Summary of physics education and teaching in senior three 1 In a blink of an eye, the short semester is about to pass. This semester, I teach physics in Class 3 1 Senior 3 and comprehensive physics in Class 4/Senior 3. According to the teaching plan, we have carefully prepared lessons, attended classes, evaluated classes, corrected examination papers in time, and provided after-school counseling, and completed the teaching tasks as scheduled. In order to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses in future work and achieve better results, the work of this semester is summarized as follows:
First, carefully organize classroom teaching and strive to complete the teaching progress.
Second, strengthen the discussion of the college entrance examination and realize the scientific and effective preparation work.
The teaching and research activities of the physics preparation group this semester are flexible. Members of the preparation group will have a strict discussion on the treatment of teaching materials, the selection of teaching content, the design of teaching rules and the arrangement of exercises to ensure the normal development of teaching work. The main content is divided into two parts: one is to discuss the teaching content of comprehensive courses and determine the teaching knowledge points and exercises. The second is to discuss the teaching problems of physics class, formulate and adjust countermeasures in time, and emphasize unified action. In addition, we should learn from other schools, learn from the experience of teachers from other schools, and listen to their opinions and suggestions on the preparation for the college entrance examination, so as to achieve obvious results. Third, learn from the old teachers, listen to their classes, learn from their classroom organization, learn from their teaching concepts, strengthen exchanges, learn from each other's strengths, and constantly improve the teaching level.
Third, always pay attention to top students and encourage them constantly. For students with learning difficulties, we should love, encourage and smile more.
Fourth, students are often given targeted psychological counseling, so that they can stay away from the troubles in their studies and easily face the college entrance examination.
Fifth, construct the knowledge structure of physics and grasp the key points and difficulties of each part of physical knowledge.
The knowledge of physics is mainly divided into five parts: force, electricity, light, heat and atomic physics.
Mechanics is the foundation, and many complicated problems in electricity and heat are combined with mechanics. Therefore, we must master the basic concepts and laws in mechanics in order to apply them flexibly in complex problems. Mechanics can be divided into statics, kinematics, dynamics, vibration and wave.
The core of statics is particle balance, as long as the appropriate object is selected, the force on the object is carefully analyzed, and then it is solved by synthesis or orthogonal decomposition.
The core of kinematics is basic concepts and several special movements. In basic concepts, we should distinguish between displacement and distance, speed and rate, speed, speed change and acceleration. Among several kinds of motions, the simplest one is the linear motion with uniform speed change, which can be directly solved by the formula of linear motion with uniform speed change; A little more complicated is the curve motion with uniform change. As long as the motion is decomposed into two linear motions with uniform change, the uniform change formula can be used. For uniform circular motion, we should know that it is neither uniform motion (the direction of speed is constantly changing) nor uniform variable motion (the direction of acceleration is constantly changing), and we need the basic formula of circular motion to solve it.
The most complicated part of mechanics is dynamics, but many problems can be solved quickly as long as we know the three main contradictions of dynamics: force and acceleration, impulse and momentum change, work and energy change, and choose appropriate methods to solve problems.
Vibration and fluctuation are optional. This part is based on kinematics and dynamics, but some characteristics of vibration and wave are added, such as the periodicity of motion (pay attention to the general solution when solving problems, that is, there are multiple answers that meet the requirements), and then the interference and diffraction of waves.
Electricity is another major part of physics, which can be divided into five major parts: static electricity, constant current, electricity and magnetism, alternating current and electromagnetic oscillation, and electromagnetic waves.
The electrostatic part includes Coulomb's law, electric field, objects in the field and capacitance. The concept of electric field is abstract, but the change of force and energy of charge in electric field is concrete. Therefore, the electric field intensity (from the point of charge force) and electric potential (from the point of energy) are introduced to describe the electric field, so that the gravitational field (gravitational field) in mechanics can be used to study the electric field analogously. But we should pay attention to the attraction between particles, the attraction and repulsion between point charges; Electric potential energy can be completely compared with gravitational potential energy: the amount of reduction of electric potential energy is as much as the positive work done by electric field force. In order to make the electric field more intuitive, electric field lines and equipotential surfaces are artificially added to describe the electric field. If you can master the properties of these two lines skillfully, it will help you understand the properties of electric field intuitively.
