A comparative study of Chinese and Japanese education.
This paper discusses the Japanese education model and its advantages and disadvantages, which leads to a pertinent evaluation and reflection on China education. Only by maintaining China's basic quality education and all-round development can we absorb the success of foreign education. In view of the present situation of education in China, the existing problems are put forward. Only the development of education is the foundation of the country. We should devote ourselves to education and vigorously develop correct, perfect and progressive education in China.
Keywords education; Advantages and disadvantages; China; Japan; develop
People's educator Tao Xingzhi once said: Education is the foundation of the country? . It is also said that today's education is tomorrow's technology and the economy the day after tomorrow. With the rapid development of science and technology and the increasingly fierce competition of comprehensive national strength in various countries, talents are the core of all competitions, and the most important competition of talents is the competition of education. After studying Japanese for several years and studying in Japan, I have some superficial views on the educational methods in Japan and China.
First, the characteristics of compulsory education in Japan
Modern education in Japan is promoted by the government. Steady, continuous, planned and gradual progress are the characteristics of Japanese education. The government is determined to vigorously develop education. Imperial edict is the second constitution of Japan, and * * * also attaches great importance to education.
In addition, The Essentials of Learning Guidance guides the curriculum reform in Japan, and is basically revised once every ten years. After the mid-1980s, it mainly focused on the issues of ability training, reducing excessive competition in exams, mental health and so on. In the stage of juvenile education, the scope and proportion of elective courses have been expanded. Later, due to the informationization, internationalization and scientific and technological development of the world, Japan also cultivated students' independent thinking, independent problem solving, action and judgment.
Japan believes that it is very important to build a school education suitable for children's growth. The report of the Education Curriculum Review Committee pointed out that in recent years, Japanese teenagers have serious problems in moral values, social development, social norm awareness and self-reliance ability. Bullying the weak, truancy and violence often occur. Therefore, education should not only solve its own problems, adapt to the growth and development of teenagers, but also adapt to the needs of social change. In view of the above needs, Japan should pay attention to students' mental health, master correct values, stimulate students' interest and motivation in learning, and cultivate their independent thinking and practical ability, which is flexible and changeable.
Second, the characteristics of education in China
The basic direction and mode of modern and modernized education in China are the same as those in Japan, but there is no one because of the turbulent situation and slow development? The second constitution? The legal documents of guiding education with the same status have not achieved as good results as Japan.
The basic education in China is under the overall responsibility of the government, which is in charge of the development and reform of basic education. Therefore, rapid and thorough reform is the advantage of China's education, but there are also policy mistakes. In China, where basic education, vocational education and higher education are relatively backward, it is necessary to develop in an all-round way to adapt to the development of the times. These are all issues that must be considered in policy orientation. The problems existing in education in China are summarized as follows:
1. The function of the exam is extreme.
China students face several major exams, such as entrance examination, postgraduate entrance examination and civil service examination. The position of examination in China's education has been expanded. Education focuses on examination and theory, practical operation and scientific practice. The curriculum system is also presented? Narrow and deep? The form of. Make learning a boring activity. For decades, exams have put pressure on students, parents and teachers. This is also one of the most serious and difficult problems in improving education in China.
2. Comprehensive talents and elite talents
Education in our country pays attention to quality education, and at the same time has special policies for talents with special skills. This is precisely the vacillation in promoting the orientation of national education and talent education. In terms of personnel training, it is also an urgent problem to be solved in China's education whether to insist on selection or turn to popularization after popularizing compulsory education, and how to coordinate the two.
3. Popularization of professional problems
In the textbooks of junior high school students in China, some have very professional terms or principles in order to popularize common sense and scientific knowledge. And these are completely incomprehensible to students who are too young. Education should be aimed at different groups of people to be taught. The education of primary school students should be entertaining, focusing on stimulating interest. You can choose to give up some obscure and useless knowledge or express it in other ways.
In short, students in China study more, practice more, take more notes, take more exams, and pay more attention to students' absorption of knowledge, learning behavior and acceptance. The future needs to be upgraded from exam-oriented education to real education. Let students see more, ask more, think more and do more, pay attention to critical thinking, create ability and discover the ability to solve problems. On the basis of solid knowledge, learn more quickly and master more science and practice.
In 2002, the adult literacy rate in China was 8 1.5%, and the illiterate and semi-illiterate population was 15%. In the same year, the adult literacy rate in Japan was 100%. As can be seen from the data, there is still a big gap in the education level and popularity between China and Japan. Education and talents are the most critical and decisive factors in a country. China, which has great advantages in other aspects, lags far behind Japan in this respect.
Mr. Deng Xiaoping said: The biggest mistake in China after the founding of the People's Republic of China was the mistake in education. ? Although many years have passed, education is still a serious problem in China. Education is the foundation of our country. We should dare to admit our own shortcomings, learn from the experiences and lessons of other countries, and make our own contribution to China's education.
References:
Chen Yongming. Comparison and prospect of education between China and Japan [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2003.
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[3] Zhang Yaocan. Chen. Principles of ideological and political education [M]. Beijing Higher Education Press 200 1
[4] Wang. Comparative ideological and political education [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press 200 1
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