The fire-fighting and rescue plan is the basic basis for the implementation of fire-fighting and rescue operations, and it is the fire-fighting and rescue action plan drawn up by the fire-fighting forces in view of possible fires in key areas or key units. The Fire Protection Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates: "Key units of fire safety shall formulate fire fighting and evacuation plans and organize drills regularly"; The Regulations on Duty of Public Security Fire Fighting Forces stipulates: "Public security fire fighting forces must carry out strict education and training in accordance with the prescribed requirements, be familiar with the relevant situation in the responsible area, and formulate and master the fire fighting plans of key public security units." Therefore, the fire fighting and rescue plan and the fire fighting and rescue plan are not only the main contents of the fire fighting and rescue preparation work, but also the important guarantee for completing the fire fighting and rescue work. They are conducive to promoting the implementation of the "six familiarities" work and an effective way to promote the combination of training and actual combat and realize the purpose of "training for war". It is the basic means to improve the commander's planning and command ability, improvisation ability and winning ability. I. Fire fighting and rescue plan and problems existing in fire fighting and rescue plan The formulation, organization and implementation of fire fighting and rescue plan is a prerequisite for winning the battle and seizing the initiative of fire fighting and rescue, and plays an important role in fire fighting and rescue work. Recently, in the inspection and guidance of fire fighting and rescue plans and fire fighting plans in grass-roots units, it is found that some fire fighting plans and plans are not specific, detailed and accurate enough, and some are even divorced from reality. The main problems are as follows: First, the standards are not uniform, and various texts are very different. Some grass-roots squadrons did not make plans according to the standards, specifications and drawings stipulated in the pre-plans and fire-fighting plans, and even the pre-plans or plans made by squadrons were quite different in format and content, and the first intuitive feeling was not good. Second, the formulation of the plan is unrealistic and perfunctory. The formulation of the plan is a meticulous and serious work, and the content of the plan must be closely combined with the actual situation, and it is impossible to copy it, let alone stick to the old ways and make the finishing point. Third, the firepower setting in the scheme is simple. Fire fighting setting is the main content of the plan, which directly affects the deployment of forces, fire fighting countermeasures, water supply methods and service guarantee settings. If the fire setting is not complicated (such as weather conditions, occurrence time, surrounding environment, combustible liquid burning, pressure vessel explosion, building collapse, trapped casualties, etc.). ), it will be impossible to accurately judge the development of the fire, and the harm and influence caused by the fire will not be effectively controlled. Fourth, the deployment of troops and countermeasures in the pre-plan and fire-fighting plan are too general and simple. Some pre-plans and schemes fail to plan and explain in detail the vehicle model, vehicle sequence, parking location, location setting and selection of special fire-fighting equipment. For key parts and floors with different patterns (layered underground buildings). In particular, the division of tasks and operational coordination of reinforcements are relatively rough, and the tactics and technical measures that should be taken in different stages of fire and various situations lack proper countermeasures and disposal methods. Fifth, the accuracy, rationality and scientificity of fire fighting power estimation are insufficient. The fighting squadrons, fighting vehicles and fire extinguishing agents used in the pre-plan and the pre-plan must be moderate and conform to the actual situation, and they cannot be identical, let alone separated from each other. Sixth, pay attention to formula, light study, heavy exercise and light effect. A complete and feasible plan should always be organized for cadres and soldiers to learn and master, and be strengthened ideologically and theoretically, and constantly improved in practice, so as to make the plan and scheme more scientific and reasonable and closer to actual combat. We should not only pay attention to how many plans or plans have been made in the whole year and how many drills have been conducted on the spot, but also unilaterally pursue the completion of tasks, instead of ignoring basic learning and even not seeking practical results in drills. This is not conducive to actual work, nor to rescue work, and even delay actual combat. Standardized fire fighting and rescue plans and fire fighting plans should not only accurately reflect the objective actual situation, but also conform to the different types, scales and protected objects of disasters and accidents, rationally use fire fighting and rescue forces, and adopt correct tactics and technical measures to provide basis for planning, command and on-site decision-making. To this end, we should do a good job in the following aspects: (1) Establish a mechanism to catch the source. After determining the key units, the squadron in the jurisdiction should participate in the acceptance work of the brigade or detachment, understand the situation of key units and key parts, and master first-hand materials to lay a solid foundation for the squadron in the jurisdiction to be familiar with the situation and deal with accidents. In addition, at present, the layout of ordinary fire stations in Southwest Guizhou mostly exceeds the standard of "the protection area of standard ordinary fire brigade stations should not be more than 7 square kilometers" stipulated in the urban planning, so neighboring squadrons are required to master the pre-plan and action countermeasures of cross-site key units, so as to play the role of the home team in case of an accident according to the principles of detachment going out to the police, neighboring squadrons going out at one time and