Objects in the electric field include charged particles moving in the electric field and conductors in electrostatic balance in the electric field. For the former, it can be completely treated by mechanical methods, just adding electric field force to various mechanical forces on particles. For the latter, we should master two effective methods: drawing electric field lines and judging electric potential.
The core of the constant current part is five basic concepts (electromotive force, current, voltage, resistance, power), ohm's law of various circuits and the series-parallel relationship of circuits. It is particularly important to understand the electromotive force in the basic concept, knowing that it is a physical quantity describing the power supply's ability to do work, and its magnitude can generally be understood as the work done by the non-electrostatic force in the power supply to push a Coulomb positive charge from the negative pole to the positive pole of the power supply. For power, we must distinguish between firepower and electricity. Only when electric energy is completely converted into internal energy, firepower and electricity are equal. The understanding of ohm's law comes from the functional relationship, so we must pay attention to the applicable conditions when using it.
The core of electricity and magnetism are three things: electro-magnetism, magnetic electricity and electromagnetic force. As long as we master the conditions, size and direction of these three things, we will grasp the main contradiction in this part. The difficulty of this part is that causal changes are interactive. Changes in the physical quantity of A will cause changes in the physical quantity of B, which in turn will affect A, and this changed A will continue to affect B ... and so on.
In this part of alternating current, special attention should be paid to the causal relationship between voltage, current and electric power of primary and secondary windings of transformer. For the manufactured transformer, the voltage of the primary winding determines the voltage of the secondary winding (the voltage changes within the allowable range), and the current and power of the secondary winding determine the current and power of the primary winding.
The difficulty of electromagnetic oscillation and electromagnetic wave lies in the change of various physical quantities in L/C oscillation circuit. As long as we understand the nature of inductance coil and capacitance, the physical process and the changing law of various physical quantities, the problem will not be difficult to solve.
In the department of physics, the most closely combined and complicated topic of electricity and mechanics is often the electromechanical synthesis, but the basic law of application is mainly mechanics. In addition to the gravity, elasticity and friction of objects, there are also electric field forces and magnetic field forces (Ampere force or Lorentz force), so we should pay special attention to the magnetic field force, which will change with the movement of objects.
Sixth, senior three review strategies
1, review comprehensively, lay a good foundation, reduce the difficulty, and change with the same.
In the review of senior three, we should strive to implement every knowledge point and strengthen the double foundation of the subject. Only by strengthening double basics can we talk about ability and multiple goals. Because time is tight, leading students to review should focus on the analysis of concepts and theories, focusing on implementing each knowledge point on the basis of core and backbone knowledge.
2. Guide students, learn to review and improve their ability.
Students should consciously weave knowledge networks, sum up by themselves, strengthen the use of learned knowledge to solve problems that have not been learned, and further improve the use of new knowledge to solve problems that have not been learned. Although the examination of science and technology physics is relatively basic, the questions are relatively new, and they are basically original questions that have never been done. Therefore, students should master learning methods such as summarization, retrieval, migration, deduction, reasoning and induction, and turn knowledge into ability.
3, innovation, questioning, emphasizing the combination of reality and strengthening experiments.
It is suggested to redo the important experiments that have been done in high school in the review stage of senior three, and open the laboratory, but don't simply repeat it. Students are required to re-observe their experiments from a new perspective, make new discoveries and gains, and achieve "one understanding and five skills" in the experiment. That is, to understand the purpose, steps and principles of the experiment; I will control the conditions (control variables), use instruments, observe and analyze, interpret the results and draw corresponding conclusions, and design a simple experimental scheme according to the principle. Review with experiments and design new experiments.
