Who is Shi Xie? This is definitely a Han Chinese rooted in Hongmiao, and has nothing to do with the Vietnamese.
Shi Xie was born in Guangxin, Jiaozhou (now Cangwu County, Guangxi). Its ancestor Lu, a native of Wenyang, moved to Jiaozhou in the last years to escape the war. After his father Shi Ci came to Shi Xie in the 6th century, Shi Ci became a local tycoon. Shi Ci was the prefect of Rinan during the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty.
When Shi Xie was young, he studied Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals with Liu Tao, a native of Yingchuan. Later, he was elected, appointed as a businessman, and dismissed from his official position. After his father Shi Ci died, Shi Xie was promoted to Maocai and was appointed as the magistrate of Wuxian County.
In A.D. 187, Shi Xie was appointed toe-crossing satrap. Later, Zhu Fu, the secretariat of Jiaozhou, levied heavy taxes on the whole country, causing rebellion and killing, and chaos in counties. At this time, the imperial court had experienced years of chaos, and its influence on Jiaozhou had been greatly weakened. Shi Xie was nominally loyal to the satrap of the Han Dynasty, but actually became a warlord in Lingnan counties. Most of Shi's relatives hold important positions in Jiaozhou. Shi Xie asked for the appointment of Shi Yi, his younger brother, as the magistrate of Hepu, and xuwen county, his second brother. Stone, part-time nine is really too defensive? My younger brother Wu Shi is also the satrap of the South China Sea.
At this time, the gentry had almost monopolized half of Jiaozhou (the land of four counties). Shi Xie is generous and modest. Hundreds of people in the Central Plains have taken refuge in Cheng Bing, Xu Ci, Liu Ba, Mu Zi, Kang Monk and so on. Shi Xie was fascinated by Chunqiu and commented on it. He wrote Poems, Notes on the Spring and Autumn Annals, Biography of the Ram and Notes on Gu Liang all his life, which is widely read.
Hui Yuan said in his letter to Shang Shuling: "Jiao is not only knowledgeable, but also knowledgeable in governing the country. He lost his temper and kept a county. There has been no war disaster in the territory for more than 20 years, and the people have not lost their industries. Businessmen and tourists benefited from him. That is to say, if Dou Rong keeps the land of Hexi, he can't surpass him! In addition to dealing with official duties, he also studies books and biographies, especially the research and analysis of Chunqiu Zuozhuan, which is concise and nuanced. I have asked him for advice on some difficult points in the book many times, and he can give the teacher as an example and explain them in detail. He can understand the ancient and modern characters in Shangshu and has a very detailed understanding of its meaning. I heard that the school of classical Chinese classics and the school of modern Chinese classics thought that they were arguing endlessly. Now he is going to analyze the correct meaning of Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals and Shangshu. " The stone association is praised in this way.
After Zhu Fu's death, the court sent Zhang Jin as the new secretariat. However, Zhang Jin's behavior was absurd and unruly, and he was soon killed by the Ministry. When Jingzhou Cishibiao learned of this incident, he sent Lai Gong instead of Zhang Jin. At the same time, Wu Ju was appointed as the satrap of Cangwu, replacing Shi Huang, the former satrap who died of illness. In order to prevent Liu Biao from becoming too powerful, the court under Cao Cao's control gave Shi Xie an imperial edict with a seal and a title, saying, "Jiaozhou is located in a place isolated from the Central Plains, facing the sea in the south. The court's favor could not be declared, and the courtiers' words were banned. It is reported that the traitor Liu Biao sent Lai Gong to spy on the southern soil. Today, Shi Xie is the commander-in-chief of Suinan, and the governor of Jiaozhou is the seven counties, as before. "
Later, Shi Xie sent an envoy Sharla Cheung to pay tribute to Xu Du. It was when the world was in chaos that the road was cut off and Shi Xie did not give up the obligation to pay tribute. As a reward, the imperial court specially named Shi Xie as General Anyuan and named him Marquis.
Although it was Cao Cao who gave Shi Xie a title and title in the name of the son of heaven, and also the governor-general of seven counties in Jiaozhou, Shi Xie failed to fully grasp it after all. For example, Cangwu was in Wu's hands, and Wu Ju was Liu Biao's subordinate, but this Wu Ju drove away Lai Gong, the JIAOZHOU secretariat appointed by Liu Biao (feeling that Liu Biao's subordinates were in chaos).
But later, I don't know why, when both Liu Bei and Sun Quan were wooing Shi Xie, Shi Xie did not fall to Liu Bei with royal blood, but to Sun Quan. Maybe he thought Sun Quan was the same person as him. Liu Bei's offensive heart is too heavy, which is not conducive to the stability and peace of Jiaozhou. But in other words, Liu Bei and Sun Quan have nothing to rely on if Shi Xie doesn't turn to Sun Quan and stand on his own feet. The land of Lingnan is too dangerous and it is too difficult to arrange troops. The second JIAOZHOU was a barbarian land during the Three Kingdoms period, but it was a pity to abandon it and had no taste. Third, people are turning to intellectuals, who are not vegetarians.
