Carry forward Scientific Outlook on Development, observe the life of farmers in the new period and pay attention to the living conditions of migrant workers.

Two. The purpose of social practice:

1. Go deep into the countryside and visit farmers to find out how much they know about the new era and new ideas, their attitude towards the current policies, the re-education of migrant workers and their living conditions.

2. Use the knowledge learned in Mao's textbooks to analyze the causes of the above problems, and put forward practical countermeasures to further deepen the understanding of Scientific Outlook on Development.

3. Improve students' social practice ability and enhance class cohesion.

3. Social practice object: 1. Participants: All the students in Class 7282.

2. Survey object: farmers and village cadres in towns around Xi 'an.

Four. Social practice time: 20 10-4- 10

Verb (abbreviation of verb) the content of social practice;

1. Grouping: Divide the whole class into four groups: A, B, C and D. Group A: Xu Haixin (group leader), Yuan Yue, Jing Kai, Li Wenjie, Ma Kai, Tong Fei and Ma Bin, to Wangzhuang Township, Woods Town, Zhang Cun; Group B: Chang Wei (group leader), Hao Lihua, Chen Kai, Deng Shuan, Chen Tianjie. Group C: Wu Xiaodan (group leader), Tian Ning, Wang Shuanglu, Zou Yun, Zheng, Ye Ying Zhe, went to the villages around Luanzhen. Group D: Wang Jiayou (group leader), Wang Shunbin, Xie, Xu Yang, Jia, and went to the town.

2. Survey method: questionnaire survey.

3. Research content: During the visit, we will focus on the following seven aspects.

(1) Ask the village cadres about the general information of the current and past migrant workers in the village (including the number, whereabouts and address);

(2) Visiting the families of migrant workers, focusing on the situation of left-behind children and the elderly;

(3) Visit the families of migrant workers to find out their basic income.

(4) Learn from migrant workers how to deal with the children of the left-behind elderly;

(5) Investigate whether migrant workers know about re-education in employment (including the organizers of education, their own sources, training and work destination);

(6) Ask about the protection of individual rights and interests of migrant workers (including whether they have been infringed and whether they know how to safeguard their own rights and interests);

(7) Ask migrant workers whether their migrant workers enjoy relevant state treatment.

Six, the problems found in the process of investigation and countermeasures and suggestions:

Question 1:

Do you want your parents to go out to work? (3)

A understands that b is willing and c is unwilling.

3. Who do you live with when your parents go out to work? (1)

A (grandparents) B relatives C others D live by themselves.

4. Living with grandparents, do you have any problems with them at ordinary times? (2)

A often has b, occasionally c, almost no d, no.

9 Have you contacted your parents in Takuwa once? (2)

A once a week on average, B once a month on average, C often contacts, D seldom contacts.

13. If you encounter difficulties in your life, how will you solve them? (4)

A asks the teacher for help, B asks his classmates for help, C asks his relatives for help, and D solves it himself.

26. How much do you think the school and society care about you? (2)

A cares, B doesn't care, C doesn't care.

From the statistical results of the above questions in the questionnaire, we can draw the following conclusions:

The guardianship type of left-behind children is mainly intergenerational guardianship, with little communication between parents and children and insufficient social care. Left-behind children have serious psychological problems.

Countermeasures and suggestions:

The general idea is that parents, guardians, schools, teachers, communities and governments need to work together.

(a) through the government, with the help of administrative power, the introduction of policies and regulations, causing concern. Specific measures are:

Education administrative departments at all levels and women's federations should strengthen guidance on family education, set up parent schools based on schools, and widely popularize scientific family education knowledge to parents through various forms.

3. Ask parents and guardians who go out through communities and village committees, strengthen communication, safeguard the integrity of family education and create a good family environment.

The government issues a free "parent-child hotline card" to every migrant worker, ensuring that the telephone communication time between parents and children is not less than two hours per week.

(2) Parents should fully support their children's education and ensure their right to receive compulsory education. They should also keep in touch with schools and teachers, keep abreast of children's learning and development, and give timely guidance and education. At the same time, on the premise of providing necessary study and living conditions for left-behind children, we should avoid excessive material satisfaction.

(3) Schools and teachers should pay more attention to left-behind children and expand the space for children's emotional satisfaction.

1. Let the left-behind children feel the warmth of the collective family. School teachers should organize these students to actively participate in school collective activities, so that they feel that they are one of them and equal to the students around them. At the same time, the school should organize other students to offer love to these special left-behind students, fill the gap of family affection with the true feelings of teachers and students, and let them feel the warmth of the group.