Further improve the cognitive structure, clearly understand the three elements of conclusion, process and query, and lay the foundation for further cultivating students' scientific spirit. Learn to express experimental phenomena, experimental processes and conclusions correctly and concisely, especially in writing. Observe, think and understand life, production, science and technology and social problems from many angles in daily life, and learn to apply knowledge.
4. Strictly standardize and carefully examine the questions to reduce the loss of points. For example, the specification of measurement unit, experimental operation, subject language and problem-solving format.
Without a semester, no pains, no gains. Under the correct leadership of the school leaders, I believe that our teaching work will definitely come to by going up one flight of stairs in the future. In a word, the information society puts forward higher requirements for teachers' quality. In the future education and teaching work, I will be more strict with myself, work hard, develop my advantages, correct my shortcomings, forge ahead and contribute to a better tomorrow.
Summary of physics education and teaching in senior three 2. Time always goes by unconsciously. In a blink of an eye, six days have passed since the college entrance examination. These days, I have been doing nothing, living a thoughtless life like a pig or a dog. Today, I suddenly feel sorry for this lost youth. It should be necessary to write a teaching summary.
The second semester of senior three is quite short, and the task completed in these days is the end of (1) rounds of review-"Sensor" and elective courses 3-4 and 3-5. (2) Two rounds of review (3) Special training and comprehensive training. In the review, I personally tried my best to adopt some methods and strategies, and also had some positive effects. Any teaching method has advantages and disadvantages, and it needs to be summarized and reflected to make greater progress.
First, the end of a round of review-sensors, elective 3-4, elective 3-5.
1. The elective part of the first round of review is easy to get points and get quick results, which has aroused my enough attention.
The two-volume scores and total scores of several large-scale exams are distressing. More than half of the students in our class have to rely on elective parts to support their two-volume grades. Without this support, students' grades are unimaginable. I am willing to spend time reviewing for the students in this place, which ensures the average grade of the class and the foundation of passing C and B. Now, it is possible to strengthen it appropriately.
Because these pieces of knowledge are less difficult, it is undoubtedly a very good review method to talk about practice.
When reviewing, students can pay attention to textbooks according to the order of textbooks, and choose exercises from textbooks and students' review materials, which can reduce the burden of students' elective study and let them have more energy to learn vocabulary. Disadvantages are:
(1) What you don't often take in the review can be more concise without undue delay. For example, "sensor" can be shortened to one class, plus two classes for practice. Some contents are often tested and students often make mistakes. It is necessary to increase the class hours appropriately. Such as: the calculation of the law of conservation of momentum, the calculation of nuclear energy, etc. With a little attention to these problems, students may break through this bottleneck.
(2) It is ineffective to let students only remember some knowledge. Such as relativity, momentum and so on.
(3) When reviewing, the teacher reviews the knowledge points in place. Should students or should they not? This embarrassed the teacher. I think it might be better to let the students move.
3. After reviewing this part, I adopted the method of special exercises, and the effect was very good. The specific method is to arrange 12 sets of comprehensive exercises in the form of college entrance examination, with two sets in one class, so that students can finish it within 25 minutes and give answers and comments in time. Disadvantages are:
(1) Leave some time for students to sum up and reflect, so that students can make faster progress in their studies.
(2) Practice tracking in time, and the effect will be more obvious.
Second, the second round review
1. Time limit determines the incompleteness of the second round of review.
The first round of review ended in April, so the second round of review time is very tight. It is an important method to simplify all the knowledge points and exercises that are not closely related to the college entrance examination in the second round of review. Only by giving up can you get it.
2. The second round of review should pay more attention to the standardization and problem-solving of physical methods.
I'm doing very well in this respect. Such as: xxx college entrance examination question 9, the power change of gravity to the ball during the swing of B ball to the lowest point. I use the law of conservation of mechanical energy and the definition of power to derive the expression of gravity power, and then use inequalities to make students understand why the power of gravity first increases and then decreases.
3. The combination of two rounds of review and special training can enable students to improve their grades in a limited time.
