Since then, the Huns' anti-Chinese hostile forces have risen, and the relationship between China and Hungary has become tense again.
In the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Huns took advantage of the war in the Central Plains to support separatist forces and split the Han Dynasty. In the first year of Jianwu (25th year), it is said that Fang Lu, who settled in Sanshui (now east of Tongxin County, Ningxia), established himself as a general and King Xiping, and sent messengers to collude with Xiqiang and Xiongnu. Xiongnu Khan led thousands of cavalry to welcome his brothers into Xiongnu, made "Emperor Han" and Lv Cheng corps commanders, and led tarquin back to settle in Han as a sign of unity.
Not only that, Xiongnu Khan also sent messengers to kiss Li Xing, Sui Yu, Tian Sa of Shuofang, Shijie, Min Kan of Dai Jun, etc. , woo them to support Fang Lu back to the mainland when the emperor, in an attempt to turn the Central Plains into Xiongnu territory through this "Han Emperor". On December 29th, the fifth year of Jianwu, Li Xing and others led the troops to Shanyu Pavilion to meet the people of Fang Lu, established a puppet regime in Jiuyuan County (now the west of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia), occupied Wuyuan, Shuofang, Yunzhong, Dingxiang and Yanmen counties, and defended and delivered orders separately. Fang Lu and Xiongnu troops attacked and plundered the northern border counties of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the people suffered greatly.
At that time, the Eastern Han government was just established and its strength was relatively weak. In addition, Liu was too busy with the unification war to take care of the northern border affairs. The invasion of Xiongnu can only strengthen the border blockade and adopt a defensive policy.
Appreciation of Ancient Landscape Paintings In the sixth year of Jianwu (30 years), Liu sent and Han Tong to Xiongnu successively, and presented a large number of gold coins in an attempt to mend fences. However, Khan was so arrogant that he was furious with China's envoy's words and invaded the Han territory as always. In the ninth year of Jianwu (33), Fu Han was sent to lead four generals, including Wang Chang, and more than 50,000 people attacked. Xiongnu sent troops to rescue, Lien Chan for many years, the Han army failed to return, Xiongnu became more arrogant and invaded on a large scale.
The Eastern Han government had to take the defensive, with Zhuhutun Changshan (now northwest of Yuanshi County, Hebei Province), Wang Changtun, Zhuo Jun (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province), Hou Jintun, Yuyang (now southwest of Miyun, Beijing) and Wang Ba as the governors of Shanggu to prevent the Huns from invading. In the 15th year of Jianwu (39), the Xiongnu attacked and plundered day by day, and the counties were unable to resist. Liu Xiu sent haing s ngor, Ma Cheng and Ma Wu to attack the Xiongnu in the north, and took more than 60,000 officials and people to Yanmen (now southeast of Shuoxian County, Shanxi Province), Dai Jun (now northwest of Yanggao, Shanxi Province) and Shanggu (now southeast of Huailai, Hebei Province) to the east of Juyongguan and Changshanguan, in order to avoid the killing and looting of the Xiongnu. At the same time, pavilions were built on the border, bonfires were built, and thousands of troops were sent to counties along the border to strengthen defense.
Xiongnu Khan heard that the Han Dynasty offered a reward to Fang Lu, and he was greedy for money and deliberately sent Fang Lu back. Fang Lu sent envoys to surrender, and Liu Xiu made Fang Lu an enemy of Xiongnu and made him the acting king. Fang Lu also regarded himself as a credit, and did not say that he was sent by the Huns. He was afraid of exposing the plot and didn't dare to tell the truth, so the Eastern Han government didn't reward him.
Xiongnu Khan became angry from embarrassment, more resentful and invaded deeper. In the 20th year of Jianwu (44), Xiongnu attacked Shangdang (now the eldest son of Shanxi), Fufeng (now Xingping of Shaanxi) and Tianshui (now west of Tongwei of Gansu) twice. Next spring, we will attack the north, especially to the east of Dai Jun, with the troops of Wuhuan and Xianbei. "The people in the five counties are ordinary, and their families are affected by it. As for the damage to the county, the people are in exile, the border is depressed, and there is no news. " That winter, the Huns invaded Shanggu, Zhongshan (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province) and other places. "Kill a little money, grab a little money, and the north will not recover."
