Behaviorists believe that learning is the connection between stimulus and response, and their basic assumption is that behavior is the learner's response to environmental stimulus. They regard the environment as a stimulus and the accompanying organism behavior as a response. All behaviors are learned. The application of behaviorism learning theory in school education practice requires teachers to master the methods of shaping and correcting students' behaviors, create an environment for students, strengthen students' appropriate behaviors as much as possible, and eliminate inappropriate behaviors.
American psychologist John Watson established behaviorism learning theory in the early 20th century. Under the influence of guthrie, Hull, Thorndike and Skinner, behaviorism learning theory has occupied a dominant position in the United States for half a century. Skinner pushed behaviorism learning theory to the peak. He put forward the principle of operation conditioning, and made a systematic study on the strengthening principle, which made the strengthening theory develop perfectly. The teaching machine and program teaching designed by him according to the principle of operation conditions have been popular all over the world.
Watson believes that human behavior is acquired, and the environment determines a person's behavior pattern. Normal behavior and pathological behavior are obtained through learning, and can also be changed, increased or eliminated through learning. He believes that if we find out the regular relationship between environmental stimulus and behavioral response, we can predict the response according to the stimulus, or infer the stimulus according to the response, so as to predict and control the behavior of animals and people. In his view, behavior is a combination of various physical reactions used by organisms to adapt to environmental stimuli. Some of these reactions are manifested externally and some are hidden internally. In his eyes, there is no difference between humans and animals, and they all follow the same rules.
Skinner believes that psychology is concerned with observable external behavior, not the internal mechanism of behavior. He believes that science must be studied within the scope of natural science, and its task is to determine the functional relationship between the stimulus controlled by the experimenter and the response of the organism. Of course, he not only considered the relationship between stimulus and response, but also considered the conditions to change the relationship between stimulus and response. His formula is: R=f(SoA). The main point of behaviorism is that psychology should not study consciousness, but should only study behavior and completely oppose behavior and consciousness. In terms of research methods, behaviorism advocates the use of objective experimental methods rather than introspection. Behaviorists believe that learning is the connection between stimulus and response, and their basic assumption is that behavior is the learner's response to environmental stimulus. They regard the environment as a stimulus and the accompanying organism behavior as a response. All behaviors are learned. The application of behaviorism learning theory in school education practice requires teachers to master the methods of shaping and correcting students' behaviors, create an environment for students, strengthen students' appropriate behaviors as much as possible, and eliminate inappropriate behaviors.