First, what is general education? -More has the function of inheriting culture.
The concept of "general education" originated from free education in Europe, but it was formed in the United States, which is the product of the continuous improvement of its adaptability in the process of social development in the United States and other western countries.
Under various specific historical and social conditions, the connotation and extension of the concept of general education in China are constantly changing and developing by constantly learning from the general education and university system in western countries, but it can generally be understood that general education mainly or more has the function of inheriting culture.
General education is an educational concept, which is to impart basic humanities knowledge, cultivate personality and cultivate civic awareness to all students in the higher education stage. It requires students to extensively study the knowledge and research methods of different disciplines, promote the integration of different disciplines, and strengthen the education of humanistic spirit and scientific spirit. In China's current undergraduate higher education, most general education courses are generally offered in the lower grades, and the study time is generally one year or one and a half. If professional education aims at cultivating students' professional skills and means of making a living in a certain knowledge field, then general education aims at broadening students' horizons, avoiding intolerance, cultivating students' independent thinking and judgment, social responsibility and sound personality through the foundation, integrity, comprehensiveness and extensiveness of knowledge, and educating students to learn to behave and do things. Therefore, general education can also be understood as basic education, which is an inevitable requirement for cultivating talents with both ability and political integrity and innovative spirit.
Second, what is the current situation and progress of general education in ordinary colleges and universities in China? -Undergraduate education reform in China University.
As we all know, China's higher education has developed rapidly at this stage and has been popularized in advance. However, in the current social environment, social development is changing rapidly, and the contradiction between the cultivation of talents in university education and social needs is increasingly prominent, which generally faces severe challenges such as lack of humanistic spirit, insufficient innovation ability and unbalanced quality structure. How to continuously improve the quality of personnel training and make university education adapt to social needs under the fierce competition of running schools and employment? General education has gradually become the consensus of personnel training in colleges and universities in China and an important proposition of undergraduate education and teaching reform.
Among ordinary universities in China, Fudan University took the lead in implementing one-year general education among freshmen as early as 2005, and all freshmen entered Fudan College (General Education College) regardless of major. Yangming College of Ningbo University is also a general education college responsible for the education and teaching management of cultivating new students according to major disciplines. Zhejiang University has extended the experience of talent training in Zhu Kezhen experimental class to the whole school. Its talent training plan stipulates that all undergraduates should complete 48 credits of general education courses in the early stage, and emphasize wide-caliber and cross-training in the later stage; Sun Yat-sen University attaches great importance to cultural quality education in general education, and has built a high-quality elective course system of cultural quality education, such as natural science and modern science and technology, social science and behavioral science, humanities science and technology, life science and medicine. Students are required to take at least 16 credits, of which the interdisciplinary elective courses are not less than 50%; Nanjing University carries out three training stages: professional training, professional training and diversified training, in which professional training is general education; The reform of education and teaching in our province is also further promoted, and the number of talent training bases and experimental classes in colleges and universities is also increasing.
In 2008, the "University General Education Forum" was held in Fudan University. Presidents and famous scholars from 46 universities (including Hong Kong) gathered in Fudan University to discuss undergraduate teaching reform. At the forum, the principals and scholars attending the meeting had extensive exchanges on how universities can play the role of China's traditional culture, how to understand the role and function of universities in building a harmonious society, and how to further cultivate students' perfect personality and comprehensive quality, and jointly called on China University to vigorously develop general education at the undergraduate education stage as a propeller for developing students' all-round quality. This forum has had a positive and far-reaching impact on the teaching reform of undergraduate education in China, and the general education model has been fully implemented and constantly improved and developed in the undergraduate education of colleges and universities in China.
3. What are the characteristics of general education in this school? -Create a diversified talent training system.
In the process of education and teaching practice, the school has established the construction goal of "first-class undergraduate education", focusing on cultivating outstanding talents, so that students can have three qualities (general quality, professional quality and innovative quality) and two abilities (social adaptability and self-development ability). At the same time, through vigorously carrying out education and teaching reform, a number of national and provincial major teaching reform achievements have been made, a diversified talent training system has been built, the general education model has been gradually improved, and the quality of talent training has been continuously improved.
● Implement the system of double degrees and major and minor, and cultivate "compound" talents with one specialty and many functions.