Facts have proved that students can no longer listen to the empty introduction of physics knowledge structure, what they need is a substantial improvement in their grades. The combination of two rounds of review and special training makes it easier for students to improve their grades quickly. My shortcomings in operation are:
(1) 12 sets of multiple-choice questions and experimental questions have been done, and there is nothing to say about the experimental questions. This must be done, and good results can be achieved in a limited time. However, after 6 or 7 sets of multiple-choice questions, the accuracy of students decreased. The number of multiple-choice questions should be reduced appropriately.
(2) There is no special practice for calculating problems. There are many points in the calculation questions of the college entrance examination, and it is difficult to get points, but the first two questions can still be obtained, and the last one can also get points. Intensive training should be set up to improve students' ability to take exams.
Third, comprehensive training and final review.
1. The time to comprehensive training is very short, and I haven't done much exercise yet. We should appropriately increase the time schedule in the future. Where does time come from? That is to say, the combination of the second round of review and special training will draw some.
2. Deficiencies in comprehensive training: students' mistakes were not carefully summarized and analyzed after correction. I just glanced at it and told it in a daze. The analysis of Xuzhou three evaluation papers gave me a good inspiration, and it is possible to implement it according to the method there.
3. The review of concepts and knowledge points before the exam is distributed to students in the form of handouts, but the number is too large for students to read.
Teaching summary of physics education in senior three 1. Understand the gist of comprehensive science.
How should science be integrated? In the teaching practice of comprehensive science, we should pay full attention to cultivating students' scientific literacy and ability in this respect, which mainly includes the following four aspects:
1. Understand the basic knowledge of natural science, including the basic concepts, principles and laws of science and natural science, quantitatively describe the phenomena and laws of natural science development, and understand the latest achievements and achievements of natural science development and their impact on social development.
2. Be able to design and complete experiments, explain experimental phenomena and results, draw experimental conclusions through analysis and reasoning, and design simple experimental schemes as required.
3. Be able to read natural science materials. Including being able to understand the main contents and characteristics of charts, reading general popular science articles, and drawing relevant conclusions according to relevant materials.
4. Ability to apply basic knowledge of natural science, including explaining and explaining problems encountered in human life and social development with basic knowledge of natural science, understanding the application of natural science knowledge in human life and social development, and being able to use natural science knowledge to evaluate relevant viewpoints, experimental schemes, processes and results.
Second, design comprehensive problems to promote interdisciplinary integration.
Scientific synthesis includes the great synthesis of arts and sciences, the great synthesis between sciences and the small synthesis of various disciplines. As for how the teaching of physics is embodied in the comprehensive course of science, on the one hand, we should pay attention to the horizontal connection with other disciplines, and also pay attention to the intersection and infiltration of physics itself. In the teaching practice of comprehensive science, we should pay attention to cultivating students' ability to analyze and solve problems. Design involves all kinds of physical problems in daily life, as well as physical problems involved in multidisciplinary comprehensive problems, which can promote the integration of various disciplines.
In order to better adapt to the comprehensive teaching of science, although the high school curriculum is divided into subjects, in order to adapt to the comprehensive questions of the college entrance examination, teachers should find the intersection of related subjects to discuss, and students can appropriately add a comprehensive examination of science during the examination, which can expand students' thinking angle and truly gradually cultivate students' role in transforming from mastering knowledge to cultivating ability. In fact, students can get comprehensive training in junior high school; On the one hand, it is to prepare for entering high school. On the other hand, many comprehensive science questions in the college entrance examination can be solved by junior high school knowledge.
Third, according to the comprehensive characteristics of science, adjust the thinking of physics teaching.