2. Respect and care for left-behind children. Left-behind children lack the love of a complete family and are traumatized. They have both inferiority and self-esteem. Never stab them with words like "stupid" and "bad" just because their grades are backward. Getting the teacher's care is the most basic psychological requirement of every student, and left-behind children, as a special group on campus, need more care, encouragement and respect from teachers.

(four) with the help of social intermediary and service agencies to carry out tutoring consultation. While giving full play to the leading role of schools in family education, we should also give full play to the auxiliary role of social educational institutions in family education. Social intermediary organizations should be encouraged to give necessary lectures and counseling on family education knowledge to make up for the limitations of schools in family education.

Question 2:

4. What is your monthly salary? (2)

Below 500 yuan B 1000 yuan and below C 1000 yuan.

5. What is your monthly living expenses? (1)

A below 500 yuan b above 500 yuan C 1000 yuan.

6. Can you get paid on time? (2)

A can b can't.

7, when the legitimate rights and interests are violated, you first choose (a)

A seeks help from relatives and friends, B applies for mediation and arbitration from relevant institutions, C seeks legal assistance, D seeks help from trade unions, E silently endures, and does not seek help from F.

8. Are there any local migrant workers' organizations? (2)

Does a have a B?

9. If there is a local organization of migrant workers, would you like to join (a)?

A, willing B, unwilling C, unknown/undecided

10. Do you know the following law (multiple choices are allowed) (J)

A. Constitution of People's Republic of China (PRC) B. Labor Law of People's Republic of China (PRC).

C. People's Republic of China (PRC) Trade Union Law D. People's Republic of China (PRC) Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests.

E. Enterprise Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and Criminal Law of People's Republic of China (PRC).

G, "People's Republic of China (PRC) production safety law" h, "People's Republic of China (PRC) occupational disease prevention law"

I, J of People's Republic of China (PRC) Public Security Administration Punishment Law, I don't know.

From the statistical results of the above questions in the questionnaire, we can draw the following conclusions:

Migrant workers' monthly income is generally low, belonging to urban low-income groups, and their daily lives are very tight. In addition, the phenomenon of wage arrears for migrant workers is widespread, and wage income cannot be effectively guaranteed. Due to the lack of subjective consciousness, distrust of legal and public relief, and lack of their own rights protection organizations, the main way for migrant workers to deal with disputes is self-relief, lacking initiative, enthusiasm and organization.

Countermeasures and suggestions:

(1) Popularize basic legal knowledge such as the Labor Law and improve the legal awareness of migrant workers.

1. The main relationship between migrant workers and employers is labor relations or labour relation, which are completely different in nature. Therefore, employers generally do not sign contracts with migrant workers. Therefore, when there is a dispute, it is difficult to determine whether the relationship between the two sides is a labor relationship or a labour relation because there is no contract, which is extremely unfavorable to migrant workers. The purpose of improving their legal awareness is to make them vigilant to prevent being cheated by their employers.

2. For most migrant workers, due to weak legal awareness, employers often take extreme measures when they are in arrears with wages, hoping to solve them. In fact, extreme measures may not be effective, and sometimes they may be punished for breaking the law. The purpose of improving their legal awareness is to let them know that their legitimate rights and interests have been violated, and only through legal and proper channels can they successfully defend their rights and get back their wages.

(2) Strengthen the education of migrant workers as "masters" and establish the subjective consciousness of safeguarding rights.

First of all, we should guide migrant workers to integrate into urban life in terms of institutional arrangements and policy guidance, let eligible migrant workers freely settle in cities, and let migrant workers have a basic concept of "the city is my home"; Secondly, by increasing the cultivation content of subject consciousness in vocational training and social propaganda, the ideological consciousness and organizational discipline of migrant workers can be improved, and then the autonomous organization of migrant workers can be established; Third, government functional departments and social organizations should combine the characteristics of migrant workers, establish an information platform that can deeply communicate rights protection information, rationally arrange and distribute rights protection resources, increase publicity, and popularize basic rights protection knowledge and skills.

(3) Relevant government departments should strengthen supervision and investigation and conduct surprise inspections.

The relevant government departments, especially the labor administrative departments, should severely punish employers who are seriously in arrears with the wages of migrant workers. They can also carry out joint surprise inspections with the administrative department for industry and commerce and other relevant departments on a regular basis, stop and correct the illegal acts of the employing units in a timely and effective manner, and hold the responsible persons accountable in time when necessary.

(4) Improve labor legislation and related systems.

1, Improvement of Labor Law and related supporting laws. First of all, the labor law, as the labor standard law, should clarify the principles of the labor law. Secondly, the relevant supporting laws, regulations and rules stipulate the detailed rules within the jurisdiction. The common feature of these laws, regulations and rules is that they are based on the labor law and are gradually refined at different levels, forming different levels of legal systems.

