Etiquette is a code of conduct and criterion for people in social communication activities. It is an important part of moral education, an external manifestation of moral cultivation and a symbol of a country's civilization. China is known as the "state of etiquette", and there has been a saying since ancient times that "no manners, no prestige". But now many parents ignore this point, so that there are a series of problems such as arrogance, selfishness, rudeness, greed, laziness, bad temper and so on in the process of children's growth. The reason is nothing more than that in the process of cultivating children, parents have adopted ways and means that are contrary to their growing nature. Because of parents' obedience and unlimited doting on their children, the children have become a little princess and emperor in a family, so that they don't know what manners are and what manners are. In public places and daily life, we can easily find rude phenomena such as littering, swearing and uncivilized phone calls. In the long run, children's bad habits can not be effectively corrected, which not only hinders their own physical and mental health development, but also has a negative impact on the development of the whole society. Therefore, etiquette education is imminent and must be paid enough attention by families and society. For this reason, family education and school education must be combined to correct children's bad habits to the maximum extent.
First, the analysis of the present situation of children's etiquette education
In recent years, China has made great efforts in educating students' ideological, political and moral qualities, and has made considerable achievements. However, there are still many problems in the conscious etiquette education for students. From the fact that 98.7% people hold a negative attitude towards the present situation of etiquette education in China, we can see that the present situation of etiquette education in China is not optimistic. There are three main reasons for analyzing its present situation:
1. Since the reform and opening up, the country has made brilliant achievements in the construction of material civilization and spiritual civilization. However, due to the emphasis on political and ideological construction and the neglect of traditional moral construction to a certain extent, students lack the basic common sense of etiquette, which has become a weak link in school education.
2. In the process of education, etiquette education has not been paid enough attention. Although quality education has been put forward for many years, some teachers' educational concepts are still influenced by traditional exam-oriented education, and they do not pay enough attention to students' moral education, and the phenomenon of attaching importance to wisdom and neglecting morality still exists. In rural schools, teachers do not attach importance to students' etiquette education, and students' etiquette cultivation has been seriously out of touch with the requirements of modern society;
3. Family education ignores etiquette education. Nowadays, most students are only children. The selfish, willful, self-centered and self-centered thoughts of only children are incompatible with the core concepts of etiquette-respecting others, caring for others and being strict with yourself! In family education, parents generally do not attach importance to children's etiquette education. What's more, they only pay attention to their children's academic performance, do not carry out ideological and moral education at all, and are indifferent to etiquette. In addition, the poor etiquette quality of some rural parents has seriously affected the improvement of students' etiquette quality.
Second, what benefits will learning etiquette bring to children?
1. It is beneficial to cultivate children's concentration and sense of order.
A quiet and orderly learning environment is the basic guarantee for children's learning. A child with good manners and good behavior habits will politely ask for advice when he wants to participate in other people's work, such as "xx, can I play games with you?" "xx, can you give me your toy to play with?" Similarly, when he knows that others want to get involved in his work field, he will politely agree to get involved. At this time, children will focus all their attention on what they are doing, which will improve their concentration and thus improve the efficiency and quality of learning. Psychologist John gotman's research also shows that children who know manners and etiquette will be healthier physically and mentally, more caring, more compassionate and make more friends. It can be seen that children's etiquette education can not only improve their concentration and sense of order, but also make more friends, thus promoting their healthy physical and mental growth.
2. It is conducive to the development of children's habits such as independence, self-confidence and respect for others.
A high-quality, highly educated person must have a good civilization. Such people will be respected and welcomed by others. Psychologically speaking, the higher the degree of acceptance by all people, the more conducive it is to establishing harmonious interpersonal relationships, opening up the situation and developing the cause. When a child knows how to respect others, understand others and form good behavior habits, he will be accepted by others, welcomed by everyone and have many friends. The increase of friends undoubtedly increases children's self-confidence, and these friends can indirectly or directly bring him more and better development opportunities, so that children can gradually form a sound personality and interpersonal skills.
