Nature is a vivid classroom, full of knowledge and interest. Children are willing to learn and easy to accept. This is a rich and available educational resource, which we can easily absorb. Spring is coming, and the grass is green and willow is green by the river; In the orchard, flowers are blooming and bees are dancing. We take our children into the embrace of nature, smell the flowers, touch the grass, catch tadpoles, watch frogs and feel the vitality of spring; Summer is coming, and geese and ducks are swimming in the river in droves. The beautiful fragrance of lotus flowers on the lake, lush reeds and the chirping of birds on the mast can arouse children's strong interest. We supported the boat with the children, observed fish, shrimp, insects and birds, and felt the charm of summer. Autumn is a mature season, there are many fruits everywhere, and a bumper harvest is in sight. We took our children to orchards, vegetable gardens and farmland to experience the hardships of labor and the joy of harvest with farmers' uncles. In winter, we make snowmen and have snowball fights with children in the snow, accept the baptism of snow and exercise our strong will. ...
The beauty of nature edifies children's hearts and increases their knowledge. The children are very happy when they sing, dance and play games. Observe, explore and collect flowers, straw baskets and straw hats, which are small and exquisite; Make a sculpture with mud, melons and fruits, which is lifelike; The collage graphics such as leaves, grass leaves and straw are vivid and interesting. Children enjoy the charm of nature, and materials such as cattail, reed, corn husk, peanut shell, bark, leaves, sorghum stalks and weeds are unpredictable in their hands. Children are active in thinking, feeling, imagination and innovation.
Second, make good use of natural resources and optimize the educational environment.
The outline points out that the environment is an important educational resource, and children's development should be effectively promoted through the creation and utilization of the environment. Make full use of the educational resources of the natural environment to expand the space for children to live and study. Nature is rich in educational resources, waiting for us to develop them. We should be good at observation and discovery.
First of all, we must learn to distinguish which resources can promote the all-round development of children. Over the years, our garden has been adhering to the principle of "close to life" and "adapting to local conditions"
The principle of "turning waste into treasure" permeates the consciousness of sustainable development in the process of environmental creation, and attaches importance to cultivating children's ability to use their hands and brains and the formation of traditional virtues of thrift, unity and cooperation. Let the environment talk to children is one of our goals. The abundant natural resources in rural areas provide abundant resources for environmental creation. Look, loofah and gourd picked from vines, peppers and eggplant picked from branches, potatoes and garlic dug from the ground ... We hang them one by one, with green branches and leaves, and a picture of autumn harvest is displayed. Children decorate corridors and activity rooms with bamboo, oranges, reeds, grapefruit and collected bamboo dustpans, baskets, bamboo screens, seeds and peanuts. Look! The decorations of each class have their own characteristics: creative paintings drawn with bamboo dustpan, bamboo dustpan and bamboo sieve, seed stickers with various seeds, hanging curtains made of oranges, expression dolls drawn with gourds, wind chimes made of bamboo, painted products made of bamboo fans, etc. Used to decorate corridors and activity rooms. Even a small straw in a child's hand will become a beautiful peacock, a lovely puppy, a villain and a flying dragon ... As long as you walk into our kindergarten, you can fully feel the objects made of rural natural resources hanging everywhere in the kindergarten. Children get closer to nature in activities, from knowing the shape of crops to introducing words, which embodies the characteristics of rural areas everywhere. From this, children understand the importance of water, sunlight and air in the process of plant growth. We also guide children to plant garlic in soil, sand and pebbles to see which substance germinates first and on which object it grows tall and strong, and guide children to design measurement scales and observe and record the observation results in time. In this way, children's observation ability, language expression ability and logarithmic cognitive ability have been further improved. And the educational significance and value contained in it is even longer.
In addition to using natural resources to decorate the air and walls, we also use natural resources to enrich class corner activities. In the breeding corner, use waste beverage bottles to plant peas, broad beans and peanuts for children and observe their germination process; Planting garlic, onions, vegetables, radishes, flowers and plants, so that they can perceive the process of plant growth, flowering and fruiting; Keep rabbits in bamboo cages, tadpoles, small fish and crabs in clay pots, and let children observe the lives of small animals. It is a child's nature to like being close to nature. Every morning when playing free games, the children in the class will watch how rabbits and small fish eat, see if the seeds they planted germinate and see if the flower trees bloom. Every day, they are full of interest. In the homework area, we provide children with peanuts, broad beans, reed stalks, pebbles, stones and so on. For children to practice counting, sorting and sorting, children enjoy it. Use corn, peanuts, black beans, soybeans and other seeds of different colors and stones, pebbles, pinecones, etc. Classify the size, color and attributes, and use straw and wheat straw for natural measurement ... Children can gradually understand mathematics through observation, analysis and comparison during the game operation, and at the same time develop the accuracy, agility and creativity of children's thinking. In the art district, we provide vegetables and fruits, such as potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, grapefruit, oranges and so on. And children can make fruit and vegetable dolls; Provide corn husks, wheat straws, peanut shells, green bristlegrass, leaves, seeds and other children who can be used as stickers; Provide straw, wheat straw, palm leaves and other items for children to knit; Provide bamboo pieces, wooden boards, big stones and other items for children to paint; Provide clay for children to knead at will and make clay sculptures ... These materials are available in rural areas and can be continuously supplemented in the corner. At the same time, the children not only exercised the skills of cutting, assembling, pasting, pasting, tearing and painting, but also cultivated their aesthetic taste. In the construction area, we provided large wooden stakes, blocks and sand for them to build the main body; Provide bamboo tubes, pebbles, vegetables, branches, etc. Let the children decorate their main buildings; Provide straw, silk grass, dog tail grass, seeds, corn shells, corn bones and so on. For children to weave animals, characters, etc. Every day in the construction area, children will hear different shouts, such as "Our zoo has been established", "Teacher, please come to our home" and "Welcome to the supermarket to buy things". The friends had a good time. Here, they not only found the pleasure of "architecture", but also cultivated children's imagination and creativity. Rich local resources contain a lot of wisdom and vitality. During the activity, the children flew like wings of imagination, and their body and mind reached a happy and harmonious development.