In the 22nd year of Jianwu (46), Xiongnu Khan died, and his younger brother Zuo Wang Xianpunu was Khan. Xiongnu had contradictions because of succession; In addition, the Huns have been plagued by locusts for years, thousands of miles of bare land, famine and human and animal epidemics, and their strength has been greatly weakened. They had to stop military attacks and plunder, and sent envoys to Yuyang to seek relatives, so as to ease the tension between Han and Hungary. The grandson of Uhaanyehe, the leader of southern Xiongnu, was very dissatisfied with this, but he secretly sent Guo Heng, a Han nationality, to carry the map of Xiongnu. In the twenty-third year of Jianwu, he met the prefect of Xihe County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (Lishi, now Shanxi) and asked for admission. Eight adults of Xiongnu discussed the establishment of Khan, but they still used the name Huhanye, indicating that they inherited the traditional relationship between China and Hungary at the end of the Western Han Dynasty.
Next year, Wang Bi will lead 40,000 to 50,000 people from the Eighth Army of the South to surrender to Han. Emperor Guangwu adopted the advice of Geng Guo, a corps commander with five senses, and accepted Bi's surrender, which made him "establish Xianbei in the east, reject Xiongnu in the north, and lead Li to complete the border county" and recognized him as a southern Xiongnu. Since then, the Huns have been divided into two, and Sino-Hungarian relations have turned.
In the 26th year of Jianwu (50), the Eastern Han government sent Chen Duan, a corps commander, to the southern Xiongnu, and set up Shan Yu in the west of Wuyuan (now northwest of Baotou City, Inner Mongolia), and set up a "Xiongnu corps commander" to lead troops to protect and guide inspectors, while Nanshan sent his son to serve. In the Han Dynasty, Khan and E Shi, officials below the wise kings left and right, were given crowns, seals, chariots, horses, gold silks, armored soldiers, utensils and food of 25,000, 36,000 cattle and sheep, 0/0000 horses and 0/0000 catties of sheep. That winter, Nan Danyu lost the battle with the Xiongnu in the north, so the Eastern Han government decided to move him to Meiji in Xihe (now north of Zhungeer Banner in Inner Mongolia) and ordered him to send troops to protect and restore the border counties. Nan Danyu also set up kings of all stripes and led troops to assist the defense and reconnaissance of the northern Xiongnu.
The ancient landscape painting in South Khan was attached to Han Dynasty, while in North Xiongnu Khan was terrified. First, return the China people who were plundered before to show goodwill; In the twenty-seventh year of Jianwu (5 1), he sent an envoy to Wuwei on the pretence to make peace with Korea. The government of the Eastern Han Dynasty called a meeting between officials and ministers, but the ministers disagreed and failed to make a decision. Liu Xiu believes that the military strength of the Northern Xiongnu is still strong, and it is not time to completely destroy the Northern Xiongnu. It is better to wait for the people and see what will happen. Next year, the northern Xiongnu once again sent tribute horses and furs to beg for relatives and have fun. Guangwudi handed over to the three governments for discussion and reward. Situ Ban Biao suggested adopting the historical education of calling and holding two khans in the Western Han Dynasty, pointing out that "the power of Han Bing, the total rate of all countries, the sun and the moon, are all servants and concubines, extremely vulgar and barbaric, loyal and heartless, obedient and rewarded, punished for rape, and the effect of good and evil, calling Han and grandchildren." This means that Punu Khan must really surrender, and he is what he is. If he has two intentions, he will surely end up like Zhi Zhi Khan. At the same time, give cloth, arrows, swords and other things as a reward, but don't send messengers back. The invited musical instruments will not be given for the time being, because Khan has not settled in China, and he dedicated himself to the meritorious military service. Guangwudi adopted Ban Biao's opinion. Since then, the predatory behavior of the northern Xiongnu has slightly converged.