1985, the school began to try out the main and minor courses and the dual-degree system. Starting from 1996, the school cooperated with the former Wuhan Jiaotong University and Wuhan Metallurgy University in the region, and began to offer minor and elective courses between schools. In 2005, all college students in Wuhan implemented double-degree or double-major minor education. In 2009, according to the opinions of Hubei Provincial Department of Education on the implementation of the support and cooperation plan between universities directly under the central government and local universities in Wuhan City Circle, students were encouraged to participate in the second degree (major) study of Wuhan University. This compound talent training mode makes students apply what they have learned, arouses their initiative and enthusiasm in learning, and effectively improves the quality of teaching and talent training.
● Explore elite education and implement a top-notch innovative talent training plan.
In 1995 and 1997, the school successfully applied for Chinese language and literature (liberal arts base class) and chemical biology (science base class). In 2002, we successfully bid for the provincial experimental classes for the reform of liberal arts talents training mode, business management talents training mode and biological science talents training mode. Since the establishment of the base and experimental class, more than 800 talents have been sent to the country.
In 2007, based on the national liberal arts base class and the provincial liberal arts talent training model experimental class, the school tried out the "Chu Cai Experimental Class". In 2008, Chucai College was established, and a Chucai program class was set up. That year, I enrolled students separately. 20 10, "Hubei university humanities and social sciences top-notch innovative talent training experimental plan" was approved as a provincial-level talent training model pilot project. 20 10-20 1 1 environmental engineering (energy-saving and environmental protection industry), electronic science and technology (electronic information industry) and polymer materials and engineering (new material industry) were respectively approved as talents training plans for strategic emerging (pillar) industries in Hubei province.
● Implement personalized training and vigorously carry out innovative education and practical activities.
Since the implementation of general education, Previous students of the school participated in the Challenge Cup National Undergraduate Extracurricular Academic and Scientific Works Competition, National Undergraduate Entrepreneurship Competition, National Undergraduate Mathematical Modeling Competition, National Undergraduate Mathematical Competition, National Undergraduate Electronic Design Competition, National ITAT Education Project Employment Skills Competition, national english contest for college students, CCTV Cup National English Speech Competition, National Undergraduate Advertising Design Competition, Hubei University Student Chemical Experiment Skills Competition, Hubei University Students' Physics Experiment Innovative Design Competition, Hubei Biological Experiment Skills Competition, Hubei University Students' Excellent Scientific Research Achievements Selection and other major activities won more than 800 awards at or above the provincial level.
4. What are the main contents of the general education courses for freshmen in this school? -Innovating practical education by giving priority to general education and supplementing professional education.
● Highlight general education and lay a solid foundation.
Courses include compulsory courses and elective courses, among which compulsory courses are ideological and moral cultivation and legal basis, outline of modern history of China, college English, college physical education, computer foundation and military theory. Elective courses include history and culture, economy and society, science and research, culture and art, communication and leadership, frontier of disciplines, students' academic planning, physical education and health.
● supplemented by professional education, understand the frontiers of majors and disciplines.
The courses are mainly professional introduction, basic courses of major disciplines and some basic courses of professional education.
● Innovate practical education and cultivate quality and ability.
The courses mainly include reading activities, English online autonomous learning, speech contest activities, music art appreciation, Huda Sirui Forum, entering the port city, steel city, community and so on.
5. What are the characteristics of the management mode of general college? -create a good growth atmosphere and implement semi-militarized and semi-closed management.
According to the requirements of the school, the General Education College is located in Yangluo Campus, which is fully responsible for the teaching and management of 4/kloc-0 freshmen in 9 colleges. All the students received general education and study according to their major categories, and returned to the parent college (Wuchang campus) of the headquarters one year later to continue their professional study.
General college implements semi-militarized and semi-closed management for students. After the freshmen enter the school, the college will carry out military training and a series of entrance education activities according to the teaching plan, including national defense education, school history education, school discipline education, safety education and professional education. To cultivate students' sense of formation and social responsibility.
Through strict classroom teaching organization and extracurricular practice activities, the college will let students fully feel the university, plan their lives, realize their growth, and lay a solid foundation for subsequent professional study and self-development.
All the teaching work of the college is undertaken by the teachers of seven related colleges at the headquarters. In the first semester, there are 69 courses, 230 classes and nearly 120 teachers.
The college will highlight the educational purpose of "people-oriented", strive to create a good growth atmosphere and humanistic environment, carry out the construction of teaching style, study style and teachers' morality, vigorously advocate teaching and educating people, respect teachers, and form a campus fashion in which teachers are happy to teach and students are happy to learn.
Under the strong leadership of the school party committee, the college will vigorously improve the school conditions and campus environment, closely rely on the local government, maintain a stable and normal teaching order on campus, make the campus full of elegance, elegance and style, and give students a sense of belonging, security and satisfaction.