Third, attach importance to natural resources and build characteristic gardens.
The implementation of kindergarten-based characteristic curriculum runs through children's daily activities. During the implementation of the project, I found that rural natural resources can also be applied to children's daily activities through various channels. During the one-day activities in kindergartens, there are many opportunities to effectively integrate and utilize rural natural resources. It is a desirable and effective way to collect and excavate educational content suitable for children's learning and exploration from rich natural resources.
Nature contains endless scientific education materials and has unparalleled advantages in classroom teaching. Therefore, we can take our children into nature to know, explore and acquire scientific knowledge according to the unique advantages of rural areas. For example, in spring, my children and I go to the fields to catch butterflies and watermelon worms on the grass. We can find the characteristics of butterflies and the appearance of watermelons in field observation, which can deepen children's direct experience, satisfy their curiosity, enhance their interest in exploration and cultivate their ability of careful observation. During the busy farming season, leading children to the fields to send cold boiled water and towels to farmers' uncles not only cultivated children's close attitude towards others and society, but also made them understand the hardships and greatness of labor, and also knew that the food we used to eat was cultivated by people in this way. Teachers consciously guide them to learn more about nature in such an environment, encourage them to do it themselves, and arouse children's love for labor; Then, from the hard work of manual labor, stimulate children's desire to create labor machinery, introduce some stories of scientists or high-tech intensive labor scenes to children, broaden their horizons and cultivate their yearning for science. At the same time, rural kindergartens have more opportunities and space for children to do some scientific observation and experiments. In early spring, we observed how the frog's black and sticky eggs slowly turned into tadpoles, and how tadpoles became small frogs, so children learned to observe carefully for a long time and learn to record in observation. I think this observation is actually very meaningful. Teachers and students grow together in exploration and improve their scientific literacy.
In rural areas, children can be exposed to more natural things, some of which are familiar and some are curious, so we can use these things to build our own language courses. Choose a topic that children are familiar with to talk about activities, such as "my little animal", so that children will not repeat the content a hundred times! The topic of "talk about my new discovery" will also make children have a great desire to talk and communicate, which not only develops the ability of expression, but also indirectly cultivates the ability of observation; There is also the "wooden head" game that is often played. Children put on various postures on the field, some holding small trees, some leaning against the wall, some looking at their own shadows with their backs to the sun ... In the natural environment, games make children's activities enthusiastic, and new discoveries are made from time to time. At the same time, we often use beautiful words to describe the natural scenery that children see, so that children can appreciate and experience literary language in a real environment, thus stimulating their interest in learning literary language and obtaining unexpected educational effects.
"Nature is the source of human art, and the sun, moon and stars, wind and rain, thunder and lightning, snow, fog, flowers, birds, insects and fish all have unique beauty." As long as you are a dedicated teacher in rural kindergartens, you will find many inexhaustible artistic materials, such as wild flowers, weeds, leaves, rice and wheat straws, seeds and so on. Teachers can guide children to collect and use these materials for collage and create exquisite works of art. For example, in the spring when all kinds of wild flowers are in full bloom, children are taken to the fields around the kindergarten and picked wild flowers and weeds by the road. After scrubbing, flattening, pruning and collage, postcards of flowers and plants appear in front of us. Let children prepare different kinds of seeds, such as rapeseed, beans, melons and fruits, skillfully use the shapes, colors and sizes of different seeds and paste them on the outlines of various objects drawn on cardboard, thus making a seed sticker. Weave straw ropes, snakes, figures, animals and so on with Ma Lian. Looking at these works created with natural materials common in rural areas, you can't help but marvel at the children's imagination, creativity and expressiveness in the operation process! These local resources with local characteristics enrich the content of education, are effective supplements to traditional courses, and play a positive role in promoting children's development.
In the process of building kindergarten-based curriculum, because there is no ready-made thing, teachers study hard, collect, organize and create a large number of books. Teachers' ideas have been updated, and their inherent potential has been better brought into play. In this process, teachers' ability to use and control textbooks has also been continuously improved.
Although our garden is located in the countryside, there is a natural treasure house of educational resources around us. Through practice, we have broadened children's horizons with a good natural environment, increased children's knowledge, stimulated their curiosity, and cultivated their healthy and uplifting emotions and the courage to explore. May our preschool teachers join hands to explore and explore folk treasures together. I believe that in the near future, natural resources will definitely shine in the field of preschool education!