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The usage of (reason) in ancient Chinese
"Shuo Wen Jie Zi": "Because it is also big." Literacy means "those who are able to be big, surround them". The original meaning of "cause" is "dependence" and "dependence", and the meanings of "obedience" and "reason" are both content words, which are still used in modern Chinese. The function word usage of "yin" originated from the real meaning and came into being in the pre-Qin period. Can be used as prepositions and conjunctions. The usage of the preposition "yin" has existed since ancient times and has not changed much; With the disyllabic trend of Chinese vocabulary, the conjunction "yin" is gradually replaced by disyllabic words such as "because", "so" and "so", but it is still occasionally used in modern Chinese written language. 1. Preposition 1. Introduce the location and direction of behavior. It can be translated as "from" and "from". Because I see stars in the well, I can't see many stars; From the perspective of the Autumn Shang Dynasty, we can see its beginning and its entry (The Gloss of the Dead) 2. Introduce the time and conditions of behavior. It can be translated as "use", "use" and "follow", or it can still be used as "reason". Therefore, Xiang Ru went forward and knelt down to invite the King of Qin (Lian Po's Biography of Lin Xiangru). 3. Introduce the things or conditions that actions and behaviors depend on, depend on and depend on when they occur and appear. It can be translated as "relying on", "relying on", "relying on", etc., or it is still an example of "cause": for example, Chu, because of Shanxi merchants, used ministers with thick coins and set up sophistry in their favor (Biography of Qu Yuan). It can be translated into "evidence", "evidence" and so on, or it can still be used as "cause" to adapt to local conditions and time (idiom) 5. Use people or things as a medium or means to achieve a certain purpose or implement a certain action. It can be translated as "Jing" and "You", etc., or it can still be used as "Cause". For example, Lian Po heard that he was naked and apologized for the guests coming to Lin Xiangru Gate (Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru). 6. Reasons and reasons for introducing action behavior. It can be translated as "because" or "because", or it can still be "because". For example, if you add kindness, you will be rewarded for thinking without joy; As far as punishment is concerned, there is no reason to abuse punishment because of anger (Ten Thoughts on admonishing Taizong). Second, the conjunction 1. Connecting clauses indicate inheritance, and two things are sequential in time or matter, which can be translated as "then", "then" and "then". Example: After entering Wuguan, Qin Fu Bing was completely defeated, because he stayed with the king in order to carve up the land (Biography of Qu Yuan). 2. The first sentence of the causal complex sentence uses a connecting clause to express the reason. It can be translated as "because" or "because", or it can still be "because". Example: Teacher Niang has long been determined to be a good person because she sees that the greed for money is meaningless ("Du Niang is angry and sinks a treasure chest"). The dictionary explains that it is because of yρn( 1)ㄧㄣˉ(2), the reason, the condition that existed before the incident: the original ~. ~ element. ~ fruit. Sick ~. (3) reason: ~ is (w degrees). ~ and. (4) follow, follow, follow: ~ this. ~ it. ~ follow (a. follow; B. procrastination) ~ choke on food. Chen ~ (5) Zheng code: JD, U: 56E0,: D2f2 (6) Number of strokes: 6, radical: Ai, serial number: 25 134 1 reference vocabulary-. Detailed description of fruit. From power to power. Big shots. Oracle Bone Inscriptions-shaped, like a man on a car mat. Original meaning: the original meaning of "Yin", cushion, car cushion) (2) The original meaning is the same [cushion; Because, so is it. -"Shuo Wen". Zhu Note: "It's all wrong. Jiang always said,' It looks like a mattress, but it looks like a seam in the middle.' According to Yin's ancient prose. Jiang agreed. "(3) Cause [Cause] Although there are many different paths, where is the cause and effect? -"The Biography of Liang Shu Fan Town" claims to be powerful and wavers for no reason. -Bai Juyi's poem "There are Woods" (4) Another example: karma (Buddhism refers to things that have causes and consequences, good causes have good results, and evil causes have bad consequences); Cause and effect (5) opportunity [opportunity; There is no reason for this. -use [rely on; Who is extremely dependent on because of whom. -"Poetry, Servant Style, Carrying Chi" talks about the world because it is well