Teachers adhere to the principle of "taking games as the basic activity", make teaching toys according to the contents and objectives of kindergarten teaching activities, and apply them flexibly in various teaching activities to improve their professional quality and growth. Through practical cases at work, it fully shows that teachers can make teaching toys with goals, levels, functions, interests, participation, sustainability, autonomy and openness by using waste materials in line with the principle of "turning waste into treasure", which can promote the development of children's physical and mental diversity; Stimulate children's desire to explore; Hands-on interest; Help children construct experience; Cultivate children's multi-directional thinking; Improve children's game level. Rational use of teaching toys has become an effective, practical and realistic teaching method for kindergarten teachers.
main body
First, the significance of homemade toys
(1) Toys are an indispensable part of children's growth. And buying new toys for a long time will inevitably bring a heavy economic burden. According to the market survey of children's toys, a very ordinary small toy costs about 10 yuan, a better toy costs several hundred yuan, and some even costs several hundred thousand yuan. Transformers and puzzles on the market are all above 300 yuan. So buying toys for a long time will bring a certain burden, which fully illustrates the necessity of making toys.
Self-made toys to promote children's learning and development. Children can experience operability and practicality in the production process, learn to think, explore and create actively, cultivate children's ability of hands, brains and hand-eye coordination, and develop children's spatial thinking ability. ?
(3) Homemade toys are novel and timely, with widely used materials and low cost. Children's homemade toys mainly come from things they come into contact with in life, such as small leaves in nature, discarded cartons, bottles and cans, and toy parts that they have damaged before. In short, parents don't need to buy these materials or spend money. Why not?
Second, the impact of homemade toys on the development of early childhood education activities
The "Outline" points out: "I am willing to explore with my peers, express my findings in an adaptive way and communicate with each other; Strengthen communication between teachers and students and peers, cultivate children's intimate and friendly attitude towards people, teach necessary communication skills, and learn to live in harmony. "
Games can meet the needs of children's social development, and the necessity of making toys can not be ignored, which also has a far-reaching impact on the development of early childhood education activities. This influence is mainly manifested in children's ability to communicate with others, willpower, the habit of obeying rules, and the cultivation of social cooperation spirit.
(A) to improve children's ability to communicate with others. Toys are the communication medium for preschool children. By making their own toys, especially cooperating with others, children can realize communication activities with their peers and form their social behaviors. In the process of making their own toys, the size, shape and color of toys need coordination between children and their peers. The communication activities between children constitute the social network of children's interpersonal relationships, which enables children to gradually understand the thoughts, behaviors and wishes of their peers, understand the feelings and behaviors of others, and learn interpersonal skills such as sharing, mutual humility and cooperation with peers.
(2) Enhance children's willpower and cultivate the habit of obeying rules. In the process of making toys, children show a high level of consciousness and behavior.
Case: the teacher in the big class asked the children to make their own headdresses, and stipulated that they should not walk around during the production process and should not destroy other people's works when watching the works. In the process of hands-on operation, the children are very serious and use their brains actively. Some touch their heads, some keep trying with paper, and some discuss with their peers. Even the most naughty children can operate quietly. It can be seen that homemade toys have a great regulating effect on children's behavior habits. Therefore, homemade toys can enhance the cultivation and exercise of children's willpower.
? (3) Cultivate children's cooperative spirit. In the process of making toys, children can not only strengthen their willpower, cultivate the spirit of overcoming difficulties and exercise their patience, concentration and self-confidence, but also participate in cooperation, think together, innovate together and complete their works together with other children. In this process, we can fully cultivate children's good psychological quality of unity, friendship, modesty and cooperation, and develop their lively, cheerful and positive personality.
1.？ Cultivate children's sense of cooperation. Homemade toys are an activity carried out by children through consultation and cooperation.
Case 1: In the children's self-made toy activity "Cars", when children make various cars, the teacher organizes children to make a large-scale game "Cars on the Road", and simulates scenes such as roads, traffic lights and parking lots indoors with small blocks and leaves, and arranges the children's self-made "cars" on the road reasonably and orderly, discusses traffic rules together, and deduces the stories of police and drivers. Children's mutual cooperation will experience.