By the time of Ming Di, the Northern Xiongnu became more and more powerful. They control the western regions, often invade Hexi and northern counties, and plunder the Huns and Han people in the south. In order to avoid the invasion of Xiongnu, the Eastern Han Dynasty promised to "merge the city" with the northern Xiongnu. Some traitors in South Xiongnu resented the diplomatic relations between Han and North Xiongnu, and secretly colluded with the nobles of North Xiongnu, preparing to jointly oppose the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the eighth year of Yongping in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the court set up Liao Yingying camp, with Wu Tang, a corps commander, as a military commander, and set up Mambo in Wuyuan (now Dongsheng, Inner Mongolia) to isolate the traffic between Xiongnu and Xiongnu. Although the northern Xiongnu sent envoys to pay tribute, they still attacked and plundered Hexi border counties many times, "burning the city and killing less, and the gates of Hexi were closed during the day", and the border counties were once again threatened. In order to ensure the safety of the four counties in Hexi and restore the traffic with the western regions, the Eastern Han Dynasty decided to change the strategy of giving priority to defense and adopt the policy of active attack. In the 16th year of Yi Yongping (73), Ming Di sent Dou Gu and others to lead the Han army to attack the Xiongnu in four ways with the southern Xiongnu, Hu Qiang and other national soldiers. Dou Gu and Geng Zhong went all the way out of Jiuquan to Tianshan Mountain (now the north of Turpan, Xinjiang), defeated Huyan Wang, beheaded more than a thousand people, chased the Prehai Lake (now Barkun Lake, Xinjiang), occupied Yiwu Lucheng (now Hami West, Xinjiang), set up a surname of Iga, and left officials to guard it. The other three roads, because the Huns heard the wind and fled north, were all in vain. The following year, Geng Bing, Dou Gu and others led fourteen thousand troops to conquer Che's family (now Qitai and Turpan in Xinjiang) and returned to Duhu and Wuji as a captain.
After Emperor Zhang succeeded to the throne, the Huns in the north fell to the south because of hunger and chaos. In the first year of Zhanghe alone (87), there were 58 Qulan elementary schools with 280,000 students. With the support of the Han Dynasty, the Southern Xiongnu, Xianbei and Ding Ling invaded the Northern Xiongnu and had frequent contacts in ancient times. The strength of the northern Xiongnu is weakening day by day. In the second year of Zhanghe (88), Emperor Zhanghe died. When he succeeded to the throne, he was old and Dou Taihou was in the DPRK. Shan Yu Tu of the Southern Xiongnu wrote to Dou Taihou, saying: According to the report of the new commander-in-chief of the Northern Xiongnu, the Shan Yu brothers of the Northern Xiongnu fought for power and profit, and all parts were scattered. "It is appropriate to divide and rule with the northern Lu, send troops to crusade, break the north into the south, and become a country, so that Han parents have no thoughts of the north." In the first year of Yongyuan (89), the government of the Eastern Han Dynasty took Geng Bing as the general, led 8,000 cavalry by Dou Xian, the general riding chariots, and led 30,000 cavalry by Du Liaoying and Nandan Khan. They sent troops from the north, divided into three ways, and attacked the Xiongnu. In the mountainous area (now southwest of the People's Republic of Mongolia), they fought against the North Khan, and the North Xiongnu fled. The Han army pursued, beheaded 13,000 soldiers below the famous king, and seized more than one million cattle, horses, cattle and sheep. The officers and men of the Northern Xiongnu surrendered one after another, with more than 200,000 people in 81 departments. Dou Xian and Geng Bing traveled more than 3,000 miles, boarded the Yanran (now Hangai Mountain in the People's Republic of Mongolia), wrote an inscription by Ban Gu, a famous historian of the Guards, and carved a stone to record their achievements, claiming that this expedition was to avenge Gao-zu and Emperor Wen, publicize the ancestors' gods, defend the country, expand the territory and develop the prestige of great men.
In the second year, the southern Xiongnu Khan wrote to Tu Youyou again, requesting the elimination of the northern Xiongnu, so he sent Zuo, Wang Shizi and others to lead 8,000 cavalry, and under the protection of Han army officers, they made an expedition to the northern Xiongnu and besieged it overnight. After the injury, Bei Chanyu led dozens of light cavalry to escape, and all his E Shi and his family were captured, beheading 8,000 northern Xiongnu officers and soldiers, and taking more than 1,000 prisoners.
In the third year of Yongyuan (9 1), Dou Xian sent left captains Gengkui and Sima Renshang out of Juyansai (now Ejina Banner in Inner Mongolia), defeated the Xiongnu in Jinwei Mountain (now Altai Mountain), captured North Khan's mother E Shi alive, and beheaded the king below 5,000. "North Khan escaped, I don't know where." The Han army returned more than 5,000 miles from the fortress, which was the farthest trip of the northern Xiongnu. After this attack, North Khan led the rest of the people out of Mobei, lived comfortably in the west (in Uzbekistan in the former Soviet Union), and then entered Europe. The border counties in Han Dynasty were no longer harassed by Huns.