prepared. -Everything is done by people. -"Historical Records Biography of Ping Yuanjun Yuqing" was used by ministers of Shanxi merchants because of its thick currency. -"Historical Records, Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng" (2) Another example: karma (morality; Basis) for stealing fake positions (buying official positions with bribes); For personal benefit (in the name of the public); Rely on (rely on; Relying on); Attachment; Because of the country (a country that can be relied on and used) (3) follow [follow] Yin Yin, the gains and losses are also known. -The Analects of Confucius is a legacy. -Han Jiayi's On Qin is set in Qin king Palace, according to its treasures. -Zhang Heng's "Tokyo Fu" (4) Another example: inheritance (inheritance, inheritance); (5) [Connection] Yining ancient city, a small hill by the water, with hundreds of giant bamboos planted on it. -Song Luyou's "West Reception Hall Bamboo Works" (6) Shun; Obey [obey; Conform; Obey] because it is (because: follow. Of course: that's it. The natural structure of cattle). -"Zhuangzi Health Master" is a tree with an inch in diameter ... Because of the situation, it has its own modality. (Because of the potential pictograph, the shape is simulated just like the original wood. Because, just follow, follow. Potential, potential, here refers to the shape characteristics of the material itself. Image, verb, simulation. Shape, shape). -Wei Ming Yi Xue's "The Story of the Nuclear Ship" (7) Another example: convenience (by the way); Blowing fire by the wind (metaphor for taking advantage of the trend, effortless) (8) phase; Going [going] is greedy and forbearing, not because of it. -"Mandarin is in the right" (9) Because of marriage-homophone "Shuowen":' Because of it, it is also a big mouth. Then,' talent and high education, especially Beijingers, are particularly different'. Sleepy training is synonymous with cause and meaning. Because marriage is synonymous with homophones and is false. Why did you take a vacation? First of all, you get married for two people. Together, getting married is a man robbing a woman in the dark. I got married because the woman was robbed. The Book of Songs goes its own way:' If marriage is lost, it will be born. ..... If you are confused by marriage, stay in words. "Yan" is a function word and meaningless; "JIU" means "because of JIU", which means "go" or "come", so the word "go to JIU" is often used together. Because of infatuation, the words "keep yourself as jade" and "keep yourself as jade" mean that the woman scolds the man. Even if she scolded the man for robbing her, she could not come to live or stay, but she was not convinced. In addition, the words that shed tears, such as sad, sad, sad, are all beside the word wife, which shows the inner pain of the wife being robbed to live with the man. "(quoted from Huang Xianfan's A Preliminary Study on the Interpretation of Ancient Books-Selected Academic Papers of Huang Xianfan, Guangxi Normal University Press, July 2004) Because of Y and N (introduction) (1), because [because] great achievements have been made in the past, it was awarded a great honor. -"Historical Records Biography of General Wei's title of generals in ancient times" (2) Another example: because of the place (why; Reason); Because it is (therefore) (3) from [from]. Such as: punctuality according to fate (waiting for opportunities according to fate); Obtain funds from the enemy (obtain necessary materials from the enemy) (4) Use; Take advantage of [make use of; And] follow the trend. -Han Jiayi's "On Qin" traveled to Sanfu because he entered the capital. (because, take advantage). -"The History of the Later Han Dynasty Zhang Hengchuan" takes y and n [shapes] (1), and is close by heart [intimacy]. -The reason why Poetry, Elegance and Emperor Yi is polite is that it is heavy, idle and chaotic. -"Zuo Zhuan" (2) Another example: because of the heart (goodwill, kindness); Because mother is because of y and n [Lian] (1), [then] is because of irony. -"Were Zhang Hengchuan" The donkey was angry and hoofed. The tiger is happy, so count it ...-Liu Tang Zongyuan's "Three Rings" is in a cage because of its own worm. -"Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio" jumped over her shoulder, broke her throat and tried her best, so she left. -Liu Tang Zongyuan's "Three Commandments and Donkeys" (2) Therefore [thus; Results] Because of it ". -"Poetry, Elegance and Hanyi" was written by the Tang drama for Qin. -Phrases commonly used in the Warring States Policy and Wei Ce. