1949 since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the fertility rate has never been so low.
202 1, the total fertility rate is only 1. 15, which is lower than that of Japan, where the number of young children is seriously aging, and lower than that of Europe and America by more than 50%!
Nowadays, the mantra of many old people is that we have to have one or two children when we don't have enough to eat and drink. How can it be so expensive and have a pair of chopsticks? How can it be so difficult for two children to grow up next to each other!
In the past, children had to spend money to go to school. Every time our children start school, we have to borrow money from every household. Now children go to school free of charge and have nine-year compulsory education. There are no more children under such good conditions.
And if you don't have children now, what will you do when you get old?
You see, now that we are old, we still have to rely on our children to support us. Where else can you spend money? Otherwise, no one cares whether we are sick or not.
It is normal for an old man to say such things because of his growing environment and background, but for young people, their considerations are different!
The reason why young people don't want to have children is not selfishness or laziness.
Several sets of data tell you that the main reason why young people don't have children is realistic and heartfelt.
1 group data: the cost of raising children to 18 years old is a multiple of per capita GDP.
Per capita GDP is equivalent to per capita national income, which is equivalent to sharing the money earned by the country in one year equally among all people. If you earn more money, you can naturally spend more.
The cost of raising a child is 18, which is equivalent to multiple of per capita GDP. It is 2.08 times in Australia, 2.0 times in Singapore, 2.9 times in Sweden, 3.64 times in Germany, 4.26 times in Japan and 6.9 times in China, which is almost the highest in the world.
That is to say, raising children in China is the most expensive.
The more developed the economy, the more expensive it is to raise children. For example, the average cost of raising children aged 0- 17 in Shanghai has reached10.26 million yuan.
There are still many families who want to send their children to study abroad. The child graduated from high school about 16 years old and began to study abroad. After going abroad for a few years, they have to make up one or two million yuan, that is to say, it may cost 2 million or even 3 million to raise a child and earn money by themselves from birth to coming out. This is really the money that an ordinary family's children have to spend in Shanghai.
When you give birth to a child, you find that the life that was originally rich has become tight. At this time, when you let go of the second and third children, you can already imagine how difficult life will be in the future.
Therefore, young people are reluctant to have a second or third child, indeed because their wallets are empty.
The second set of data: the cost of raising children aged 0~ 17.
Taking rural families as an example, the cost of raising a child aged 0~ 17 is 38 1 10,000 yuan.
You must know that you don't go out to work in the countryside, you only have to farm at home. In many places, the annual income of farming is about 30 thousand, and it is necessary to spend daily expenses to build houses.
If you have two children, one will cost 300,000 yuan and the other two will cost 600,000 yuan.
Raising three children, the cost of raising each child is 228 thousand, that is, the three add up to 684 thousand.
So raising a child is equivalent to putting all the resources on the child's head, but the more children you raise, the less resources each child gets.
If one child is raised in a town, it needs 63 1 000, two children need nearly 654380+0, and three children need more than 654380+0,000.
In 20 1 1 year, the Family Education Research Institute of China Youth Research Center established the "Research Group on the Education Cost of Children of Urban Families in China's Compulsory Education Stage", and conducted questionnaires and interviews with nearly 5,000 parents of primary and secondary school students in 8 provincial capital cities. The results show that the average annual expenditure on urban children's education accounts for 30. 1% of the total family income.
Peking University China Social Science Research Center has also released a follow-up survey and found that the cost of raising children accounts for 50% of family income, of which education expenditure accounts for 34% of the cost of raising children!
Although it is now nine-year compulsory education, parents have to go to work, children have to have lunch at school at noon, some schools have limited lunch beds, or some schools have no lunch at all, so children can only have lunch outside, so this is also an expense.
Even if it is now a "double reduction" education, it is common practice to assign homework at school. Some children are very self-disciplined and can finish their homework at home by themselves.
However, some children must be tutored by their parents, and some parents are unable to tutor their children themselves, so they can only send their children to kindergarten at night and ask a separate teacher to guide their homework.
Therefore, in fact, children spend almost the same amount of money as kindergartens. After entering primary school, parents have to cope with various homework and teachers' requirements. Many parents say that children will actually be more tired when they go to primary school.
Children's competition in junior high school and high school is getting bigger and bigger, and their academic performance is good, but if their academic performance is average, parents will start to be anxious.
Ma Jing has many friends around him. Dare to have a second or third child, often because the elderly are more powerful. This "strength" is that the elderly can earn money themselves and are willing to help their children raise grandchildren.
If we rely solely on the income of a small family, raising one child is already stretched, and the quality of life of raising two children will be greatly reduced.
So young people don't want to have children. Really not selfish or lazy, because the cost of raising children is too high now. Your children go to school. If other children go to various interest classes and your children don't, it will lead to children's unsociable.
When the National Health and Family Planning Commission conducted a sampling survey on the fertility status in 20 17, the proportion of women of childbearing age who did not intend to have a second child was 77.4% because of the heavy economic burden.