There are many principles and contents about the comprehensive proposition of science synthesis, but under the premise that the whole basic education curriculum system has not changed much, the proposition should follow the objective facts, and there is a process of gradually deepening and increasing the penetration and synthesis of disciplines. Synthesis is firstly a small synthesis within a discipline, secondly a synthesis between sciences, and finally a large synthesis between arts and sciences. In teaching, we should prevent the tendency of putting interdisciplinary and comprehensive knowledge too high. Teachers in various disciplines spend too much energy to deal with the knowledge of other disciplines or pay too much attention to the relationship between disciplines, which will lead to a significant decline in the teaching effect of knowledge in various disciplines. Students spend too much energy on the new round of comprehensive examination questions.
In this way, students can't keep up with the cultivation of various subjects, let alone have good comprehensive ability. Like other subjects, the content and teaching effect of comprehensive science teaching have a degree problem. Grasping this degree will be the premise of obtaining good teaching effect. In senior high school, traditional teaching methods focus on how students master the knowledge of various subjects. Now it is also required how to comprehensively apply the knowledge of various disciplines, which is the key to the comprehensive examination of science. As a physics teacher, we should base ourselves on this subject, pay attention to the imparting of knowledge and the cultivation of professional ability, and pay attention to the combination with other subjects to cultivate students' comprehensive ability to use all kinds of knowledge. As middle school physics teachers, we should do well in the following three aspects:
1. Attach importance to basic physics education
Middle school physics is rich in content, including basic concepts, theorems and laws in mechanics, heat, electromagnetism, optics and atomic physics, and there are many experiments. In teaching, we should not only firmly grasp the basic knowledge of each part, but also pay attention to the infiltration and synthesis of each part of knowledge. When reviewing senior three, we should focus on the knowledge covered by both the syllabus and the exam instructions, and guide students to objectively grasp the knowledge structure, grasp the main line, sort out the clues and guide them.
After the basic review is passed, the second stage of science review will be carried out, focusing on the integration within the discipline, closely combining the subject knowledge with the subject ability, and having a special lecture and practice review. Small comprehensive review.
Comprehensive test is a higher level of ability test. A test question spans two or three (or more) subjects. If we analyze and explain from different disciplines and look at it from a macro perspective, this ability can never be highlighted in a short time, but it needs a long-term training process. In the new course, teachers should clearly explain the connotation of physics knowledge points and comprehensively discuss its extension when reviewing chapters; The general review should be linked with the relevant knowledge of related disciplines, find out the internal relationship between them, and realize the mutual infiltration and integration between disciplines. From the shallow to the deep, it is easy first and then difficult. If we can persevere in the whole teaching process, we can continuously improve students' comprehensive ability and sublimate knowledge.
2. Combine with all kinds of knowledge and skills of related disciplines and with natural and social problems.
First of all, to find out the knowledge intersection between physics and other disciplines, "comprehensive test questions" are mostly designed at the intersection of knowledge networks. These questions require students to pay attention to the understanding of the overall structure and function of things, as well as the analysis and understanding of the development process of things. For example, the problem of light engine in the following example is that there are a lot of such intersections in the knowledge network of science, culture and biology, which need us to study. The purpose of doing these studies is to conduct interdisciplinary research more accurately in physics appreciation.
Secondly, the comprehensive questions are mostly based on real questions. Most of these questions combine social hotspots, focuses and topics closely related to human life to emphasize the modern consciousness of coordinated development between man and nature and society, such as the biological light source in the above example. This type of question requires students to actively care about the bottom-up development of the country, society and all mankind, and is also conducive to students' liberation from rote learning and learning in society. Add some popular science lectures, such as "history and frontier of science and technology", "development and utilization of space technology" and "bottom-up and development of environment and human beings" to broaden students' horizons.
3. Further deepen the relationship between disciplines and cultivate students' innovative ability.
The guiding ideology of science comprehensive proposition is based on ability test, which changes from "knowledge-based view" to "ability-based view" and focuses on innovation. In teaching, teachers should combine specific teaching objectives, teaching contents and students' actual cognitive ability, implement open teaching with students as the main body, ignite the sparks of students' exploration of knowledge, stimulate students' creative interest, and at the same time, teachers should constantly "induce, motivate and guide" to achieve the purpose of cultivating students' innovative ability.