrote "The Origin of Tea Trees", which proved that tea trees originated in China. During my work in Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau, I explored a set of methods for testing tea and founded Tea Newspaper. 1940, the first tea specialty department in China was established in Fudan University. The following year, he founded the first tea research institute in China in Wuyishan, Fujian, and served as its director. After the founding of New China, he became the general manager of China Tea Company. He has been engaged in tea research all his life and made important contributions to the revitalization of China's tea industry. 1987 Published Tea Classic Review. This is a classic of contemporary tea science. Lu called him "Cha Sheng of contemporary China" in the preface of this book.
Xie Jin (1923 ~ 2008) was born in Shangyu. Famous film artist. In his life, he made more than 20 excellent films, such as Red women soldiers, stage sisters, furong town, a wreath at the foot of the mountain and the Opium War. His works are closely related to the times, life and people, winning the reputation of the audience and making indelible contributions to China films, especially realistic films. His book My Pursuit of Directing Art has had a great influence on many film directors and actors. He devoted himself to the cultural exchange between Chinese and foreign films for a long time, and devoted himself to the promotion and dissemination of China culture, and made important contributions. Won the National May 1st Labor Medal, the national outstanding artist and other honors, and won the Golden Rooster Award of China Film Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2009, he was selected as one of the 100 people who touched China since the founding of New China.