2. Cultivate children to learn to share with others. Self-made toys are an activity process for children to operate by themselves or cooperate with others to complete their works and experience happiness together.
Case 2: In the homemade toy activity "Animals", elephants, butterflies, giraffes and other animals were released in the tender hands of young children. The teacher suggested: "Let's build a zoo, so many animals will be happy to live in love together." . So "Happy Zoo" came into being. Boys build various houses for small animals, while girls arrange warm and comfortable living environment for small animals. As a result, many interesting stories have been produced among animals, and children have successfully experienced the joy of cooperation and sharing.
It can be seen that in the game activities, children can not only learn to share their creative works, but also have a further understanding of the structure and use of the works, constantly sum up experience in sharing and communicating with others, and stimulate their creative thinking.
Third, teachers make their own toys for children's teaching activities.
Kindergarten has a clear curriculum design, and teachers make their own toys based on the learning content and development goals of the curriculum, which can be applied to health, language, music, science, art and other educational fields. At different ages, children have different interests, understandings and hobbies. Therefore, teachers will make corresponding game teaching AIDS according to children's age characteristics and apply them to kindergarten education and teaching activities.
(A) adhere to the "game as the basic activity" principle. Teachers' making teaching toys can promote professional development. They should not only pay attention to the needs of education and teaching activities, but also cultivate and improve children's interests, and at the same time combine the characteristics of children of all ages. For example, "magic house" can be used for scientific inquiry activities, "whimsy" can be used for mathematics activities and "healthy combination" can be used for sports activities. Based on the analysis of children's interest in color, a teaching toy "multifunctional operation board" is designed to develop children's ability of language telling and story creation. Teachers choose and design reasonable content from all angles, collect waste materials from all aspects, guide and stimulate children's curiosity and thirst for knowledge through joint efforts with children, and encourage children to actively participate in education and teaching activities. "Small Animals Go Home" is designed according to the age characteristics of small class children, which conforms to the characteristics of parallel games for children of this age, and can also meet the educational and teaching needs of children's collective activities and social cognitive development.
(2) Adhere to the principle of "turning waste into treasure". Making teaching toys with waste materials has become an effective, practical and realistic teaching method for teachers. Teachers make targeted and hierarchical toys to promote the diversified development of children's body and mind; Teachers make multi-functional toys to let children play in middle schools and schools to stimulate children's desire to explore; Teachers make interesting toys to stimulate children's interest in operation and get effective self-development in operation; Teachers make participatory toys to help children build experiences; Teachers make independent and open toys, which can improve children's game level; For example, the "balance beam" is made of waste materials such as wooden sticks, sticks, bottles and cans, which is suitable for children's age games in large classes. This kind of waste is easy to find and do, and it has great utilization value. Children have a strong sense of identity with the game, which is stimulating and can resonate.
Fourth, homemade toys promote family cooperation.
Let children know that in the activity of "turning waste into treasure", they feel the reuse of resources, and let them and their parents further understand that cherishing resources and protecting the limited resources of the earth are things that children should do from an early age and that all of us should do together. Therefore, homemade toys are also very important in home cooperation. Parents can learn more about their children by participating in kindergarten activities. Children get consistent attitude and support from home, which can ensure the effective development of homemade toys. With the help and support of parents, children collect materials and make toys together. Toys not only play an auxiliary role in the physical bridge between parents and children, but also enhance the emotional communication between children and parents.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
Children are the flowers of the motherland, the pillars of the future of the motherland and the successors of socialist modernization. Let them grow up healthily, which is not only the obligation of a family, but also the responsibility of society. It is our expectation to cultivate children's sociality and let them integrate into the big family of society earlier. The cultivation of children's sociality by homemade toys is only the tip of the iceberg. I hope to start from this corner, make it perfect, and strive to train every child to become a useful person to society.