3. It is conducive to promoting the socialization of young children.
Personal socialization needs a process, a social environment and the role of education. "Etiquette controls people through universality, and makes people become second nature through education." Children's socialization is inseparable from the intervention of etiquette education, and "being sensible and polite" is the symbol of children's socialization. Through the education of children's social life style and social moral etiquette, children have formed social habits and gradually become socialized. Therefore, etiquette education plays an important role in children's individual socialization.
4. It is conducive to the development of children's aesthetic ability.
Etiquette education can also promote children to appreciate beauty, discover beauty and create beauty, thus improving their aesthetic ability. Elegant appearance, beautiful walking posture and standing posture all exude beauty, which not only plays a great role in creating a good social environment, but also purifies children's hearts. Through etiquette education, let children be polite, polite, polite, polite, shape a brand-new self, and promote the development of children's aesthetic ability in many ways.
Third, the necessity of etiquette education for children
Many studies at home and abroad show that in the process of individual development, the acquisition of certain behaviors has a critical period. In this critical period, individuals are in a state of active preparation and acceptance. If necessary stimulation and help are given, these behavioral abilities will develop rapidly and have a long-term impact. Preschool children are flexible and easy to accept all kinds of information from the outside world, so it is an ideal time to understand the society and learn all kinds of behavioral requirements, and it is also the best time to develop good behavioral habits such as etiquette. The essence of etiquette education is to cultivate people's education and teach people how to respect and get along with others. People are social people, which determines that the ultimate goal of our education is not simply to learn knowledge and develop intelligence, but to adapt people to the needs of society, promote social development and realize people's all-round development. People live in society, only by learning to respect others can they truly stand on their own feet in society, achieve self-respect and self-love, and create a harmonious humanistic environment and civilized society.
Modern educators put forward the educational concept of "teaching thousands of things, teaching people first". Therefore, to cultivate people in our education, we should first pay attention to cultivating educated people who understand etiquette. Advocating etiquette education has a strong practical pertinence, especially today, for the only child who is spoiled by "three thousand people in one middle school", he has been spoiled or even spoiled since childhood. Many children are often accustomed to being self-centered in social communication, and often lack a concept of humility and cooperation with others, and do not know how to respect, care and understand others. Sometimes they seem to have more intelligence than education and lack the necessary etiquette. There are also some children who are withdrawn and unsociable, forming unsociable, introverted and paranoid personalities. In our modern life, what we need most is the team spirit of mutual respect, mutual tolerance, unity and cooperation among people. Therefore, offering etiquette classes in kindergartens, so that children can learn how to behave, how to get along, communicate and cooperate with others, is not only conducive to the improvement of children's upbringing and sound development of personality, but also to the improvement of the overall quality of the next generation, and ultimately to the improvement of the whole social civilization. As a kindergarten teacher, we can share our educational experience with children or their parents, and sum up the experience that is beneficial to children's development and growth, and then apply it to the actual teaching process of early childhood education. Only in this way can we provide a good educational environment for children and improve their comprehensive quality, and children will always maintain a normal psychological state and promote the harmonious development of their body and mind.
Fourth, how to carry out etiquette education for children.
1, pay attention to create a good environmental atmosphere.
Early childhood is the enlightenment period of ideological and moral education, and etiquette education is an important part of ideological and moral education. However, children in early childhood are very plastic and easy to form various habits. If adults pay attention to cultivating children's civilized behavior from an early age, children will benefit for life. If children's etiquette education is neglected in this period, it will be difficult to change when they grow up. As the saying goes, "Less becomes nature, and habit becomes nature." In today's one-child family, children are spoiled at home and become "little emperors" and "little princesses" at home. They play alone since childhood and make "friends" with toys, which is easy to form personality characteristics such as being withdrawn, willful, afraid of difficulties, lacking self-control and persistence, and being rude to people. Many families lack etiquette education for their children, which leads to their children growing up at home. In kindergarten, we will strengthen polite language education for children, and parents should educate their children from the details of daily life, such as greeting acquaintances; Say "goodbye" respectively; Don't disturb mom and dad when they are working, studying and resting; Don't interrupt when mom and dad are talking; Do not interrupt others' speech at will; Influence others to say "sorry"; Don't tamper with other people's things without permission; You should say something like "please" when asking others for help. Parents should also give their children the most basic etiquette education at home, such as how to sit while sitting; How to eat; What should I do when the guests come? How to be a polite and sensible child? Over time, starting with the details, you can often get good results.