2. Reform the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas to achieve urban-rural integration.

Reform the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas, abandon the factors that cause differences and de facto inequality between urban and rural areas, between industry and agriculture, and between farmers and urban residents, so that migrant workers can obtain the same social benefits as urban residents in employment, education and housing. Gradually form a new mechanism for the adjustment and allocation of urban and rural population and labor resources.

3. Establish a wage payment guarantee system.

In order to solve the problem of wage arrears of migrant workers, it is suggested that enterprises pay a certain proportion of security funds to the industry security fund account, and after the enterprises default on the wages of migrant workers, they pay the wages of migrant workers from the industry security fund account. If the security fund paid by the enterprise is insufficient, the trade association will not supervise it enough and punish the enterprise with serious unpaid wages.

4. Improve and perfect the industrial injury insurance system.

(1) If the employer does not participate in work-related injury insurance, the social security fund will pay the work-related injury insurance benefits first and then recover from the unit after the work-related injury accident happens to the migrant workers.

(2) Take the general contractor as the main body responsible for paying work-related injury insurance premiums, and fundamentally solve the problem of low participation rate of work-related injury insurance for migrant workers in the construction industry.

(5) The society should actively cooperate and provide social help.

The government should actively encourage participation in voluntary legal aid activities to help migrant workers safeguard their rights. The media should strengthen cooperation, strengthen supervision by public opinion, report truthfully and objectively, and advocate enterprises to operate in good faith and conduct business in a civilized way.

Question 3:

1. Have you received relevant training before going out to work? (2)

A.yes, b no.

2. Who organized the employment training? (3)

A. Government B. Individuals C. Others

3. What is the funding source of employment training? (2)

A. government provides B. individual fundraising C. government provides plus individual fundraising

From the statistical results of the above questions in the questionnaire, we can draw the following conclusions:

The government does not pay enough attention to the vocational and technical training of migrant workers, and the investment is not large. Because of funds and other reasons, the enthusiasm of migrant workers to participate in technical training has never been maintained.

Countermeasures and suggestions:

1. Set the training form scientifically. According to the working characteristics of migrant workers, the training of migrant workers should take the form of centralized teaching and on-site guidance, and can be held in construction sites, workshops and other places. In the academic system, we can also take the form of systematic training with one skill and one ability and short or ultra-short training courses, so that the results of training can be accumulated bit by bit. In addition, in the process of organizing training, trade unions should also focus on building labor brands with local characteristics, forming brand effects and scale effects, and attracting more migrant workers to achieve employment.

2. Scientific allocation of training resources. For migrant workers with a slightly higher level of knowledge and culture, systematic training can be conducted in some difficult, demanding and precise technical jobs and management. For the majority of migrant workers with medium knowledge and education level, systematic training can be carried out in some technical jobs with low technical difficulty and requirements and standardized management operations. For a small number of migrant workers with low knowledge and education level and no stable income, we can train some technical jobs with low difficulty, low requirements and easy operation.

3. Strengthen cooperation in running schools. First, the relevant government departments organize the use of party schools, technical schools and vocational schools in counties and cities to implement up-and-down interaction and professional skills training according to the characteristics of the industry; The second is to cooperate with the migrant workers market and combine training with recommending migrant workers to employers; The third is to cooperate with enterprises to establish the mode of "order training, training before export, promoting output through training, directional training and directional output"

4. Combination of training and textual research. Taking advantage of the school-running advantages of secondary vocational schools and higher vocational schools, we should explore the gradual implementation of the credit system and flexible academic system in the training of migrant workers, so as to facilitate migrant workers with certain cultural foundation and ability to combine work with study alternately and complete their studies in stages, and allow them to use their existing knowledge and skills to be recognized as credits through examinations. The personnel and labor departments of the government will cooperate with each other to regularly evaluate and identify the skill level of migrant workers and issue certificates. And regularly hold skills competitions for migrant workers to commend and encourage eager migrant workers.

5. Increase financial subsidies for skills training of migrant workers. Labor and social security departments will subsidize certain training expenses after evaluating the training situation of enterprises. The training expenses of migrant workers are paid in the form of "three points", and enterprises, migrant workers themselves and government finance each bear certain training expenses. At the same time, through the vocational skills competition organized by government departments, migrant workers at all stages will be given a certain fee subsidy; Then there are certain subsidies for migrant workers who participate in vocational skill appraisal and obtain qualification certificates; In addition, migrant workers who participate in the professional skill appraisal of technicians and senior technicians are given a certain amount of training fee subsidies.

6. Training and employment information services and rights protection services. In the process of training, provide employment information services for migrant workers, including career trend analysis and enterprise employment information, and guide migrant workers to correctly choose the direction of skills training.