strengthening dispatching. (2) Collect data and conduct on-site inspection. It is necessary to vigorously carry out research work in key units (parts), accurately understand and master the basic situation of buildings (structures) and production devices in terms of layout, characteristics, area, height, fixed fire extinguishing facilities, fire resistance rating, roads, water sources, personnel distribution, process flow, material storage and perennial dominant wind direction, and provide detailed data for making plans and plans. (3) standardize standards and strengthen quality. According to the regulations, the first-level units should make plans and plans, and the second-level units should make plans. The text and format of the plan should be unified and should be carried out around the scope, classification, grading and procedures of the plan. The quality of the plan should be guaranteed, and the worst plan should be made from the most unfavorable place. For example, the key parts can be located in the boiler room, but in the event of accidents such as explosion, open flame, high temperature and smoke, the countermeasures to deal with various complicated situations should be explained one by one. (4) Clear the scope and determine the key points. According to the characteristics of the protected object, it is necessary to analyze the various factors that cause the fire, the parts prone to fire, the ways of development and spread, the equipment configuration, the actual combat situation of the troops, the possible impact, the danger of explosion and poisoning, and formulate tactical measures. If the vehicles and equipment currently equipped by the squadron can't meet the planning standards and quantity required by the plan, the squadron should also draw it out, and after enrichment and development, the plan will be more and more perfect. (five) the fire scene is set in place and the fire point is judged accurately. Fire protection setting is the key content of the plan. Should be close to actual combat, around the building, production equipment, such as collapse, explosion, poisoning, personnel trapped, etc. The setting of fire point shall conform to the site conditions and strive for accuracy. First, we should focus on the key parts with high fire risk or the parts with relatively concentrated personnel in the building; Second, the initial fire is not conducive to control and fighting, and it is not conducive to the rescue of evacuated personnel; The third is to consider the unfavorable combat time at night. (6) Accurate estimation and reasonable deployment. Strength estimation is the main content of pre-plan and scheme formulation, and it is the basic basis of fire fighting and rescue operations. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to understand the fire load of buildings and production devices, the use forms and conditions of fire and electricity, and fix fire-fighting facilities, and then estimate according to the fire-fighting methods and extinguishing agents to be used at the fire site. Secondly, according to the fire resistance grade, use, number of floors, volume, area, surrounding environment, meteorological conditions, equipment, communication conditions, etc. The fire fighting capacity of buildings (structures) is estimated. (7) Strengthen practical application and improve actual combat capability. The purpose of making feasible plans and schemes is to put them into practice and ensure that they really play a role in fire fighting and rescue work. Only by organizing regular learning and practicing in a simulated field environment can we enhance our actual combat capability (each scheme should be practiced every year, including evening 1-2 drills). In addition, we should pay a return visit in time, so that when the nature of use changes, the use changes, redecorates and other situations occur, we can not only grasp them in time, but also verify the actual effects set in the plan, such as organization and command, technical and tactical measures, division of labor and cooperation, adaptability, etc., find the shortcomings and modify them in time, improve them in actual combat, and achieve practical results, otherwise the best plan can only be an armchair strategist. (eight) to establish a sharing platform, give full play to the advantages of resources. Key units to determine, on-site inspection, data collection, disposal decision-making and other plans for the examination and approval, we should make full use of the network platform and office automation carrier conditions, timely data transmission, strengthen information feedback, and timely understand and master the scene dynamics. Key departments, communications, combat training, command center and other relevant functional departments should give professional and technical guidance, and the disposal plans, pre-plans and cards of key units formulated by brigades and squadrons should be archived and entered into the database after being audited by detachments, so as to ensure the normal development of this work and really play a role. Three. Suggestion 1. In the era of information network, we should advocate scientific and technological progress and content. At present, the method of making plans with paper handwriting and microcomputer drawing in fire fighting forces has not adapted to the requirements of scientific and technological training. All ministries, bureaus and corps should put forward higher requirements, including financial and technical support. Even if it is difficult to unify the national standards, the provincial corps should issue interim standards. 2. Speeding up the research, development, promotion and use of digital plan management system in key units, and demanding police force and combat effectiveness from science and technology is the development direction. Therefore, it is necessary to increase capital investment, strengthen personnel training, provide real situation for firefighters, and help improve fire fighting and emergency response capabilities. Making a scientific, accurate, complete and practical fire-fighting and rescue plan can not only improve the quality of fire-fighting and rescue preparation of fire-fighting duty teams, but also greatly promote firefighters' understanding and research on new tactics, which is an important guarantee for improving the combat capability of troops.