2. Parents lead by example.
Children's polite behavior comes from learning and imitating parents and adults, so parents must begin to cultivate their children's manners. Parents should also be strict with themselves, respect the elderly, and say hello to the elderly every morning. Children will naturally respect their grandparents and be polite to them. If there are elderly people at home, parents can communicate with them, tell them the disadvantages of loving children and love them rationally. I believe that the elderly will support the educational methods of young parents. Parents are at home on weekdays, whether they like reading or not, it is best to hold books in their hands and form the habit that children love reading. Be filial to the elderly, don't swear, and set an example. It is best to put some classical and beautiful piano music at home, or some quiet light music and songs played by various national musical instruments to cultivate children's noble artistic sentiment. It is my father's fault that I don't teach. Parents should pay attention to their words and deeds at home every day. Children have a strong imitation ability since childhood. Everything parents say and do will directly affect their children. Others say that "a child's mind is like a blank sheet of paper". Parents play a very important role in daily life whether the child draws this blank piece of paper well or not. If children have the habit of swearing, don't think that they are too young to know anything. Although they are still children, they don't even know what swearing means or what they are talking about, but as he grows older, his bad habits will gradually form. If you find your child swearing, you should educate him ideologically, stop him in time, and don't blindly beat and scold him. Beating and scolding children will be counterproductive, and children have a strong rebellious mentality. Children can be required to recite some classics every day, such as The Amethyst and Disciples Rules. After a long time, you will see the effect and see that the children are different. This will not only help them learn the truth of being a man, but also enhance their memory. You can kill two birds with one stone. Therefore, it is very important for children's development and growth to develop the habit of being polite and learn to speak polite language from an early age. In daily education, parents should cooperate closely with teachers and do a good job in education. Only in this way can children be better educated. The educational methods I put forward above are just my personal views and some experiences in practice. There are three most important things in life: life, time and the word "faith". As long as there is morality and credit, children's future life path will be better and more brilliant.
3. Cultivate in daily life
In daily life, we always pay attention to reminding children to say hello to others, and praise them as soon as they see that their children are doing well. And in spare time, teachers tell children moral education stories, tell them manners, let them perform on stage and let them practice. Such as: how to receive guests, how to greet people, how to answer the phone and so on. Children's habit of being polite at home depends on their parents' unremitting cultivation. Parents can use various opportunities and occasions to let their children practice and exercise. For example, they can invite friends from their neighbors to play at home and teach them to be polite to each other. Don't take your children to other people's homes because you are afraid of being rude, so they will lose the opportunity to exercise. You can also let children start from housework. Let children do housework, first, he will be grateful; Second, it will let children learn to develop the habit of hard work; Third, promote children's interpersonal relationships; Fourth, improve children's willpower and ability to bear things, which is what children in society lack most, so parents should also train their children to do housework in their lives.
Children's etiquette is cultivated in social communication and practical operation and can be cultivated in many ways. Combined with activities, etiquette education is curriculum-oriented. Teachers should fully explore the content of etiquette education in all aspects of kindergarten day and formulate etiquette behavior norms suitable for children of all ages. Every week, stories and life-oriented teaching are the content, so that children's etiquette education is closer to their lives and needs. In the process of children coming to the park, we should select etiquette pacesetters from large classes and take turns to receive the children and parents of the whole park from 8: 00 to 8: 30 every morning. The civilized language, standard posture and gestures of etiquette pacesetters not only set an example for children in middle and small classes, but also set a good example for their parents. Infiltrate etiquette education activities into all activities in kindergartens. Etiquette education is an important part of social education. Therefore, teachers should take etiquette education as a breakthrough and penetrate into all educational activities. At the same time, combined with festivals such as Mother's Day, May 1 International Labor Day, March 8 Women's Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Children's Day on June 1, we should educate our children to love their motherland, people, relatives and companions, so that they can understand the importance of etiquette education and consciously abide by it.
Summary of scientific research work in cadre colleges 1
According to the school's work plan and teaching and research work