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude] According to different objects, that is, according to the specific situation of learners' ability, personality and interests, different types of education are implemented to teach students in accordance with their aptitude. -Zheng Qing Guan Ying's "Women's Education" so y and NC ǐ [Yes; For this reason; As a result of tax cuts, complaints have decreased. Take these measures according to local conditions. Working methods according to local conditions] According to the specific conditions of different regions, formulate corresponding measures to build cities and build positions according to local conditions. -Ye's "Wu Yue Chun Qiu" thus y and né r [result; The result is: thus] means that the following is the above result. Our cause is just, so it is invincible cause and effect. Y and Ngu ǒ (1) [Causality]: Causality, together, refers to the causal relationship between the two (2) [Destiny; Karma [Buddhism]: The karma in this life is the result of the afterlife. Refers to the cause and effect of things, what kind of karma, what kind of karma, every cloud has a ray of light Y and every cloud has a silver lining, and benefits from it. This is an upright husband, a virtuous woman, who has a heart and touched the world, so he is poisonous but not poisonous, and he will not die. Every cloud has a silver lining. Whoever cries laughs. -Feng Ming magnum's "Awakening the World" takes advantage of the situation: yΡ nΡ-ché ng bià n [employment possibility] takes advantage of it: depends on it. Taking advantage of the favorable situation, we villains, if we don't take advantage of the situation and kill for money, have never succeeded since we died. -The Biography of Wang Jihong in the Old Five Dynasties is simple because of its ugliness. Use local resources as much as possible; Doing things simply and frugally means doing things with the original simple conditions. Metaphor goes with the flow, not seeking progress. When it is prosperous, it is simple because of its ugliness. Monarchs and ministers use this as an excuse, so they are willing to do whatever they want and do whatever they can, and disaster comes. -Song Zhuxi's "Zhu Xi Quan Shu" y and nré n-ché ng shi [completesth. Through the help of others] According to others, "many people record that people are successful." -"Historical Records Biography of Yu Qing in Ping Yuanjun" is timely: y and nshi-zhi yí [Adapting to the time] According to the specific conditions of different periods, the measures taken are different, so we should adapt to the time. -"Liu Jinshu Song Biography" Factor Y and nshi[ multiplier; Factor is also called "factor". A polynomial can be divisible by another polynomial, which is a factor of the former. For example, a+b and (a2-ab+b2) are both factors of a3+b3, then Y and nshi-Li d m:o[ make full use of; Follow the development trend and a good soldier will benefit from its potential. -The factor yρnshρ in Historical Records and Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qi is also called "factor". An integer can be divisible by another integer, which is a factor of the former, for example, 1, 2 and 4 are all 8, and the factors y and y ě ns \ u [factor; The reason or condition that determines the success or failure of a thing. Learning advanced experience is one of the important factors to improve production because y and NWéI[ because; For; Because] conjunction. Because of the need of work, he is happy to follow the trend y and y and yīNXí[follow;; Copy; Continue as before; Continue to stick to the routine] follow the trend. Refers to following past rules and regulations or methods and laws. -The biography of Han Liu Xin follows stereotyped Y and nxú n (1) [follow; Conformism]: conformism (2) [proc rastinate]: procrastination (3) [rashness]: rashness; If you follow the rules casually, how can you understand? -"Five Lights Meeting Yuan" is old-fashioned, and Y and nxú n-sh ǒ uji ù [follow suit; Follow the old routine of the beat track] Stick to the old routine and don't try to update Y and ny-fè ishí [Cut your nose and vent your anger; Don't eat if you are afraid of eating] Don't eat at all, because you are choking, which means you are afraid of trouble. If future generations ask the reason, they all take this as the law, but don't they give up eating because of choking? -Qing Wu Ren Jian's "The Present Situation of Wonders Witnessed in Twenty Years" is due to y and nyó u (1) [reason; Origin [mouth]: reason; There is a cause (2) [karma]: karma; Cause of fate (3) [Cause]: Cause; There are many reasons: cause and effect Y and nyuá n (1) [master-slave cause] [Buddhism]: The direct cause of the result and the conditions conducive to promoting the result were taught by the true elders of Wutai Mountain, and even the iron man advised him to change. -"Water Margin"