In the fifteenth year of Jian 'an (2 10), Sun Quan sent Bu Zhi to make a secretariat of Jiaozhou, Shi Xie led his brother to join him, and Wu Ju was unfaithful and killed by Bu Zhi. From then on, Shi Xie was named General Zuo by Sun Quan.
At the end of Jian 'an (195-220), Shi Xie sent his son Shi Kun to Wu Dong as a hostage, and Sun Quan appointed him as the satrap of Wuchang. The sons of Shi Xie and Shi Yi in the south were all appointed as corps commanders. At the same time, Shi Xie supported Wu in the conflict between Wu and Wu, induced Yizhou nobles to oppose Shu and attach Wu, and was worshipped by Sun Quan as General Wei and Long Hou.
Shi Xie often sent messengers to see Sun Quan, offering all kinds of spices and gingerbread. There are thousands of people everywhere. Other treasures, such as pearls, shellfish, coloured glaze, jadeite, tortoiseshell, ivory, exotic things and fruits, bananas, coconuts, longan, etc., are not donated through the ages. Shiyi sometimes contributes hundreds of good horses. Sun Quan always writes to them personally and gives them generous gifts in return to comfort them.
Shi Xie, who ruled Jiaozhou for nearly 40 years in the fifth year of Huang Wu, died at the age of 90.
However, Shi Hui, Shi Xie's son, was unwilling to be ruled by the State of Wu and tried to stand on his own feet. Unfortunately, under the attack of Wu and Lv Dai, he soon failed. Later, Shi Kuang was sent to persuade Shi Hui to surrender to Sun Wu. After Shi Hui surrendered, Lv Dai led the army into Jiaozhi County, and the soldiers were executed.
After Shi Hui's death, Shi Hui's generals Gan Miao and Huan Zhi led officials and subalterns to attack Lv Dai, and Lv Dai struggled to kill the enemy and defeated Gan Miao and Huan Zhi. Later, Lv Dai marched into Nine Towns, and the chaotic situation in Shi Hui was finally calmed down.
What happened to Shi Xie's family after his death?
Shi Xie's brother Shi Yi is a general, and he was appointed as a township official. He was excused as Shu Ren because of Shi Hui's rebellion, and was later killed for breaking the law.
Brother in Shi Xie? , officer to nine true satrap, but also because of the emblem from Shu Ren, was killed for breaking the law.
Shi Geng, the son of Shi Xie, made a pledge to Sun Quan, worshipped the satrap of Wuchang, and died because of Shi Hui's rebellion.
Shi Xie's son Zuo Shi and Shi Hui were killed together.
Shi Xie's son Shi Hui claimed to be the local governor after Shi Xie's death, trapping and killing Lv Dai.
Shi Xie's son Shi Kan and Shi Hui were killed together.
Song Shi, the son of Shi Xie, was killed with Shi Hui.
Shi Xie's nephew, Shi, worshipped the corps commander, and was spared because of rebellion.
It can be seen that Sun Quan has deliberately destroyed the scholar-officials. Maybe he was forced or cheated to rebel, which brought trouble to his family and made poor Shi Xie loyal and defected to Sun Wu. The result ended like this. If Shi Xie had known, would he have defected to Sun Wu? Self-reliance or voting for Liu?
Shi Xie s contribution to Lingnan and Southeast Asia;
Shi Xie loves the study of Confucianism and attaches importance to the spread of Confucianism. He exchanged Confucianism with Confucian scholars who took refuge in Jiaozhou, and wrote books and biographies, which set off the prosperity of Confucianism in Jiaozhou and created a golden age in the history of Lingnan culture. It was Shi Xie's rule and emphasis on education and culture that made the spread of Confucianism in Jiaodong a historic leap, and Jiaodong became the academic and cultural center of South China at that time.
Jiaozhou's superior geographical location and convenient land and water transportation made it a hub for cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries during the Three Kingdoms period in the Han Dynasty. It is not only the window for the Central Plains civilization to communicate with the outside world, but also the southern gate for understanding the introduction of foreign cultures. The Confucian craze of Xiexie deeply influenced neighboring countries such as Vietnam, and was highly appreciated by Vietnamese people. Shi Xie was honored by Vietnamese rulers and scholars as "King Wen" and "the ancestor of South Learning". He entered the Imperial Temple first, then the Confucian Temple, and has been dedicated to him ever since.
Shi Xie not only introduced Confucianism into Jiaozhou, but also contributed to the creation of Vietnamese characters. In the Ming Dynasty, Yan Congjian's "Zhou Te Lu" said that Shi Xie "translated the classics in midsummer, taught others, and learned business. However, in the middle and summer, the throat sound, the tongue sound in the mother tongue and the words used are the same as those in China, but the pronunciation is different. " Shi Xie created the word "Nan" for the Yue people, and performed it as the Yue language under the guise of Chinese characters, which is the arrow of the ancient Yue language. Shi Xie also translated the phonology of Chinese characters into Yuesheng and Pingyi in a certain way, and Ren Yue was able to recite poems and chat correctly because of this. Because of this, the Vietnamese people still remember and praise the achievements of the Stone Association.